Article(id=1266686944248480711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, issueId=1266686777441018407, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1764518400000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-01, revisedDate=1768492800000, revisedDateStr=2026-01-16, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1779931301413, onlineDateStr=2026-05-28, pubDate=1777046400000, pubDateStr=2026-04-25, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1779931301413, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-05-28, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1779931301413, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1779931301413, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1266686777441018407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, year='2026', volume='8', issue='2', pageStart='013014-1', pageEnd='023542-19', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1779931261643, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1779931348520, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1266687141976358949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, issueId=1266686777441018407, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1266687141976358950, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, issueId=1266686777441018407, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=023051-1, endPage=023051-19, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1266686944546276297, articleId=1266686944248480711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, language=EN, title=Impact-mitigation mechanisms and quantitative toughening evaluation of coal-based cemented fill materials based on the FIMI-Lite index, columnId=1266686779106152540, journalTitle=Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, columnName=Fundamental Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Deep mining of coal resources is commonly accompanied by high in-situ stress and progressive energy accumulation, which can readily trigger dynamic disasters such as rock bursts. From the perspective of material toughening, elucidating the impact-mitigation mechanisms of coal-based cemented fill materials and establishing an quantitative characterization and evaluation index system for toughening based on the energy dissipation theory are emerging as promising approaches for achieving impact-mitigation control and optimizing material-oriented design. To clarify the impact-mitigation mechanisms, this study employed coal-based solid wastes as the primary constituents and systematically investigated the coupled effects of aggregate gradation, binder-to-aggregate ratio, curing age, and fiber toughening through uniaxial compression tests, energy evolution analysis, rock burst propensity assessment, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that aggregate gradation, binder-to-aggregate ratio, and curing age exert significant influences on the mechanical performance of the cemented fill. The uniaxial compressive strength grows with the increase in curing age, and rises first and falls subsequently with the increases in Talbot index n and binder-to-aggregate ratio, reaching an optimum at a curing age of 28 d with n=0.6 and a binder-to-aggregate ratio of 2.5∶1. The incorporation of polypropylene fibers markedly enhances the compressive strength and improves post-peak ductility, broadens the energy-dissipation pathways, and enables sustained absorption and dissipation of externally imposed impact energy during the post-peak failure stage. Based on the energy dissipation theory, a FIMI-Lite impact-mitigation evaluation framework comprising five indices (energy dissipation ratio, dynamic toughness index, residual load-bearing ratio, brittleness index, and equivalent vibration isolation coefficient) was proposed to quantitatively characterize the impact-mitigation performance of cemented fill materials. Comparative analyses show that fiber-toughened fills outperform the conventional counterparts across all indices, with the fiber-toughened fill at n=0.4 achieving the highest comprehensive FIMI-Lite score. SEM observations reveal that an appropriate gradation promotes the formation of a dense load-bearing skeleton, whereas the incorporation of fibers conduces to constructing a three-dimensional "particle-cementitious matrix-fiber" network. The synergy of these two factors refines the pore structure, retards crack propagation, and enables stepwise energy absorption and progressive release. The above microstructural findings establish a mechanistic linkage to the macroscopic impact-mitigation performance. The proposed approach provides a scientific basis for optimizing the design of coal-based cemented fill materials and for preventing and controlling coal burst hazards in deep coal mining.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright © 2026 Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Xingping LAI, Xinzhe WANG, Jiantao CAO, Haidong XU, Feng CUI, Pengfei SHAN, Shuai ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1266686978528526567, articleId=1266686944248480711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, language=CN, title=基于FIMI-Lite指数的煤基充填材料冲击缓释机理与增韧定量表征评价研究, columnId=1266686779257147486, journalTitle=采矿与岩层控制工程学报, columnName=基础研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

煤矿深部开采伴随高地应力与能量积聚, 易诱发冲击地压等动力灾害, 从充填材料增韧角度出发, 揭示煤基充填材料冲击缓释机理, 并构建基于能量耗散理论的增韧定量表征与评价指标体系, 正成为实现减冲调控与材料优化设计的新思路。为揭示煤基充填材料的冲击缓释机理, 以煤基固废为主要原料, 考虑骨料级配、灰泥比、养护龄期及纤维增韧等因素, 系统开展了单轴力学试验、能量演化分析、冲击倾向性判定和扫描电镜(SEM)观测。结果表明: 骨料级配、灰泥比和养护龄期对充填材料力学性能影响显著。充填体抗压强度与养护龄期呈正相关关系; 随Talbot指数(n)及灰泥比的增大, 煤基充填体抗压强度均呈“先升后降”的趋势, 在养护龄期为28 d、n=0.6、灰泥比为2.5∶1的情况下常规充填试样力学性能达到最优; 聚丙烯纤维的掺入可显著提高煤基充填试样抗压强度并改善峰后破坏阶段材料的延展性, 拓展材料耗散能通道, 使材料在峰后破坏阶段可以持续吸收并耗散外部冲击能。基于能量耗散理论提出了涵盖能量耗散比、动态韧性指数、残余承载比、脆性指数和等效隔振系数5个指标的减冲综合评价体系(FIMI-Lite), 实现了充填体冲击缓释性能的量化表征。对比分析表明, 纤维增韧后充填体在各指标上均优于常规组别, 其中n=0.4纤维增韧充填体综合指数最高; 通过SEM图像分析可知, 合理级配可使充填体形成致密骨架结构, 纤维的掺入则构建了“颗粒−胶结物−纤维”三维网络, 两者协同优化孔隙结构并延缓裂纹扩展, 实现能量的逐级吸收与渐进释放, 从微观角度建立了与宏观减冲性能的关联, 揭示了充填材料减冲性能机制。研究成果为煤基充填材料的设计优化和冲击地压灾害防治提供了依据。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=版权所有 © 2026《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》编辑部, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=ezCxMZrR4oD5oX+HCstnCA==, magXml=kqatD/C/heYYtr4WITxRxQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=HYreBOo680wIHLYNXtCnYQ==, pdfFileSize=10836934, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=U+C8FBthsAsUK+yRq/DIWA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=kkcewDMI3IZe/D7gs9pFxQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

来兴平(1971—), 男, 宁夏平罗人, 教授, 博士, 博士生导师, 主要从事西部矿区动力灾害预报与科学采矿方面的研究。E-mail:

, authorsList=来兴平, 王鑫哲, 曹建涛, 胥海东, 崔峰, 单鹏飞, 张帅)}, authors=[Author(id=1266686979082174709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=laixp@xust.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1266686979166060792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686979082174709, language=EN, stringName=Xingping LAI, firstName=Xingping, middleName=null, lastName=LAI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1266686979245752569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686979082174709, language=CN, stringName=来兴平, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054, bio={"content":"

来兴平(1971—), 男, 宁夏平罗人, 教授, 博士, 博士生导师, 主要从事西部矿区动力灾害预报与科学采矿方面的研究。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

来兴平(1971—), 男, 宁夏平罗人, 教授, 博士, 博士生导师, 主要从事西部矿区动力灾害预报与科学采矿方面的研究。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978885042412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978893431021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978906013934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054)])]), Author(id=1266686979560325371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1266686979652600061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686979560325371, language=EN, stringName=Xinzhe WANG, firstName=Xinzhe, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1266686979929424126, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686979560325371, language=CN, stringName=王鑫哲, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)])]), Author(id=1266686980030087424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1266686980332077315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686980030087424, language=EN, stringName=Jiantao CAO, firstName=Jiantao, middleName=null, lastName=CAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1266686980403380484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686980030087424, language=CN, stringName=曹建涛, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978885042412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978893431021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978906013934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054)])]), Author(id=1266686980483072262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1266686980759896329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686980483072262, language=EN, stringName=Haidong XU, firstName=Haidong, middleName=null, lastName=XU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 3, address=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
3Maiduoshan Coal Mine, National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750408, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1266686980835393802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686980483072262, language=CN, stringName=胥海东, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 3, address=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
3国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 麦垛山煤矿, 宁夏 银川 750408, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978994094320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686979002482929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978994094320, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Maiduoshan Coal Mine, National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750408, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686979010871538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978994094320, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 麦垛山煤矿, 宁夏 银川 750408)])]), Author(id=1266686981183521036, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1266686982420840719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686981183521036, language=EN, stringName=Feng CUI, firstName=Feng, middleName=null, lastName=CUI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1266686982496338192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686981183521036, language=CN, stringName=崔峰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978885042412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978893431021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978906013934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054)])]), Author(id=1266686982571835666, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1266686982852854037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686982571835666, language=EN, stringName=Pengfei SHAN, firstName=Pengfei, middleName=null, lastName=SHAN, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1266686982949323030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686982571835666, language=CN, stringName=单鹏飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978885042412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978893431021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978906013934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054)])]), Author(id=1266686983284867352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1266686983381336347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686983284867352, language=EN, stringName=Shuai ZHANG, firstName=Shuai, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1266686983691714844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, authorId=1266686983284867352, language=CN, stringName=张帅, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, address=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978885042412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978893431021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978906013934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1266686983800766749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=coal-based solid wastes), Keyword(id=1266686984106950942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=rock burst), Keyword(id=1266686984182448415, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=impact-mitigation control), Keyword(id=1266686984245362976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=FIMI-Lite), Keyword(id=1266686984526381345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=SEM), Keyword(id=1266686984606073122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, orderNo=6, keyword=energy dissipation), Keyword(id=1266686984950006051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=煤基固废), Keyword(id=1266686985012920612, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=冲击地压), Keyword(id=1266686985071640869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=减冲调控), Keyword(id=1266686985432351014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=FIMI-Lite), Keyword(id=1266686985486876967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=扫描电镜(SEM)), Keyword(id=1266686985801449768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=能量耗散)], refs=[Reference(id=1266686990218051933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=0, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=钱鸣高. 20年来采场围岩控制理论和实践的回顾[J]. 中国矿业大 学学报, 2000, 19(1): 1−4., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990293549406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=1, rfOrder=1, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QIAN Minggao. Review of the theory and practice of strata control around longwall face in recent 20 years[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2000, 19(1): 1−4., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990364852575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=2, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢和平. 深部高应力下的资源开采——现状、基础科学问题与展望[A]. 香山科学会议编. 科学前沿与未来(第六集)[C]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2002: 179−191., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990448738656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=2, rfOrder=3, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Heping. Resources development under high ground stress: present state, basic science problems and perspective[A]. Xiangshan Science Conference. Science Foreland and Future (Volume VI)[C]. Beijing: China Environment Science Press, 2002: 179−191., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990528430433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=4, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=来兴平, 徐李臻, 曹建涛, 等. 采动影响下临空巷道小煤柱失稳特征与调控方法[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2025, 53(1): 39−53., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990616510818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=3, rfOrder=5, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LAI Xingping, XU Lizhen, CAO Jiantao, et al. Instability characteristic and control methods of small coal pillar in open roadway under the influence of mining[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2025, 53(1): 39−53., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990692008291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=6, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=来兴平, 贾冲, 胥海东, 等. 急倾斜深埋巨厚煤层掘巷冲击地压前兆特征及其灾害防治[J]. 煤炭学报, 2024, 49(1): 337−350., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990763311460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=4, rfOrder=7, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LAI Xingping, JIA Chong, XU Haidong, et al. Precursory characteristic and disaster prevention of rock burst in roadway excavation in steeply inclined extra-thick coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(1): 337−350., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990834614629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=8, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张帅, 来兴平, 曹建涛, 等. 采动围岩能量系统协同演化与韧性调控减冲评估体系构建研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2025(08): 184−192., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686990910112102, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=5, rfOrder=9, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Shuai, LAI Xingping, CAO Jiantao, et al. Study on co-evolution of energy system of mining surrounding rock and construction of impact reduction evaluation system for toughness regulation[J]. Metal Mine, 2025(08): 184−192., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991006581095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=10, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=窦林名, 田鑫元, 曹安业, 等. 我国煤矿冲击地压防治现状与难题[J]. 煤炭学报, 2022, 47(1): 152−171., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991090467176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=6, rfOrder=11, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DOU Linming, TIAN Xinyuan, CAO Anye, et al. Present situation and problems of coal mine rock burst prevention and control in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2022, 47(1): 152−171., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991157576041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=12, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=潘俊锋, 毛德兵, 蓝航, 等. 我国煤矿冲击地压防治技术研究现状及展望[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2013, 41(6): 21−25., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991233073514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=7, rfOrder=13, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAN Junfeng, MAO Debing, LAN Hang, et al. Study status and prospects of mine pressure bumping control technology in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2013, 41(6): 21−25., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991308570987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=14, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=齐庆新, 欧阳振华, 赵善坤, 等. 我国冲击地压矿井类型及防治方法研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2014, 42(10): 1−5., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991413428588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=8, rfOrder=15, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=QI Qingxin, OUYANG Zhenhua, ZHAO Shankun, et al. Study on types of rock burst mine and prevention methods in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2014, 42(10): 1−5., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991493120365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=16, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢和平, 张吉雄, 高峰, 等. 煤矿负碳高效充填开采理论与技术构想[J]. 煤炭学报, 2024, 49(1): 36−46., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991564423534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=9, rfOrder=17, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Heping, ZHANG Jixiong, GAO Feng, et al. Theory and technical conception of carbon-negative and high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(1): 36−46., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991639921007, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=18, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王双明, 刘浪, 朱梦博, 等. “双碳”目标下煤炭绿色低碳发展新思路[J]. 煤炭学报, 2024, 49(1): 152−171., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991711224176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=10, rfOrder=19, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Shuangming, LIU Lang, ZHU Mengbo, et al. New way for green and low-carbon development of coal industry under the target of "dual-carbon"[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(1): 152−171., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991795110257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=20, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=彭苏萍, 毕银丽. 黄河流域煤矿区生态环境修复关键技术与战略思考[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(4): 1211−1221., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991878996338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=11, rfOrder=21, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PENG Suping, BI Yinli. Strategic consideration and core technology about environmental ecological restoration in coal mine areas in the Yellow River basin of China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2020, 45(4): 1211−1221., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686991950299507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=22, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李庆文, 聂帆帆, 郑志明, 等. 碳纤维布约束下煤样力学性能与能量损伤本构关系[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2025, 7(4): 043028., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992025796980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=12, rfOrder=23, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Qingwen, NIE Fanfan, ZHENG Zhiming, et al. Mechanical properties and energy damage constitutive relationship of coal samples confined by CFRP sheets[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2025, 7(4): 043028., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992092905845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=24, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张俊文, 吴少康, 宋治祥, 等. 纤维种类及橡胶含量对矿用水泥基材料性能影响研究[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2024, 6(5): 053036., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992164209014, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=13, rfOrder=25, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Junwen, WU Shaokang, SONG Zhixiang, et al. Study on the influence of fiber type and rubber content on the properties of cement-based materials for mining[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2024, 6(5): 053036., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992248095095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=26, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李崧岳. 深部条带遗留煤柱冲击风险评价及充填开采降载减冲机理[D]. 淮南: 安徽理工大学, 2024., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992344564088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=14, rfOrder=27, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Songyue. Evaluation for rockburst risk of remnant strip coal pillar in deep mining and mechanism of load-reduction and rock burst-control in backfilling mining[D]. Huainan: Anhui University of Science and Technology, 2024., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992424255865, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=28, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=王家臣, 王兆会. 冲击地压矿井坚硬顶板工作面充填开采降载防冲机理及应用[J]. 中国煤炭, 2025, 51(1): 12−22., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992508141946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=15, rfOrder=29, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WANG Jiachen, WANG Zhaohui. Load reduction and coal burst prevention mechanisms and application of backfilling mining in working face with hard roof in rock burst mine[J]. China Coal, 2025, 51(1): 12−22., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992587833723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=16, rfOrder=30, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU W B, WU W Y, LIU B. Effect of curing age, cement content and confining pressure on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and triaxial compressive behavior of cemented tailings backfill[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2023, 30(5): 1649−1661., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992663331196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=31, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐文彬, 陈伟. 不同倾角充−岩组合体三轴压缩力学特性及破坏特征[J]. 矿业科学学报, 2023, 8(5): 633−641., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992743022973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=17, rfOrder=32, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Wenbin, CHEN Wei. The triaxial compressive mechanical properties and failure characteristics of backfill-rock combined bodies with different interface angles[J]. Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2023, 8(5): 633−641., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992826909054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=18, rfOrder=33, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU W B, LIU B, WU W Y. Strength and deformation behaviors of cemented tailings backfill under triaxial compression[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2020, 27(12): 3531−3543., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686992923378047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=34, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=夏雨, 卢爱红. 连续级配高强胶结充填体力学特性及破坏特征分析[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2023, 5(1): 013037., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993003069824, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=19, rfOrder=35, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIA Yu, LU Aihong. Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of continuously graded high-strength cemented backfill[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2023, 5(1): 013037., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993099538817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=36, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曹帅, 薛改利, 宋卫东. 组合胶结充填体力学特性试验与应用研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2019, 36(3): 601−608., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993170841986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=20, rfOrder=37, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CAO Shuai, XUE Gaili, SONG Weidong. Experimental research on mechanical properties of combined cemented tailings backfill and its application[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering, 2019, 36(3): 601−608., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993242145155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=38, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=程爱平, 董福松, 张玉山, 等. 单轴压缩胶结充填体裂纹扩展及汇集模式[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2021, 50(1): 50−59., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993313448324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=21, rfOrder=39, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHENG Aiping, DONG Fusong, ZHANG Yushan, et al. Crack propagation and convergence mode of cemented backfill under uniaxial compression[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2021, 50(1): 50−59., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993376362885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=40, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=程爱平, 董福松, 舒鹏飞, 等. 连续级配胶结充填体力学特性及声发射特征[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 49(8): 46−52., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993456054662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=22, rfOrder=41, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHENG Aiping, DONG Fusong, SHU Pengfei, et al. Mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of continuous graded cemented backfill[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 49(8): 46−52., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993569300871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=42, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=赵康, 黄明, 严雅静, 等. 不同灰砂比尾砂胶结充填材料组合体力学特性及协同变形研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(S1): 2781−2789., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993669964168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=23, rfOrder=43, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHAO Kang, HUANG Ming, YAN Yajing, et al. Mechanical properties and synergistic deformation characteristics of tailings cemented filling assembled material body with different cement-tailings ratios[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 40(S1): 2781−2789., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993737073033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=44, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=魏晓明, 郭利杰, 周小龙, 等. 高阶段胶结充填体全时序应力演化规律及预测模型研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(11): 3613−3620., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993812570506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=24, rfOrder=45, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WEI Xiaoming, GUO Lijie, ZHOU Xiaolong, et al. Full sequence stress evolution law and prediction model of high stage cemented backfill[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(11): 3613−3620., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993896456587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=46, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李长洪, 魏晓明, 张立新, 等. 胶结充填体与矿石的能量匹配关系及固化时间的确定[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2017, 34(6): 1116−1121., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686993976148364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=25, rfOrder=47, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=LI Changhong, WEI Xiaoming, ZHANG Lixin, et al. Energy matching relationship between cemented backfill body and ore and determination of curing time[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering, 2017, 34(6): 1116−1121., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994060034445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=48, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=金爱兵, 王杰, 陈帅军, 等. 基于不同粒径分布尾砂的充填体强度及损伤特性研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2022, 43(11): 3083−3093., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994143920526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=26, rfOrder=49, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIN Aibing, WANG Jie, CHEN Shuaijun, et al. Strength and damage characteristics of tailings filling body with different particle size distributions[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2022, 43(11): 3083−3093., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994219417999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=50, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=吴疆宇, 靖洪文, 浦海, 等. 分形矸石胶结充填体的宏细观力学特性[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(10): 2083−2100., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994299109776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=27, rfOrder=51, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=WU Jiangyu, JING Hongwen, PU Hai, et al. Macroscopic and mesoscopic mechanical properties of cemented waste rock backfill using fractal gangue[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 40(10): 2083−2100., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994370412945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=52, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄琍, 王山. 对GB 175—2007《通用硅酸盐水泥》标准条文的详析[J]. 水泥, 2008(5): 1−2., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994450104722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=28, rfOrder=53, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HUANG Li, WANG Shan. Detailed analysis of standard provisions of GB175-2007 "Common Portland Cement"[J]. Cement, 2008(5): 1−2., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994521407891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=54, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=江丽珍, 颜碧兰, 肖忠明, 等. GB 175—2007《通用硅酸盐水泥》标准条文解释[J]. 水泥, 2008(4): 1−2., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994596905364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=29, rfOrder=55, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JIANG Lizhen, YAN Bilan, XIAO Zhongming, et al. Interpretation of standard provisions of GB 175-2007 "Common Portland Cement"[J]. Cement, 2008(4): 1−2., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994680791445, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=56, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=杨科, 冯小伍, 何祥, 等. 煤基固废胶结充填体冲击动力学特性试验研究[J/OL]. 煤炭学报, 2025 [2026−01−13]. https://doi.org/10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2024.1457., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994756288918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=30, rfOrder=57, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=YANG Ke, FENG Xiaowu, HE Xiang, et al. Experimental study on impact dynamics characteristics of coal-based solid waste cemented backfill[J/OL]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2025 [2026−01−13]. https://doi.org/10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2024.1457., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994831786391, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=58, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=周林邦, 孙星海, 刘泽, 等. 大掺量粉煤灰基矿井充填材料的制备、工作性能与微观结构的研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2023, 48(12): 4536−4548., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994890506648, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=31, rfOrder=59, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHOU Linbang, SUN Xinghai, LIU Ze, et al. Study on preparation, working performance and microstructure of coal mine filling material with large amount of fly ash[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2023, 48(12): 4536−4548., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686994974392729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=60, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭明帅, 潘浩, 王菲. 赤泥基固化剂固化/稳定铅锌镉污染土的强度及浸出特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(S1): 2968−2975., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995045695898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=32, rfOrder=61, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GUO Mingshuai, PAN Hao, WANG Fei. Study on the strength and leaching characteristics of solidified/stabilized lead, zinc and cadmium contaminated soil with red mud-based curing agent[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 40(S1): 2968−2975., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995121193371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=62, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张荣华, 赵洋, 杨文祥, 等. 多源固废基固化剂固化粉土机理研究[J]. 山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 44(4): 70−78., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995192496540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=33, rfOrder=63, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Ronghua, ZHAO Yang, YANG Wenxiang, et al. Study on mechanism of multi-source solid waste-based curing agent for solidifying silt[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2025, 44(4): 70−78., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995263799709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=64, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=侯永强, 尹升华, 赵国亮, 等. 聚丙烯纤维增强尾砂胶结充填体力学及流动性能研究[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(19): 19030−19035., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995330908574, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=34, rfOrder=65, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HOU Yongqiang, YIN Shenghua, ZHAO Guoliang, et al. Study on the mechanical and flow properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced cemented tailings backfill[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(19): 19030−19035., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995398017439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=66, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张耀平, 陈荣森, 王瑞, 等. 玄武岩纤维增强尾砂胶结充填体的力学性能及破坏形态[J]. 有色金属, 2025, 15(3): 484−496., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995473514912, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=35, rfOrder=67, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Yaoping, CHEN Rongsen, WANG Rui, et al. Mechanical properties and damage morphology of tailing sand cemented filler reinforced with basalt fibers[J]. Nonferrous Metals, 2025, 15(3): 484−496., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995549012385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=68, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢和平, 鞠杨, 黎立云. 基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(17): 3003−3010., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995641287074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=36, rfOrder=69, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Heping, JU Yang, LI Liyun. Criteria for strength and structural failure of rocks based on energy dissipation and energy release principles[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(17): 3003−3010., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995708395939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=70, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢和平, 鞠杨, 黎立云, 等. 岩体变形破坏过程的能量机制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2008, 27(9): 1729−1740., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995821642148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=37, rfOrder=71, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Heping, JU Yang, LI Liyun, et al. Energy mechanism of deformation and failure of rock masses[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2008, 27(9): 1729−1740., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995884556709, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=72, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=谢和平, 彭瑞东, 鞠杨. 岩石变形破坏过程中的能量耗散分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, 23(21): 3565−3570., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686995960054182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=38, rfOrder=73, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XIE Heping, PENG Ruidong, JU Yang. Energy dissipation of rock deformation and fracture[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(21): 3565−3570., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686996031357351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=39, rfOrder=74, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=SAATY T L. The analytic hierarchy process[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980: 37−42., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686996098466216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=75, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=许茜, 王彦明, 张雯超. 基于正交试验的充填体力学及微观特性研究[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2022, 4(6): 063520., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686996169769385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=40, rfOrder=76, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=XU Qian, WANG Yanming, ZHANG Wenchao. Study on mechanical and microstructural properties of backfill based on orthogonal experiments[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2022, 4(6): 063520., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686996245266858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=77, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张敏哲, 王贻明, 吴爱祥, 等. 掺塑性膨胀剂的全尾砂胶结充填体体积变化率试验研究及机理分析[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2025, 7(1): 013035., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1266686996316570027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=41, rfOrder=78, authorNames=null, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHANG Minzhe, WANG Yiming, WU Aixiang, et al. Experimental study and mechanism analysis of volume change rate of cemented total tailings backfill with plastic expansion agent[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2025, 7(1): 013035., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1266686978792767721, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978805350634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978817933547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978792767721, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978885042412, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978893431021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686978906013934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978885042412, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054)]), AuthorCompany(id=1266686978994094320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686979002482929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978994094320, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Maiduoshan Coal Mine, National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750408, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1266686979010871538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, companyId=1266686978994094320, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 麦垛山煤矿, 宁夏 银川 750408)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1266686985927278889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Experimental materials, figureFileSmall=evDIK2XHFzdmyeXRyVAkCA==, figureFileBig=U+C8FBthsAsUK+yRq/DIWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686986254434602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图1, caption=试验原料, figureFileSmall=evDIK2XHFzdmyeXRyVAkCA==, figureFileBig=U+C8FBthsAsUK+yRq/DIWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686986610950443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=XRD pattern and mineral composition of coal gangue, figureFileSmall=YtW1az6IjI7+93REOoP1Gg==, figureFileBig=+qCQJyyiF1atV1DqcD1vjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686986686447916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图2, caption=充填主要骨料煤矸石XRD图谱及矿物组成, figureFileSmall=YtW1az6IjI7+93REOoP1Gg==, figureFileBig=+qCQJyyiF1atV1DqcD1vjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686986757751085, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=SEM images of coal gangue and fly ash, figureFileSmall=yyGlkCRhKnuDnyRfy5c/ng==, figureFileBig=p/vUq9lodesKhsrAhjZWJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686986808082734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图3, caption=矸石和粉煤灰SEM扫描图像, figureFileSmall=yyGlkCRhKnuDnyRfy5c/ng==, figureFileBig=p/vUq9lodesKhsrAhjZWJA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686986887774511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Target particle size distribution curves, figureFileSmall=X5Vgb64gGO75EFb+brC4Pg==, figureFileBig=UC0cqcCOozNgbI97GuAyHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686986946494768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图4, caption=目标粒径级配曲线, figureFileSmall=X5Vgb64gGO75EFb+brC4Pg==, figureFileBig=UC0cqcCOozNgbI97GuAyHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987009409329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Framework of experimental factors and levels, figureFileSmall=x4AwIyQyeTYTI2oGyJuVAw==, figureFileBig=WEDUkToR957rqiNXMaJY7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987068129586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图5, caption=试验因素−水平框架, figureFileSmall=x4AwIyQyeTYTI2oGyJuVAw==, figureFileBig=WEDUkToR957rqiNXMaJY7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987131044147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Preparation process of cemented fill specimens, figureFileSmall=BpXOcI3Hq9EGScymvXkRjA==, figureFileBig=TcHzrT5X2GwGSr4yIMSJKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987189764404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图6, caption=充填材料试样制备流程, figureFileSmall=BpXOcI3Hq9EGScymvXkRjA==, figureFileBig=TcHzrT5X2GwGSr4yIMSJKw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987261067573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Mechanical testing equipment and configuration, figureFileSmall=v0Sz5M6PwKjTFI4J3Iu1QQ==, figureFileBig=bDjYgFLgNP2Xqmw5x4z20g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987336565046, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图7, caption=力学试验设备与配置, figureFileSmall=v0Sz5M6PwKjTFI4J3Iu1QQ==, figureFileBig=bDjYgFLgNP2Xqmw5x4z20g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987403673911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Uniaxial compressive strength of fill materials under different aggregate gradations and curing ages, figureFileSmall=KoqQmq88zt73YlvaxKz7ag==, figureFileBig=oPZp5Jpktin9lEzdt3W+8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987474977080, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图8, caption=骨料级配及养护龄期差异下充填材料单轴抗压强度分布柱状图, figureFileSmall=KoqQmq88zt73YlvaxKz7ag==, figureFileBig=oPZp5Jpktin9lEzdt3W+8w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987546280249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Mechanical characteristics and failure modes of cemented fill with n = 0.6, figureFileSmall=VYlJUyC+J1PJXE+9YI/2ww==, figureFileBig=cjccRGHmxaL86Fz7ve+vtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987621777722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图9, caption=n=0.6充填材料力学特性及破坏形式, figureFileSmall=VYlJUyC+J1PJXE+9YI/2ww==, figureFileBig=cjccRGHmxaL86Fz7ve+vtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987705663803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Strength distribution characteristics of fill materials under different binder-aggregate ratios, figureFileSmall=RgO3AmNtL/JBkZ5sisK+tQ==, figureFileBig=KaQxAyF0B1A3YTQoMKqrCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987776966972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图10, caption=不同灰泥比下充填材料强度分布特征, figureFileSmall=RgO3AmNtL/JBkZ5sisK+tQ==, figureFileBig=KaQxAyF0B1A3YTQoMKqrCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987865047357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Effect of polypropylene fiber dosage on the post-toughening strength of conventional cemented fill at the target gradation particle-size range, figureFileSmall=1HqziE4pUVM87shfhrLN6g==, figureFileBig=VCATI4Dgl46KI7LWTBKJbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686987948933438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图11, caption=聚丙烯纤维掺量对目标级配粒径下常规充填体增韧后强度影响关系, figureFileSmall=1HqziE4pUVM87shfhrLN6g==, figureFileBig=VCATI4Dgl46KI7LWTBKJbQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988032819519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Stress-strain curves of modified cemented fill materials, figureFileSmall=J7yLnHtJpI1L6nMgddM8GQ==, figureFileBig=pVZr3wJIkAzgZFYDmU/9BA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988112511296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图12, caption=改性充填材料应力−应变曲线, figureFileSmall=J7yLnHtJpI1L6nMgddM8GQ==, figureFileBig=pVZr3wJIkAzgZFYDmU/9BA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988183814465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Stress-energy evolution characteristics of fill materials under uniaxial compression, figureFileSmall=4Z7yHrSfU0wj8r2TlcnYcw==, figureFileBig=i4hAjDKpdiX4wwOXFVJSaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988263506242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图13, caption=单轴压缩充填材料应力−能量演化特征, figureFileSmall=4Z7yHrSfU0wj8r2TlcnYcw==, figureFileBig=i4hAjDKpdiX4wwOXFVJSaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988330615107, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Stress-strain curves and confidence intervals of fill specimens with representative gradations, figureFileSmall=VWfHrhtfNjwx6fdmZCKGsg==, figureFileBig=76OpflUWOx8Vq7FIRSfsSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988393529668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图14, caption=代表粒径级配充填试样应力−应变曲线及置信区间, figureFileSmall=VWfHrhtfNjwx6fdmZCKGsg==, figureFileBig=76OpflUWOx8Vq7FIRSfsSw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988469027141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Stress-strain behavior and energy evolution characteristics of fill materials under uniaxial compression, figureFileSmall=ayY0sXYD+7ksH9d6fGKnfg==, figureFileBig=xhUARlItAx74rtRsrFTz8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988552913222, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图15, caption=单轴压缩充填材料应力−应变、能量演化特征, figureFileSmall=ayY0sXYD+7ksH9d6fGKnfg==, figureFileBig=xhUARlItAx74rtRsrFTz8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988636799303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=Variation curves of FIMI-Lite indices for the cemented fill, figureFileSmall=kR10cPXPt9Tj4zYDcaS3kw==, figureFileBig=mbPH6yQzyHAlF+9pYm/Kbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988703908168, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图16, caption=充填体FIMI-Lite指标变化曲线, figureFileSmall=kR10cPXPt9Tj4zYDcaS3kw==, figureFileBig=mbPH6yQzyHAlF+9pYm/Kbw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988762628425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.17, caption=Heat map matrix of normalized comprehensive FIMI-Lite indices, figureFileSmall=uPdw3r93rIRiIEH/ZdvEsQ==, figureFileBig=voj5fBo4so5RTDQPOHxh+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988825542986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图17, caption=归一化FIMI-Lite综合指标热力矩阵图, figureFileSmall=uPdw3r93rIRiIEH/ZdvEsQ==, figureFileBig=voj5fBo4so5RTDQPOHxh+Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988896846155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.18, caption=SEM microstructure and local magnification of crack paths in conventional fill materials, figureFileSmall=kPv+I5Xu/7W++zqo7TNtTw==, figureFileBig=8hRu8AmttMW4GnDjLrmkcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686988963955020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图18, caption=常规充填材料电镜扫描微观结构及裂纹路径局部放大特征, figureFileSmall=kPv+I5Xu/7W++zqo7TNtTw==, figureFileBig=8hRu8AmttMW4GnDjLrmkcg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686989031063885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.19, caption=SEM microstructure and local magnification of crack paths in modified fill materials, figureFileSmall=pfCrWUFdbA99g3qagXt3oQ==, figureFileBig=qHqZG/lYj2CmyKwVasCWFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686989106561358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图19, caption=改性充填材料电镜扫描微观结构及裂纹路径局部放大特征, figureFileSmall=pfCrWUFdbA99g3qagXt3oQ==, figureFileBig=qHqZG/lYj2CmyKwVasCWFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686989177864527, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.20, caption=Particle size distribution of gangue and occurrence characteristics of cementitious materials, figureFileSmall=dGw9jCkV8bYBBRrEJ+GLBQ==, figureFileBig=+ni8Bz9guSQGjlqBJHha8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686989249167696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图20, caption=矸石粒径分布与胶凝材料赋存特征, figureFileSmall=dGw9jCkV8bYBBRrEJ+GLBQ==, figureFileBig=+ni8Bz9guSQGjlqBJHha8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686989312082257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Fig.21, caption=Correlation path between microstructural evolution and macroscopic impact-mitigation performance enhancement, figureFileSmall=s75C6P0OCbCDY5rnL2iiKw==, figureFileBig=LvLmRq0BSnpnDvCid7jYDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686989383385426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=图21, caption=微观结构演化−宏观减冲性能提升关联路径, figureFileSmall=s75C6P0OCbCDY5rnL2iiKw==, figureFileBig=LvLmRq0BSnpnDvCid7jYDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1266686989463077203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Percent passing at different Talbot indices %

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
粒级/mmn=0.2n=0.4n=0.6n=0.8
0~0.544.119.48.63.8
0.5~16.66.24.42.8
1~2.510.211.49.57.1
2.5~59.011.811.610.2
5~1010.415.617.617.7
10~2011.920.626.730.8
20~307.815.021.627.7
), ArticleFig(id=1266686989530186068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同Talbot指数下的筛下通过率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
粒级/mmn=0.2n=0.4n=0.6n=0.8
0~0.544.119.48.63.8
0.5~16.66.24.42.8
1~2.510.211.49.57.1
2.5~59.011.811.610.2
5~1010.415.617.617.7
10~2011.920.626.730.8
20~307.815.021.627.7
), ArticleFig(id=1266686989593100629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Mix proportion design for mechanical property tests of conventional fill materials

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号A(颗粒级配Talbot指数)固体质量分数/%养护龄期/d
B(粉煤灰)C(水泥)
CT10.22167、14、28
CT20.2198
CT30.21710
CT40.42167、14、28
CT50.4198
CT60.41710
CT70.62167、14、28
CT80.6198
CT90.61710
CT100.82167、14、28
CT110.8198
CT120.81710
), ArticleFig(id=1266686989664403798, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

常规充填材料力学性能试验配比方案设计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号A(颗粒级配Talbot指数)固体质量分数/%养护龄期/d
B(粉煤灰)C(水泥)
CT10.22167、14、28
CT20.2198
CT30.21710
CT40.42167、14、28
CT50.4198
CT60.41710
CT70.62167、14、28
CT80.6198
CT90.61710
CT100.82167、14、28
CT110.8198
CT120.81710
), ArticleFig(id=1266686989731512663, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Saaty's 1–9 scale and semantic interpretations

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标度aij语义解释(标度i相对j)
1等同重要
3略重要
5显著重要
7强烈重要
9极端重要
2, 4, 6, 8相邻等级的中间值
1/aij表示指标j相对i的重要性
), ArticleFig(id=1266686989819593048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

Saaty 1—9标度及语义解释表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标度aij语义解释(标度i相对j)
1等同重要
3略重要
5显著重要
7强烈重要
9极端重要
2, 4, 6, 8相邻等级的中间值
1/aij表示指标j相对i的重要性
), ArticleFig(id=1266686989899284825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Summary of calculated FIMI-Lite indices for cemented fill specimens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样类型 $ \psi $ $ \tau $ $ \rho $ $ \beta $ $ \kappa $
n=0.2(常规)0.500.200.250.400.54
n=0.4(常规)0.560.240.290.360.55
n=0.4+纤维0.780.390.480.240.65
n=0.6(常规)0.630.280.380.310.61
n=0.8(常规)0.490.190.250.410.54
), ArticleFig(id=1266686989970587994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

充填试样FIMI-Lite各指标计算汇总

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样类型 $ \psi $ $ \tau $ $ \rho $ $ \beta $ $ \kappa $
n=0.2(常规)0.500.200.250.400.54
n=0.4(常规)0.560.240.290.360.55
n=0.4+纤维0.780.390.480.240.65
n=0.6(常规)0.630.280.380.310.61
n=0.8(常规)0.490.190.250.410.54
), ArticleFig(id=1266686990041891163, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Impact tendency evaluation of cemented fill specimens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样类型单轴抗压强度$ {\sigma }_{{\mathrm{c}}} $/MPa动态破坏时间$ D_{\mathrm{T}} $/ms弹性能量指数$ {W}_{{\mathrm{et}}} $冲击能量指数$ {W}_{{\mathrm{cf}}} $判定类别
0.2常规5.86203.500.53Ⅰ类无冲击
0.4常规6.16551.160.82Ⅰ类无冲击
0.6常规6.96022.460.63Ⅱ类弱冲击
0.8常规6.36401.720.79Ⅰ类无冲击
0.4增韧6.86601.470.63Ⅰ类无冲击
), ArticleFig(id=1266686990104805724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1266358798366031926, articleId=1266686944248480711, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

充填试样冲击倾向性评价

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试样类型单轴抗压强度$ {\sigma }_{{\mathrm{c}}} $/MPa动态破坏时间$ D_{\mathrm{T}} $/ms弹性能量指数$ {W}_{{\mathrm{et}}} $冲击能量指数$ {W}_{{\mathrm{cf}}} $判定类别
0.2常规5.86203.500.53Ⅰ类无冲击
0.4常规6.16551.160.82Ⅰ类无冲击
0.6常规6.96022.460.63Ⅱ类弱冲击
0.8常规6.36401.720.79Ⅰ类无冲击
0.4增韧6.86601.470.63Ⅰ类无冲击
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1266358216725119026, delFlag=0, nameCn=采矿与岩层控制工程学报, nameEn=Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=2096-7187, eissn=null, cn=10-1638/TD, coden=null, periodic=1, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=3M2E63EeKlJanFUDduABhw==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1779852926668, updatedTime=1779853656963, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=3M2E63EeKlJanFUDduABhw==, picEn=QCCBGpOy6Xr+vl8LF0e4TA==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1266361279879996135, language=CN, name=采矿与岩层控制工程学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1779853656978, updatedTime=1779853656978, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mkkc.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorA2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://mkkc.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorA2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://mkkc.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorA2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1266361279947105000, language=EN, name=Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1779853656994, updatedTime=1779853656994, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://mkkc.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorA2N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://mkkc.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorA2N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://mkkc.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorA2N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1266358798366031926, websiteList=[Website(id=1266361614971327040, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1266358798366031926, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1779853736870, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1779853971106, updateBy=18614031015, name=采矿与岩层控制工程学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=采矿与岩层控制工程学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1266362737157366668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1779854004420, updateTime=1779854004420, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737123812233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1779854004412, updateTime=1779854004412, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737178338191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1779854004425, updateTime=1779854004425, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737115423624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/CN/file/pic?fileId=5Wr92HJFwUu1ofc83e98Mg==, createTime=1779854004410, updateTime=1779854004410, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737199309713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1779854004430, updateTime=1779854004430, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737144783755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1779854004417, updateTime=1779854004417, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737186726800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1779854004428, updateTime=1779854004428, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737136395146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1779854004415, updateTime=1779854004415, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737165755277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1779854004422, updateTime=1779854004422, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362737169949582, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361614971327040, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1779854004423, updateTime=1779854004423, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1266361615063601741, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1266358798366031926, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1779853736892, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1779853966895, updateBy=18614031015, name=采矿与岩层控制工程学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1266362709009392505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1779853997709, updateTime=1779853997709, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362708980032374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1779853997702, updateTime=1779853997702, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362709055529852, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1779853997720, updateTime=1779853997720, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362708959060853, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/EN/file/pic?fileId=5Wr92HJFwUu1ofc83e98Mg==, createTime=1779853997697, updateTime=1779853997697, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362709080695678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1779853997726, updateTime=1779853997726, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362708996809592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1779853997706, updateTime=1779853997706, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362709068112765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1779853997723, updateTime=1779853997723, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362708988420983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1779853997704, updateTime=1779853997704, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362709017781114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1779853997711, updateTime=1779853997711, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1266362709042946939, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1266361615063601741, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1779853997717, updateTime=1779853997717, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=采矿与岩层控制工程学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://ckyckz.kcyjy.com/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, journalPhotoCn=3M2E63EeKlJanFUDduABhw==, journalPhotoEn=QCCBGpOy6Xr+vl8LF0e4TA==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/CN/10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/EN/10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/CN/PDF/10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/EN/PDF/10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
基于FIMI-Lite指数的煤基充填材料冲击缓释机理与增韧定量表征评价研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
来兴平 1, 2 , 王鑫哲 1 , 曹建涛 1, 2 , 胥海东 1, 3 , 崔峰 1, 2 , 单鹏飞 1, 2 , 张帅 1, 2
采矿与岩层控制工程学报 | 基础研究 2026,8(2): 023051-1-023051-19
收起
收藏切换
采矿与岩层控制工程学报 | 基础研究 2026, 8(2): 023051-1-023051-19
基于FIMI-Lite指数的煤基充填材料冲击缓释机理与增韧定量表征评价研究
全屏
来兴平1, 2 , 王鑫哲1, 曹建涛1, 2, 胥海东1, 3, 崔峰1, 2, 单鹏飞1, 2, 张帅1, 2
作者信息
  • 1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
  • 2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054
  • 3国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 麦垛山煤矿, 宁夏 银川 750408
  • 来兴平(1971—), 男, 宁夏平罗人, 教授, 博士, 博士生导师, 主要从事西部矿区动力灾害预报与科学采矿方面的研究。E-mail:

Impact-mitigation mechanisms and quantitative toughening evaluation of coal-based cemented fill materials based on the FIMI-Lite index
Xingping LAI1, 2 , Xinzhe WANG1, Jiantao CAO1, 2, Haidong XU1, 3, Feng CUI1, 2, Pengfei SHAN1, 2, Shuai ZHANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1College of Energy Science and Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploration and Hazard Prevention of China Ministry of Education, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
  • 3Maiduoshan Coal Mine, National Energy Group Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750408, China
出版时间: 2026-04-25 doi: 10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451
文章导航
收藏切换

煤矿深部开采伴随高地应力与能量积聚, 易诱发冲击地压等动力灾害, 从充填材料增韧角度出发, 揭示煤基充填材料冲击缓释机理, 并构建基于能量耗散理论的增韧定量表征与评价指标体系, 正成为实现减冲调控与材料优化设计的新思路。为揭示煤基充填材料的冲击缓释机理, 以煤基固废为主要原料, 考虑骨料级配、灰泥比、养护龄期及纤维增韧等因素, 系统开展了单轴力学试验、能量演化分析、冲击倾向性判定和扫描电镜(SEM)观测。结果表明: 骨料级配、灰泥比和养护龄期对充填材料力学性能影响显著。充填体抗压强度与养护龄期呈正相关关系; 随Talbot指数(n)及灰泥比的增大, 煤基充填体抗压强度均呈“先升后降”的趋势, 在养护龄期为28 d、n=0.6、灰泥比为2.5∶1的情况下常规充填试样力学性能达到最优; 聚丙烯纤维的掺入可显著提高煤基充填试样抗压强度并改善峰后破坏阶段材料的延展性, 拓展材料耗散能通道, 使材料在峰后破坏阶段可以持续吸收并耗散外部冲击能。基于能量耗散理论提出了涵盖能量耗散比、动态韧性指数、残余承载比、脆性指数和等效隔振系数5个指标的减冲综合评价体系(FIMI-Lite), 实现了充填体冲击缓释性能的量化表征。对比分析表明, 纤维增韧后充填体在各指标上均优于常规组别, 其中n=0.4纤维增韧充填体综合指数最高; 通过SEM图像分析可知, 合理级配可使充填体形成致密骨架结构, 纤维的掺入则构建了“颗粒−胶结物−纤维”三维网络, 两者协同优化孔隙结构并延缓裂纹扩展, 实现能量的逐级吸收与渐进释放, 从微观角度建立了与宏观减冲性能的关联, 揭示了充填材料减冲性能机制。研究成果为煤基充填材料的设计优化和冲击地压灾害防治提供了依据。

煤基固废  /  冲击地压  /  减冲调控  /  FIMI-Lite  /  扫描电镜(SEM)  /  能量耗散

Deep mining of coal resources is commonly accompanied by high in-situ stress and progressive energy accumulation, which can readily trigger dynamic disasters such as rock bursts. From the perspective of material toughening, elucidating the impact-mitigation mechanisms of coal-based cemented fill materials and establishing an quantitative characterization and evaluation index system for toughening based on the energy dissipation theory are emerging as promising approaches for achieving impact-mitigation control and optimizing material-oriented design. To clarify the impact-mitigation mechanisms, this study employed coal-based solid wastes as the primary constituents and systematically investigated the coupled effects of aggregate gradation, binder-to-aggregate ratio, curing age, and fiber toughening through uniaxial compression tests, energy evolution analysis, rock burst propensity assessment, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that aggregate gradation, binder-to-aggregate ratio, and curing age exert significant influences on the mechanical performance of the cemented fill. The uniaxial compressive strength grows with the increase in curing age, and rises first and falls subsequently with the increases in Talbot index n and binder-to-aggregate ratio, reaching an optimum at a curing age of 28 d with n=0.6 and a binder-to-aggregate ratio of 2.5∶1. The incorporation of polypropylene fibers markedly enhances the compressive strength and improves post-peak ductility, broadens the energy-dissipation pathways, and enables sustained absorption and dissipation of externally imposed impact energy during the post-peak failure stage. Based on the energy dissipation theory, a FIMI-Lite impact-mitigation evaluation framework comprising five indices (energy dissipation ratio, dynamic toughness index, residual load-bearing ratio, brittleness index, and equivalent vibration isolation coefficient) was proposed to quantitatively characterize the impact-mitigation performance of cemented fill materials. Comparative analyses show that fiber-toughened fills outperform the conventional counterparts across all indices, with the fiber-toughened fill at n=0.4 achieving the highest comprehensive FIMI-Lite score. SEM observations reveal that an appropriate gradation promotes the formation of a dense load-bearing skeleton, whereas the incorporation of fibers conduces to constructing a three-dimensional "particle-cementitious matrix-fiber" network. The synergy of these two factors refines the pore structure, retards crack propagation, and enables stepwise energy absorption and progressive release. The above microstructural findings establish a mechanistic linkage to the macroscopic impact-mitigation performance. The proposed approach provides a scientific basis for optimizing the design of coal-based cemented fill materials and for preventing and controlling coal burst hazards in deep coal mining.

coal-based solid wastes  /  rock burst  /  impact-mitigation control  /  FIMI-Lite  /  SEM  /  energy dissipation
来兴平, 王鑫哲, 曹建涛, 胥海东, 崔峰, 单鹏飞, 张帅. 基于FIMI-Lite指数的煤基充填材料冲击缓释机理与增韧定量表征评价研究. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2026 , 8 (2) : 023051-1 -023051-19 . DOI: 10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451
Xingping LAI, Xinzhe WANG, Jiantao CAO, Haidong XU, Feng CUI, Pengfei SHAN, Shuai ZHANG. Impact-mitigation mechanisms and quantitative toughening evaluation of coal-based cemented fill materials based on the FIMI-Lite index[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2026 , 8 (2) : 023051-1 -023051-19 . DOI: 10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451
煤矿开采受地质构造复杂化和开采深度的双重影响, 采场围岩应力集中、能量积聚加剧, 从而诱发冲击地压灾害。冲击地压的发生是煤岩体冲击倾向性与外部应力环境共同作用的结果[15]。传统防冲措施普遍存在作用时效短、工程成本高等问题[68], 其减冲效果往往依赖外结构承载能力而非材料自身能力, 难以从根本上调控能量传递与释放过程, 且难以适应深部矿山安全开采的新需求。在“双碳”战略与绿色矿山建设背景下[911], 充填开采已成为推动绿色矿山低碳发展的重要手段。通过合理调控充填体内部结构, 使其具备良好的耗能能力和延性特征, 被认为是实现冲击缓释、提高煤炭资源回收率并促进固废资源高效利用的核心途径。充填材料的减冲调控作用机理, 直接关系到充填开采的安全性、科学性和高效性[1215]。因此, 构建具备冲击缓释能力的高性能充填体, 对于保障煤矿安全、推动绿色低碳发展具有重要意义。
近年来, 充填开采作为一种绿色、安全、可持续的开采方式备受重视。通过在采空区回填人工充填体, 不仅可以置换煤柱承载顶板、减少大面积采空区垮落, 还能分散采场应力、抑制冲击能量集中。目前国内外学者围绕胶结充填体承载效能与结构稳定性的提升开展了系统研究, 为充填体在采空区承担围岩载荷、实现“替代煤柱”提供了坚实基础。已有工作在受载条件与强度演化层面揭示了围压约束、胶结材料用量及龄期对充填体峰值承载与变形特征的主控作用, 并从裂纹扩展与能量转化角度解释了受载失稳过程[1619]; 在破坏演化与损伤表征方面, 分层效应、声发射响应及损伤本构被用于刻画裂纹萌生−扩展−贯通的峰后演化路径, 强调残余承载与峰后稳定性对采场长期支护的重要意义[2022]; 在材料组成与颗粒结构调控维度方面, 灰砂比、料浆浓度及连续级配优化被证明可通过改善孔隙结构、构建致密承载骨架而显著提升宏观强度与变形协调性[2327]。现有研究从受载、破坏与结构调控3条主线较充分回答了“如何获得更高承载与结构稳定性以服务替代煤柱”的工程问题, 也为本文配比参数与试验工况的设定提供了范围约束与方法参照。
然而深部冲击地压背景下采场稳定控制的主控关键已由单纯“承载能力”转向“冲击能量的缓释与峰后韧化调控”。现有研究关于多因素配比调控下充填体受载全过程能量演化与减冲效应之间的耦合关系仍缺乏系统认识: 相关研究虽涉及能量耗散或裂纹演化, 但多作为强度及破坏判据的辅助解释, 尚未形成将室内试验数据转换为减冲调控综合量化指标的统一评价框架; 颗粒级配优化与纤维增韧对能量耗散路径与宏观减冲能力提升的链式作用亦缺少连贯表征。
基于此, 本文从材料设计和结构调控角度出发, 以煤矸石为主要骨料, 以粉煤灰和水泥为胶结剂, 结合不同粒径级配与纤维增韧等手段, 开展了胶结充填材料的室内力学试验, 分析其力学特性影响规律, 并构建科学的综合评价指标, 系统揭示了煤基固废胶结充填体材料的冲击缓释机理, 从而为充填开采减冲调控设计与材料优选提供理论支撑。
胶结充填材料主要由煤矸石、粉煤灰、水泥和水组成, 并引入聚丙烯纤维作为增韧组分, 如图1所示。煤矸石取自陕北某煤矿, 作为主要骨料, 其强度高于原煤且碳含量较低。粉煤灰取自榆神矿区某电厂, 主要含空心微珠、玻璃体及石英等矿物成分, 具有良好的胶结活性。水泥采用符合GB 175—2007标准的普通硅酸盐水泥(P·O 42.5)[2829], 其水化反应对胶结充填体结构和强度发展起关键作用。聚丙烯纤维增韧材料长度约为16 mm, 直径约为18 μm, 抗拉强度约为400 MPa, 其桥联与拉拔耗能作用对充填体抗裂增韧与峰后耗能提升有重要影响。
应用X射线衍射法(XRD)对所采集的主要骨料煤矸石进行矿物组成成分分析, 测试结果如图2所示。为分析胶结材料微观结构, 通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对试验粗、细骨料进行观测, 如图3所示。
图2所示的XRD图谱可知, 将试验结果与分析标准进行对比, 作为主要骨料的煤矸石的矿物组成中主要有石英(Q)、方解石(C)、蒙脱石(S)、长石(F), 还含有少量的块磷铝矿(Be)、高岭石(K)和其他的矿物成分(M)。其中, 石英(Q)含量占比最高, 在提高材料强度和骨架支撑方面起到关键作用。方解石(C)中含有碳和氧化钙, 可在碱性条件下微溶于水后重结晶, 有助于填充微观孔隙, 但敏感于酸性环境。蒙脱石(S)和高岭石(K)等黏土矿物具有显著的亲水性和膨胀性, 前者遇水易膨胀, 产生膨胀应力导致裂隙萌生; 后者则遇水软化, 降低骨料与胶结材料界面的粘结强度。这些因素易诱发材料发生水解风化现象, 从而劣化煤基胶结充填体后期强度。
细骨料的混合有效改善了粗骨料内部劣性黏土矿物对煤基充填体强度的劣化程度。由图3(a)可知, 煤矸石颗粒具有不规则、粗糙的表面结构, 呈现较大的比表面积。此类粗糙表面将为胶结剂提供更大的结合面, 有助于增强材料的粘结力, 进而提高充填体的整体结构强度。粉煤灰颗粒则呈现相对平滑、外表弧度高的形态, 表面特征呈现较为稳定、惰性的特征, 但其在与水泥的水化反应下可提供胶结性能; 图3(b)放大展示了粗粉煤灰颗粒, 这些颗粒较大的不规则形状显示出较低的反应活性, 但其分布与煤矸石颗粒相互交织, 在微观层面上形成了更加稳定的骨架结构。上述结构有助于减少充填体内部的孔隙, 进而优化提升充填材料的致密性和强度。
基于上述矿物材料组成及微观结构分析, 煤矸石和粉煤灰的相互作用可有效优化充填材料的微观结构。粗细颗粒的相互搭配不仅提高了颗粒间的结合力, 还使得充填体在宏观层面表现出更好的承载能力, 从而验证了本次试验材料的可行性。
试验首先研究不同胶结充填骨料颗粒级配、灰泥比及养护龄期(三因素多水平)对常规煤基固废充填材料力学特性的影响规律, 从而为减冲调控指标的构建提供数据支撑。为减小试验误差和降低数据离散性, 每组试样设置对照试验3次。
根据影响充填材料强度主要因素(骨料颗粒级配、灰泥比和养护龄期), 在煤矸石胶结充填工程常用配比的基础上, 结合前述学者关于胶结配比与强度演化的研究结果及相关工程应用文献研究成果[3031], 优先控制骨胶比与料浆浓度在现场常用范围内, 设计骨胶比为2∶1, 料浆浓度选用80%, 以兼顾泵送性和包裹性。灰泥比的设计参考比例宜选取工程常用中等水平、避免极端胶结材料用量的结论[23, 25], 并结合煤矸石颗粒表面粗糙、比表面积较大的特征, 将灰泥比按梯度设计为1.5∶1、2.5∶1、3.5∶1, 分别对应常用配比区间内的偏低、典型和偏高水平; 为达到映射实际工程中充填体残余承载的典型时间节点的目的, 将养护龄期设计为7、14和28 d 3个周期, 对应水泥基材料早期、水化致密化及强度基本稳定3个阶段。
最大密度曲线理论认为不同粒径大小的骨料经合理搭配后密度和孔隙率均会得到优化, 公式表达为
$ {P}_{x}={\left(\frac{d}{D}\right)}^{n}\text{×}100\text{% } $
式中, $ {P}_{x} $为颗粒级配的累计筛选百分比; $ d $为煤矸石某一粒径, mm; $ D $为最大粒径, mm; $ n $为Talbot指数, 一般取0.2~0.8。因此, 本文在区间内选取$ n $=0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8等4个代表性水平, 以覆盖由偏细到偏粗的典型级配形式。
试验选取的煤矸石最大粒径为30 mm, 分为0~0.5、0.5~1、1~2.5、2.5~5、5~10、10~20、20~30 mm等7个粒级, 根据式(1)计算各粒级下的筛下通过率, 结果见表1, 并绘制不同n对应的目标粒径级配曲线, 如图4所示。
试样尺寸为70.7 mm×70.7 mm×70.7 mm, 本次常规充填体试样密度为2 675 kg/m3, 试样质量为936.25 g, 骨料、灰泥、水的质量分数分别为53%、27%、20%。因素−水平框架图如图5所示, 常规充填试样具体试验配比方案见表2
为测试充填材料力学特性, 对制备且养护完成的试样开展单轴压缩试验。矸石充填材料试样制备流程如图6所示, 具体制备步骤如下。
(1)料浆制备。将煤矸石固废材料进行破碎, 并通过振筛器筛出符合试验要求的粒径范围; 根据表1中的试验配比方案, 确定料浆浓度、骨胶比和灰泥比, 按比例称取矸石骨料、粉煤灰、水泥和水, 使用砂浆搅拌器充分混合, 确保各组分均匀分散。
(2)试样浇筑。在边长为70.7 mm的模具内部涂抹均匀的润滑油, 以确保试样脱模顺利; 随后, 利用引流棒将均匀混合的料浆引入模具中, 通过振动台将模具内的空气排除, 从而减少试样内部孔隙。
(3)脱模及打磨。在料浆浇筑完成后, 静置24 h待其初凝, 然后进行脱模操作; 脱模后的试件上下端面需用磨平机进行打磨, 以满足平整度要求。
(4)养护水化。根据试验设计的养护龄期, 将脱模后的试件置于恒温恒湿养护箱中进行养护; 养护环境温度控制在(20±2)℃, 相对湿度保持在92%~95%之间, 确保试件在规范条件下充分水化。
本次单轴压缩试验在西安科技大学西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室SAS-2000多场耦合岩体动态三轴加载试验机上进行, 试验采用位移控制方式加载, 加载速度为0.3 mm/min。试样微观结构扫描通过SEM扫描电子显微镜完成。相关测试设备布置如图7所示。
基于单轴压缩室内试验结果, 从颗粒级配指数、灰泥比和养护龄期等方面, 分析各因素对充填材料力学特性的影响规律。
为探讨矸石颗粒级配及养护龄期对胶结充填材料力学特性的影响, 需固定灰泥比, 料浆浓度恒定, Talbot指数选取0.2、0.4、0.6、0.8, 养护龄期为7、14、28 d。选取各组试验结果中具有代表性的数据(力学参数指标取该组平行试样的算术平均值, 应力−应变曲线则选取峰值强度和初始弹性模量同时最接近平均值的试样作为代表), 如图8所示。骨料粒径级配对充填材料抗压强度的影响呈现先增后减的趋势。随着矸石粒径级配指数Talbot从0.2增加至0.6, 充填材料的抗压强度逐步提高, 在n=0.6时达到最大值8.51 MPa。而当n=0.8时, 抗压强度回落至4.56 MPa, 呈现出明显的倒“U”形变化趋势。随着养护龄期的延长, 充填材料的强度显著提升, 尤其是在7~14 d和14~28 d之间, 强度增加幅度最大。具体来说, 随着养护时间从7 d增加至28 d, 充填材料的强度从2.66 MPa增加至8.51 MPa, 增幅达到2.19倍, 显示出养护时间对强度提升的关键作用。以养护龄期为28 d为例, 当颗粒级配指数n=0.2时, 抗压强度为4.86 MPa; 当n=0.4时, 抗压强度为6.53 MPa, 提升了34.4%; 当n=0.6时, 抗压强度为8.51 MPa, 较n=0.2时增加75%; 而当n=0.8时, 抗压强度降至4.56 MPa, 较n=0.6降低了46%。从而表明, 合理的骨料粒径级配和适当的养护龄期对充填材料的强度提升起到了决定性作用, 尤其在14~28 d范围内, 强度提升幅度较大, 各Talbot指数下试样强度分别提升了44.9%、44.0%、42.2%、28.1%。这一阶段由于胶结充填材料在初期水化反应后, 伴随时间推移, 水泥和粉煤灰等胶结剂的水化产物逐渐填充骨料间的空隙, 从而增强了充填材料的内部胶结结构和抗压能力。
n=0.6的充填试样为例, 其各阶段养护龄期下力学特性及破坏形式如图9所示。可以看出, 3种养护龄期下的充填试样在破坏时主要以“X”型共轭剪切破坏和张拉破坏为主。单轴抗压强度最低的7 d试样完全以剪切破坏为主, 边角起裂现象极为显著, 破碎程度极高; 14 d试样裂隙中部开始出现次生裂纹, 呈现拉剪混合的破坏模式; 28 d试样仅有边角小部分碎块掉落, 表现为张拉破坏为主导的形式, 在达到峰值强度后仍具备较好的承载能力。
综上所述, 合理的粒径级配和适当的养护龄期有助于提高矸石充填材料的整体力学性能。n=0.6、养护龄期为28 d时的试样抗压强度和整体力学特性达到最佳状态, 表现出最佳的抗压性能和延展性。
灰泥比直接影响了充填体的胶结效果。经调研及计算, 本次试验充填材料灰泥比值分别设置为1.5∶1、2.5∶1和3.5∶1, 充填材料中水泥材料占比不低于总质量的6%, 不高于总质量的10%。水泥与粉煤灰材料占比对抗压强度的影响规律如图10所示。
图10可知, 除养护龄期7 d外, 试样强度均随材料中水泥含量占比的增加(即灰泥比减小)呈现先升高后降低的趋势, 呈现倒“U”形趋势。具体而言, 在7 d龄期内, 体系强度主要由水泥熟料矿物的水化产物提供, 粉煤灰反应尚处于诱导期, 尚未充分参与致密强度结构的形成[3233]。因此, 随着水泥掺量的提高, 早期C-S-H凝胶和Ca(OH)2生成量增加, 浆体−骨料界面逐渐致密化, 使得7 d抗压强度随水泥含量增加呈单调提升趋势, 强度从1.09 MPa增至3.23 MPa, 体现为对材料抗压强度起到正向补强的影响; 而养护14 d时, 抗压强度表现出较为明显的峰值, 约为4.03 MPa, 在灰泥比为2.5时达到最高, 随后略有下降。养护28 d试样, 抗压强度达到峰值4.84 MPa, 且在灰泥比为2.5时, 强度表现最优, 较灰泥比为1.5和3.5时分别提高了约18%和20%。从图中平行试验标准差误差条来看, 随着养护龄期的增加, 材料的抗压强度误差逐渐减小, 试验结果的离散性有所收敛, 表明试样的力学性能随着养护龄期推移更加稳定。灰泥比过小时, 水泥含量较高, 浆体流动性不足, 导致骨料分布不均匀, 从而限制了强度的发展; 而灰泥比过大时, 水泥用量不足, 浆体胶结性下降, 试样整体性减弱, 抗压强度亦出现明显衰减。由此可见, 灰泥比存在最优区间。当充填材料中水泥含量占比达到一定程度时, 其水化反应速率逐渐增加; 当水泥含量较低时, 其水化反应不充分导致充填材料强度较低。
综合来看, 常规充填体的抗压强度及变形特征主要受Talbot颗粒指数、灰泥比及养护龄期的协同影响。合理的Talbot指数(n=0.6)、适当的灰泥比(2.5∶1)及充分的养护龄期(28 d)可显著提升充填材料的强度。然而, 受限于煤矸石主骨料内部的劣性黏土等矿物成分, 其后期发生水解风化现象将对充填材料强度、耐久性等性能产生影响, 这种影响可视为明确的、不可逆的负面劣化过程。因此, 有必要对常规充填材料开展增韧改性, 以削弱水解风化引发的后期不可逆劣化对其强度与耐久性的影响。
鉴于常规充填材料脆性显著、延展性有待提升, 为改善其在复杂地应力及开采影响下抗压韧性差的问题、降低其脆性开裂等现象发生的概率, 借助聚丙烯纤维合成材料在强度、抗冲击等方面的优越性能开展增韧充填材料的力学特性试验研究。结合前期针对不同纤维质量分数(0.3%~0.9%)开展的预试验结果及查阅相关研究成果[3435], 如图11所示, 可以看出28 d养护增韧试样的单轴抗压强度随纤维掺量的增加呈现先增大后减小的趋势, 在0.6%时抗压强度达到最优。因此, 选取纤维占充填材料固体重量的0.6%作为本研究的代表性掺量。
为进一步增强充填材料的延展性及承载能力, 开展聚丙烯纤维对充填材料力学特性影响试验研究。基础试验表明, n=0.2与n=0.8级配下常规充填体试样力学特性分别对应强度偏低和脆性偏强的极端情况。因此, 整理分析28 d下, 灰泥比为2.5∶1, n=0.4、0.6这2种级配下的充填材料进行对比分析, 其应力−应变曲线($ \sigma $为单轴抗压强度, $ \varepsilon $为极限应变)如图12所示(0.4+代表增韧后目标颗粒级配为0.4的充填试样)。添加聚丙烯纤维后的充填试样的单轴抗压强度得到明显提升, 分别提升了26.1%和6.0%, 极限应变减小, 弹性模量增加, 曲线具备更明显的弹性阶段, 且峰后卸载过程中抗压强度下降速度明显趋缓。因此, 聚丙烯纤维对充填材料抗压强度的提高呈正向作用, 添加聚丙烯纤维后其抗压强度与骨料颗粒级配Talbot指数的增加呈正比, 这是由于随着骨料粒径的增大, 聚丙烯纤维与胶凝材料水化反应的产物更好地相互融合, 增强了骨料颗粒之间的黏聚力, 减小了充填材料内部的孔隙、裂隙, 提高了抗压强度。
通过上述分析可知, 聚丙烯纤维的掺入可显著提升充填材料强度与延展性, 并且延缓峰后破坏, 使得充填试样拥有更完整的应力−应变曲线, 提升了材料整体稳定性。
从能量角度来讲, 充填材料受力变形破坏是一个涉及能量输入、弹性应变能储存和能量耗散的连续过程, 荷载作用致使试样产生渐进损伤并最终触发宏观失稳破坏[3638]。根据热力学第一定律, 吸收的总应变能UT可以分解为存储的弹性应变能Ue和耗散能Ud。具体关系式为
$ U_{\mathrm{T}}=U\mathrm{_e}+U\mathrm{_d} $
充填材料在单轴压缩试验过程中吸收的总应变能为
$ {U}_{{\mathrm{T}}}=\int\nolimits_{0}^{{\varepsilon }_{{\mathrm{p}}}}\sigma (\varepsilon )\text{d}\varepsilon $
式中, $ \sigma\mathrm{_p} $为应力−应变曲线A点峰值应力, MPa; $ \varepsilon_{\mathrm{p}} $为峰值应力$ \sigma\mathrm{_p} $的对应的总应变。
通过应用广义胡克定律, 弹性应变能可由下式表示:
$ U\mathrm{_e}=\sigma_{\mathrm{p}}\varepsilon_{\mathrm{p}}^{\mathrm{e}}/2=\sigma_{\mathrm{p}}^2/2E_0 $
式中, $ \sigma\mathrm{_p} $为当前施加的应力, MPa; $ \varepsilon\mathrm{_p^e} $为峰值点的弹性应变; $ {E}_{0} $为初始弹性模量, GPa。
根据式(2)绘制试样受压过程中能量演化特征关系曲线, 如图13所示。峰值点A处下方的曲线形成的总面积为吸收总应变能UT, 图中蓝色部分为充填材料在弹性阶段存储的应变能Ue, 黄色部分为耗散能Ud
图13可以得出能量耗散比(ECR)公式:
$ \mathrm{ECR}=U_{\mathrm{d}}/U_{\mathrm{T}}=(U\mathrm{_T}-U\mathrm{_e})/U\mathrm{_T}\times100\text{%} $
结合式(3)和式(4), 矸石胶结充填材料强度劣化特征计算式为
$ {\mathrm{ECR}}=\frac{\displaystyle\int\nolimits_{0}^{{\varepsilon }_{{\mathrm{p}}}}\sigma (\varepsilon )\text{d}\varepsilon -\dfrac{\sigma _{{\mathrm{p}}}^{2}}{2{E}_{0}}}{\displaystyle\int\nolimits_{0}^{{\varepsilon }_{{\mathrm{p}}}}\sigma (\varepsilon )\text{d}\varepsilon }\times 100\text{% } $
式(2)~式(6)中所需参数均从单轴应力−应变曲线按统一规则提取。$ \sigma\mathrm{_p} $$ \varepsilon_{\mathrm{p}} $选取整个加载历程中应力达到曲线全过程最大值的点; 个别曲线在峰值附近出现轻微波动时, 需对原始数据进行一次简单滑动平均后再确定最大值。$ E $由曲线初始近线性段回归获得, 拟合区间取$ \sigma\approx(0.3 \sim 0.6)\sigma\mathrm{_p} $, 采用最小二乘法求得斜率作为其值。各能量项均在离散应力−应变数据通过数值积分计算, 统一使用梯形积分对$ \sigma -\varepsilon $曲线分段求积, 以达到直接处理采样间距不完全等距的数据目的。
图14表明平行试验力学响应具备良好的一致性, 据此, 图15展示了n = 0.4与n = 0.6这2种颗粒级配的常规充填试样, 以及n = 0.4聚丙烯纤维增韧充填试样在单轴压缩过程中的应力−应变及能量演化规律。其中, OA为初始压密阶段, AB为线弹性阶段, BC为塑性阶段, CD为峰后阶段。由图15可见, 不同级配及是否增韧对充填体在各阶段的能量积累、分配与释放方式影响显著, 是决定其冲击载荷缓释能力的关键因素。
对于常规充填体, n = 0.4试样吸收的总应变能约为0.064 2 kJ, 其中弹性应变能约0.049 0 kJ, 耗散能约0.014 9 kJ, 能量耗散比约为23%。虽然能量积累水平相对较高, 但可恢复的弹性能占比较大, 峰后阶段耗散能衰减较快, 难以持续分散外部荷载, 破坏过程仍表现出一定的脆性特征。相比之下, n = 0.6常规试样总能量约为0.038 5 kJ, 其中弹性应变能约0.034 0 kJ, 耗散能仅约0.004 6 kJ, 能量耗散比降至约12%。说明在较粗颗粒级配下, 输入能量更多地以弹性能形式聚集而非被有效耗散, 峰后能量释放更为集中, 不利于冲击能量的渐进消散。
纤维增韧后试样的能量演化规律得到明显优化。n = 0.4聚丙烯纤维增韧试样总应变能提升至约0.079 2 kJ, 较n = 0.4常规试样增加约23%, 较n = 0.6常规试样增加约106%; 其中弹性应变能约0.051 6 kJ, 耗散能约0.027 7 kJ, 耗散能分别约为n = 0.4和n = 0.6常规试样的1.9倍与6倍, 能量耗散比提高至约35%, 表明纤维不仅提升了充填体的能量承载上限, 更显著拓展了耗散通道, 使更多输入能量在峰后阶段以不可逆形式逐步释放。对应到应力–应变曲线, 峰后段应力下降过程明显平缓, 残余承载力较高, 破坏模式由突发脆断向渐进延性破坏转变, 从能量角度验证了纤维增韧对冲击缓释性能的增强作用。
综合来看, 合理的颗粒级配显著提高了充填体的能量存储与分配协调性, 而纤维改性进一步拓展了能量耗散通道, 使材料在峰后能够持续吸收与消耗外部冲击能量, 从而有效降低冲击地压的危险性。从能量演化视角验证了充填体通过提升耗散能力、延缓能量释放和增强峰后韧性来实现减冲效应, 上述结论也为后文FIMI-Lite减冲指标的计算及校核提供了宏观的数据支撑。
为全面评价骨料级配、灰泥比、养护龄期及纤维增韧等因素组合下充填材料在冲击地压防治中的缓释潜力, 本章在前述室内试验充填体力学特性和能量演化分析的基础上, 构建充填减冲调控综合指标FIMI-Lite (Filling Impact Mitigation Index-Lite), 对不同配比与增韧方案的减冲效能进行统一量化与对比评价, 并结合冲击倾向性判定结果对其工程实用性进行讨论。
FIMI-Lite的建立, 可将“材料室内试验力学特性”与“工程冲击防治需求”相关联, 该指标体系的构建基于充填体在受载全过程中“能量积聚−瞬态释放−峰后耗散”行为, 因此引入能量耗散比$ \psi $、动态韧性指数$ \tau $、残余承载比$ \rho $、脆性指数$ \beta $、等效隔振系数$ \kappa $作为核心评价参数。上述5项关键指标分别对应材料的能量吸收能力、峰后延展性、残余承载能力、破坏突发性及对冲击扰动的隔离作用, 能够全面地界定煤基充填体在减冲调控中缓释机制。前期对比分析中亦考察了峰后韧度、稳态延展率、破坏功等参数, 但其与能量耗散或脆性相关指标存在高度耦合, 敏感性和区分度低于最终选定的5项, 因此未纳入综合指标体系。
与现有评价体系相比, FIMI-Lite的定位与侧重点有所不同。现有关于充填体及围岩冲击风险的评价方法大致可分为3类: ①强度–刚度类指标体系。主要回答“材料能否承载以及能承载多久”, 对峰后耗能能力和能量释放路径反映不足; ②冲击倾向性判据。其评价对象侧重于煤岩体是否具有冲击危险, 难以刻画不同充填材料在“主动减冲、缓释能量”方面的性能差异; ③以破坏功、能量吸收率等单一能量指标, 或以强度、变形、能量等多指标为基础, 采用模糊综合评价、灰色关联分析等方法构建的多指标评价体系。这些方法在安全性评价方面具有一定效果, 但存在指标间物理含义交叉、耦合度高、难以形成专门面向减冲调控的系统框架等问题。相比之下, FIMI-Lite以单轴受载全过程能量演化为主线, 多维度构建减冲指标, 并通过层次分析法(AHP)结合敏感性分析确定统一权重, 在不增加额外试验手段的前提下, 实现了对不同配比与纤维增韧方案“减冲调控能力”的定量区分; 同时, FIMI-Lite可与冲击倾向性判定结果配合使用, 进一步实现由“被动防冲”向“材料主动缓释冲击”的评价视角转变。
(1)能量耗散比
能量耗散比用于表征材料在加载全过程中将输入应变能转化为不可逆耗散能的能力, 其值越高, 表明材料通过塑性变形、微裂隙扩展和损伤等机制吸收并消散外部冲击能量的能力越强。能量耗散比的计算基于应力–应变曲线下总应变能与弹性应变能的分解, 其具体表达式见式(5)。
(2)动态韧性指数
动态韧性指数用来衡量充填体峰后破坏的平缓程度, 其值越高说明峰后阶段验证性更好, 能有效避免突发失稳, 取峰后0.85$ {\sigma }_{{\mathrm{p}}} $段曲线面积为计算依据, 如下:
$ \tau =\int\nolimits_{{\varepsilon }_{{\mathrm{p}}}}^{{\varepsilon }_{0.85}}\sigma (\varepsilon )\text{d}\varepsilon /\frac{1}{2}{\sigma }_{{\mathrm{p}}}{\varepsilon }_{{\mathrm{p}}} $
式中, $ \tau $为动态韧性指数; $ \sigma_{\mathrm{p}} $为峰值应力, MPa; $ \varepsilon_{\mathrm{p}} $为峰值应变; $ {\varepsilon }_{0.85} $为应力降至$ 0.85\sigma\mathrm{_p} $时的应变。
(3)残余承载比
残余承载比表征充填体在峰后阶段仍能维持的承载能力, 其值越大表示充填体在峰后越不易发生二次失稳, 从而对采场结构起到保护作用。
$ \rho=\frac{\sigma\mathrm{_{res}}}{\sigma_{\mathrm{p}}} $
式中, $ \rho $为残余承载比; $ \sigma_{\mathrm{res}} $为峰后曲线末段10%~20%应变范围的应力均值, MPa
(4)脆性指数
脆性指数用来描述峰后软化速率与初始刚度的对比关系, 其值越大表示峰后破坏越突然、越脆性; 相反则表示破坏更为渐进。
$ s_{\mathrm{post}}=-\frac{\Delta\sigma}{\Delta\varepsilon}=-\frac{\sigma_{0.85}-\sigma\mathrm{_p}}{\varepsilon_{0.85}-\varepsilon\mathrm{_p}} $
$ \sigma_{0.85}=0.85\sigma\mathrm{_p} $
$ \beta=\frac{s_{\mathrm{post}}}{E} $
式中, $ s_{\mathrm{post}} $为应力−应变曲线峰后段的平均斜率;$ \beta $为脆性指数; $ E $为弹性模量, GPa。
(5)等效隔振系数
等效隔振系数采用初始弹性模量变化进而表征充填体对冲击荷载的瞬态隔离作用, 其值越大, 表示对扰动的隔振作用越强。
$ \kappa =1-\frac{{E}_{0}-{E}_{0,\min }}{{E}_{0,\max }-{E}_{0,\min }} $
式中, $ \kappa $为等效隔振系数; $ {E}_{0,\min } $$ {E}_{0,\max }$为本次研究所有试样初始弹性模量的最小值与最大值。
为避免上述指标量纲差异对综合评价指数的影响, 将各指标按正、逆向进行归一化处理。
对于正向指标(与减冲能力正相关, $ \psi $$ \tau $$ \rho $$ \kappa $):
$ {x}^{*}=\frac{{x}-\min (x)}{\max (x)-\min (x)} $
对于逆向指标(与减冲能力负相关, $ \beta $):
$ {\beta }^{*}=\frac{\max (\beta )-\beta }{\max (\beta )-\min (\beta )} $
将归一化后的5个指标按权重进行整合, 得到无量纲充填体综合减冲指数FIMI-Lite:
$ F={w}_{1}{\psi }^{*}+{w}_{2}{\tau }^{*}+{w}_{3}{\rho }^{*}+{w}_{4}{\kappa }^{*}+{w}_{5}{\beta }^{*} $
式中, F为综合减冲指数; $ {w}_{1} $$ {w}_{2} $$ {w}_{3} $$ {w}_{4} $$ {w}_{5} $分别为各指标权重系数; $ {\psi }^{*} $$ {\tau }^{*} $$ {\rho }^{*} $$ {\kappa }^{*} $$ {\beta }^{*} $分别为减冲5个指标的归一化无量纲值。
为确保FIMI-Lite指标体系的合理性, 对上述关键指标权重系数进行计算分配。
构建上述5个指标之间判断矩阵$ \boldsymbol{A} $
$ \boldsymbol{A}=\left[\begin{matrix}1 & {a}_{12} & {a}_{13} & {a}_{14} & {a}_{15}\\\dfrac{1}{{a}_{12}} & 1 & {a}_{23} & {a}_{24} & {a}_{25}\\\dfrac{1}{{a}_{13}} & \dfrac{1}{{a}_{23}} & 1 & {a}_{34} & {a}_{35}\\\dfrac{1}{{a}_{14}} & \dfrac{1}{{a}_{24}} & \dfrac{1}{{a}_{34}} & 1 & {a}_{45}\\\dfrac{1}{{a}_{15}} & \dfrac{1}{{a}_{25}} & \dfrac{1}{{a}_{35}} & \dfrac{1}{{a}_{45}} & 1\end{matrix}\right] $
式中, 元素$ {a}_{ij} $表示指标$ i $相对于指标$ j $的重要性比值。为提高判断矩阵赋分过程的透明度, 本文采用Saaty1–9标度进行两两比较, 具体见表3
赋分过程以减冲评价的实际关注点为导向, 结合5个指标在试验结果中的表现及其所反映的工程意义进行相对重要性判断, 并参照既有固废胶结充填与减冲评价研究中的常用取值范围与排序结论进行对照校核, 最终形成如下判断矩阵。5个指标间的判断矩阵为
$ \boldsymbol{A}=\left[\begin{matrix}1 & 1.20 & 1.50 & 2.00 & 3.00\\0.83 & 1 & 1.25 & 1.67 & 2.50\\0.67 & 0.80 & 1 & 1.33 & 2.00\\0.50 & 0.60 & 0.75 & 1 & 1.50\\0.33 & 0.40 & 0.50 & 0.67 & 1\end{matrix}\right] $
其中行列顺序依次为$ \psi $$ \tau $$ \rho $$ \beta $$ \kappa $
通过AHP方法计算判断矩阵最大特征值和对应的特征向量。
$ \det (\boldsymbol{A}-\lambda \boldsymbol{I})=0 $
式中, $ \boldsymbol{A} $为判断矩阵; $ \boldsymbol{I} $为单位矩阵; $ \lambda $为特征值。
通过求解特征值方程, 可以得到矩阵的最大特征值, 进而计算特征向量, 即权重向量。
$ {\text{ω}}=\frac{{\boldsymbol{v}}}{\sum {\boldsymbol{v}}_i}$
式中, ${\text{ω}}$为最终权重向量, 表征各指标相对于其他指标的重要性; $ {\boldsymbol{v}} $为通过归一化得到的特征向量。
为确保判断矩阵的合理性, 进行一致性检验。计算一致性指标[39]
$ \mathrm{CI}=\frac{\lambda_{\max}-n^*}{n^*-1} $
式中, CI为一致性指标; $ {n}^{*} $为判断矩阵维度($ {n}^{*}=5 $); $ {\lambda }_{\max } $为最大特征值。
求解得到一致性指标后, 进一步计算一致性比率[39]
$ \mathrm{CR=\frac{CI}{RI}} $
式中, CR为一致性比率; $ \mathrm{RI} $为随机一致性指数。若$ \mathrm{CR}<0.1 $, 则判断矩阵一致性可被接受。
由式(18)~式(21)计算得到矩阵最大特征值$ {\lambda }_{\max }=5.08 $, 一致性指标$ \mathrm{CI}=0.02 $, 一致性比率$ \mathrm{CR}=0.02<0.10 $, 判断矩阵满足一致性要求。
在使用AHP法得到初步权重后, 开展敏感性分析。通过对权重进行微小扰动, 观察FIMI-Lite综合指数$ F $的变化, 评估各指标对最终综合评价的影响。综合指数计算公式见式(15), 扰动后综合指数变化量计算公式如下:
$ \begin{aligned}\Delta F&=F(\Delta {\omega }_{1},\Delta {\omega }_{2},\Delta {\omega }_{3},\Delta {\omega }_{4},\Delta {\omega }_{5})\\& -F({\omega }_{1},{\omega }_{2},{\omega }_{3},{\omega }_{4},{\omega }_{5})\end{aligned} $
式中, $ \Delta {\omega }_{i} $为扰动幅度。如扰动后结果波动较小, 则说明权重分配具备较好的鲁棒性和稳定性; $ F(\Delta {\omega }_{i}) $为扰动后的综合指数; $ F({\omega }_{i}) $为原始综合指数。
通过AHP法与敏感性分析综合计算后, 最终计算权重分配结果为0.30、0.25、0.20、0.15、0.10, 且和为1。
上述各指标分别从能量吸收、峰后延展性能、残余承载能力、破坏渐进属性及抗冲击隔离多维度刻画勾勒充填体的减冲调控性能, 并引入FIMI-lite体系实现全面量化, 进而判定充填体在减冲调控方面的综合能力。
为提高分析的准确性, 选用养护龄期28 d, 灰泥比为2.5∶1的常规充填试样及聚丙烯纤维增韧后的试样进行对应指标计算, 计算结果见表4
根据表4数据绘制FIMI-Lite指标变化曲线图, 如图16所示。从图16可以看出, 不同试样在5个减冲指标上表现出明显差异, 整体呈现出“纤维增韧显著增强、级配适中最优”的规律。能量耗散比$ \psi $n=0.4且掺入纤维时达到最高值, 表明纤维能够显著提升充填体吸收和耗散冲击能量的能力; 当颗粒级配过粗或过细时, 耗散效果明显减弱, 说明不合理级配会削弱耗能效果。动态韧性指数$ \tau $曲线显示, 纤维的加入使峰后应力下降过程明显平缓, 峰后韧性显著提升; 在未增韧组中, n=0.6试样表现最优。残余承载比$ \rho $同样在纤维改性组达到最大, 说明纤维增韧后充填体在峰后阶段仍能保持较高的承载能力, 有利于避免二次失稳。脆性指数$ \beta $则呈现相反趋势, 纤维改性组整体处于最低水平, 破坏模式由突发脆断转为渐进延性破坏; 常规组中, n=0.6的脆性相对较小, 而n=0.2和n=0.8较高。等效隔振系数$ \kappa $方面, 纤维改性组普遍高于常规组, 说明纤维可降低材料的瞬态刚度, 增加可控变形, 从而提高对冲击波的隔离与缓冲作用。总体来看, 纤维改性在各项性能上均表现出明显优势, 而常规组中n=0.6充填体综合表现最好, 进一步验证了合理颗粒级配对提升冲击缓释能力的重要性。
通过对上述指标进行归一化处理并赋予合理权重后, 绘制得到综合减冲指标FIMI-Lite热力矩阵图, 如图17所示, 以统一评价不同充填体减冲的综合性能。由图17可知, FIMI-Lite指数在不同颗粒级配及纤维增韧组合下差异显著, 表现为“纤维+合理级配”的优势区间。进行纤维增韧的充填体FIMI-Lite指数高达1.0, 纤维的加入增强了充填体的冲击缓释能力。在级配指数较低的区间, 指数增长幅度最明显, 说明纤维在改善细颗粒结构体系中作用突出; 而当级配指数超过0.6后, 整体指数出现下降, 说明颗粒级配过粗会削弱纤维桥联作用及整体结构稳定性。综合来看, n=0.4且配合纤维增韧条件可形成最优缓释体系, 实现能量的高效吸收与渐进释放。
通过FIMI-Lite指数的综合评价, 不仅清晰揭示了纤维改性和合理级配的叠加优势, 也为工程中选择合适的充填材料提供了可靠依据, 为冲击地压防治的充填减冲设计提供了理论支持。
FIMI-Lite综合指数揭示了不同充填体在室内试验条件下对荷载的缓释能力, 但其工程适用性需借助冲击倾向性指标进行判定, 因此通过GB/T 25217.2—2010对煤基充填材料进行冲击倾向性判定。
参考前述单轴压缩试验测定的单轴抗压强度及动态破坏时间数据结果, 并对增韧前后不同颗粒级配的充填材料进行循环加卸载试验(加载至0.7$ \sigma\mathrm{_p} $后卸载至0.05$ \sigma\mathrm{_p} $, 二次加载至0.8$ \sigma\mathrm{_p} $直至试样破坏), 通过测定结果计算弹性能量指数及冲击能量指数, 并对冲击充填体冲击倾向性结果进行判定, 结果见表5
结果表明, 所有充填材料试样的单轴抗压强度均小于7 MPa, 动态破坏时间大于500 ms, 且冲击能量指数远低于煤岩体标准值, 整体判定为I类(无冲击倾向性)。其中, 部分常规材料在弹性能量指数上表现为弱冲击类别, 但仍明显低于原始煤体。纤维增韧不仅未增加冲击倾向, 反而通过提高韧性和耗能能力, 使峰后破坏更加平缓。
综上所述, 本研究中煤基充填材料自身不具备冲击倾向性, 可安全替代煤柱用于充填开采。同时结合FIMI-Lite综合指标对比分析, 合理配比及增韧下的充填材料不仅不会成为新的冲击源, 还能主动吸收和耗散采场应力能量, 双重作用下可有效减小冲击地压事故发生的概率, 实现了良好的减冲调控效果。
SEM现已广泛用于材料研发和调参优化[4041], 可从微观角度验证不同因素对充填体材料内部结构的调控作用, 进而揭示充填材料缓释冲击地压作用的本质机理。图1819分别为不同颗粒级配下常规充填材料及较优级配下纤维增韧材料放大一万倍的断口微观形貌及裂纹路径局部放大图像。
随着级配指数的增加, 充填材料的微观结构整体上由松散向相对致密演化。n=0.2(图18(a))时结构较为松散, 内部存在大量微孔洞与微裂隙, 孔隙相互贯通, 骨料间胶结不充分, 水泥水化产物分布不均, 与矸石颗粒之间形成明显的弱界面, 导致整体强度偏低。n=0.4(图18(b))时, 矸石骨料被胶结材料较好包裹, 颗粒之间的界面逐渐清晰, 内部结构由松散转向密实, 充填体抗压强度明显提高, 峰后破坏过程得到延缓。进一步增加级配指数至n=0.6 (图18(c)), 基体孔隙进一步被填充, 骨料与水化产物结合紧密, 形成连续承载骨架与较为均匀的基体, 相应宏观表现为峰值强度与延性达到较优状态。继续增大至n=0.8(图18(d)), 可观察到基体局部致密性进一步增强, 但粗骨料骨架相对削弱, 体系更多依赖浆体及界面过渡区承载, 变形协调性和应力重分布能力降低, 受载时更易发生脆性失稳, 从而使宏观峰值强度较n = 0.6略有回落。综上, 在n=0.4~0.6范围内时, 微观结构表现为“致密且保持一定骨架与变形余量”, 有助于提高承载力并分散冲击载荷, 从而在FIMI-Lite中$ \psi $$ \tau $等缓释冲击指标表现突出。
图19所示, n=0.4改性试样(图19(a))中, 纤维在基体中分散不均, 部分纤维呈束状分布, 未能与水化产物充分结合, 界面结合力不足, 在压缩过程中易出现纤维脱落现象, 虽然局部形成了桥联作用, 但整体效果有限, 承载力提升幅度不大。相比之下, n=0.6改性试样(图19(b))中, 纤维分布均匀, 并与水化产物形成致密的网状结构, 有效填充孔隙并连接骨料, 构建起“颗粒−胶结物−纤维”的三维连续网络。这种结构不仅显著提高了试样的致密性和抗压强度, 还在峰后阶段提供稳定的桥联作用, 使残余承载力$ \rho $和峰后韧性$ \tau $大幅增加。由此可见, 纤维的减冲作用依赖于其分布均匀度和界面结合强度, 合理级配为纤维提供了良好的嵌固环境, 使其与骨料和胶结物高效协同, 进而显著降低脆性指数$ \beta $, 提高能量耗散比$ \psi $和隔振系数$ \kappa $, 实现优异的冲击缓释性能。
由此可见, 随着充填体微观结构的演化, 特别是结构致密化, 材料的力学性能与微观结构之间的关系变得更加紧密。微观结构的优化通过多种机制显著影响FIMI-Lite的5个指标。随着微观结构的致密化, 微裂纹和孔隙的数量显著减少, 骨料与水泥水化产物之间的结合更加紧密, 这减少了能量的瞬时释放通道。致密的结构促进了更多的内部摩擦和微变形, 这使得材料能够更有效地吸收和耗散外部冲击能量, 从而显著增加了能量耗散比。此外, 致密结构通过减少材料内部空隙, 优化了冲击能量的转化路径, 进一步增强了材料的缓释效果。随着微观结构的优化, 材料的孔隙度降低, 裂纹扩展受到有效抑制。致密化的结构使得充填体能够承受更大的应力而不发生脆性破坏, 进而显著提高了残余承载力。致密结构不仅提高了承载能力, 还增强了材料的抗裂能力, 确保材料在动态负荷下的稳定性, 从而提升了充填体的整体承载能力和韧性。
结构的致密化还使材料的微观结构变得更加均匀, 限制了裂纹的扩展与贯穿, 促使破坏模式从脆性破坏转向延性破坏。这种变化显著降低了脆性指数, 并提高了材料的延展性和可靠性。致密的颗粒排列和纤维网络有效地减缓了裂纹的扩展, 且为纤维提供了良好的“锚固”环境, 使裂纹扩展变得更加缓慢, 延性破坏得以抑制, 进一步提高了充填体的韧性。
在微观结构的致密化过程中, 孔隙分布的优化和颗粒级配的改善使得材料的空隙减少, 从而显著提高了充填体对外部振动的隔离能力。致密结构通过减少振动的传递路径增强了材料的隔振能力, 使得冲击能量能够更有效地被材料内部吸收和消散, 进一步增强了材料的抗冲击能力。微观结构的致密化通过减少裂纹的数量和扩展路径, 提高了材料的延展性, 尤其在高应变率条件下, 改性后的材料通过纤维与骨架的协同作用提高了动态韧性。致密化结构为材料提供了更多的微观接触面, 增加了材料的变形能力和能量吸收路径, 从而在动态加载下表现出更强的吸能性能和延展性, 显著提高了充填材料在载荷条件下的稳定性和抗损伤能力。
为更好地揭示颗粒粒径与充填材料强度间的关系, 基于代表性试样的颗粒级配曲线和SEM观测结果, 概括绘制了不同级配条件下矸石粒径分布与胶凝材料赋存特征的示意图, 如图20所示。分析可知增加矸石含量或单纯增大颗粒粒径并不能无限提高强度。颗粒粒径过大时, 水化不充分、孔隙增多, 削弱胶结作用, 使破坏更趋脆性; 而合理级配则能使水化产物均匀填充骨料间隙, 形成致密稳定的骨架结构, 显著增强承载力并促进能量耗散。2.1节中n=0.6宏观破裂也表明其在压缩时多表现为典型“X”形剪切破坏, 而掺入纤维后, 桥联作用抑制裂纹扩展, 使破坏模式由脆性失稳转为延性渐进破坏, 这一转变与FIMI-Lite各指标趋势高度吻合, 从微观尺度验证了纤维增韧对提高充填体抗冲击缓释能力的作用机制。
图21为微观结构演化−宏观减冲性能提升的关联路径。可以看出两者变化表现为高度一致。合理的颗粒级配优化可显著改善孔隙结构, 使胶结产物均匀分布于骨料间隙, 形成致密稳定的骨架结构, 为材料提供初始承载力并增加裂纹扩展路径, 从而提升能量耗散比$ \psi $和隔振系数$ \kappa $。引入聚丙烯纤维后, 纤维均匀分布于基体中并与水化产物紧密结合, 形成“颗粒−胶结物−纤维”的三维协同网络。该网络在外力作用下提供桥联作用, 阻止裂纹快速贯通, 促使破坏过程由突发型脆性失稳转变为渐进型延性破坏, 使峰后韧性$ \tau $和残余承载比$ \rho $显著提高, 同时降低脆性指数$ \beta $
综上所述, 颗粒级配与纤维增韧在微观层面各自发挥作用, 并在材料内部形成协同作用。颗粒级配控制整体骨架和孔隙结构, 奠定了材料力学特性; 纤维的掺入在充填体受载峰后阶段起到桥联作用, 延缓了破坏进程。二者协同作用抑制了裂纹扩展程度, 增加了能量耗散的路径, 从宏观上表现为FIMI-Lite综合指数的显著提升。
本文构建的FIMI-Lite评价指标体系以静态试验受载全过程能量演化为基础, 在煤基充填材料体系内能区分不同级配及纤维增韧方案的减冲差异, 且各指标均来源于常规单轴试验, 指标构架本身对材料类型具有一定的普适性, 后续将针对尾砂、页岩及不同粉煤灰掺量等固废体系, 标定关键参数取值范围并优化权重配置, 从而形成相应减冲评价数据库, 在无需对体系做实质性重构的基础上更深层次地实现在统一评价框架下对多种充填材料减冲性能的对比与拓展应用。
FIMI-Lite各指标均由同一应力−应变过程曲线派生, 能量耗散比、动态韧性指数与残余承载比在峰后阶段的物理内涵存在一定重叠, 脆性指数与等效隔振系数亦与初始刚度和软化速率相关, 指标之间难以完全独立。本文通过剔除物理意义交叉较强的候选指标, 采用统一的正逆向归一化形式, 并结合层次分析法及权重敏感性分析对权重进行了约束, 在现有试验条件下表现出较好的稳定性, 但指标间潜在耦合仍有进一步量化和约简的空间; 体系建立基于单轴静态加载, 未显式考虑三轴约束及动力扰动, 对复杂应力环境的表征尚属近似, 现阶段更适合作为实验室配比设计与材料优选阶段的减冲评价工具。与此同时, 本文关于“微观结构−能量耗散−宏观减冲性能”的关联主要依据SEM观测到的纤维桥联−界面黏结及孔隙形态特征, 并与宏观能量演化和FIMI-Lite指标变化进行对应分析, 当前结论侧重揭示三者之间的一致指向关系; 就证据层级而言, 若引入孔隙结构、纤维−基体界面作用及微裂纹耗能机制等关键定量参数, 可使该关联定量链条进一步深化。
后续将结合开展工程现场的动态监测数据信号, 从而构建FIMI-Lite与设计强度等级、可控变形量、充填体布置参数等工程量之间的对应关系, 并辅以相关分析、主成分分析等方法对指标体系进行数据驱动优化, 进一步提升其工程适用性和推广价值。
基于充填材料力学性能的多因素影响机制, 系统研究了煤基固废胶结充填体对冲击地压的减冲调控性能。通过力学试验、能量演化分析、冲击倾向性判定及电镜扫描, 建立了涵盖多维参数的充填体减冲调控FIMI-Lite综合评价指标, 实现了充填材料缓释冲击能力的定量描述, 搭建宏观减冲与微观结构的关联流程, 揭示了煤基充填材料在充填开采中的减冲调控机理, 得到以下结论:
(1)骨料级配、灰泥比和养护龄期对充填材料力学性能影响显著。抗压强度随龄期延长持续提升, 在28 d时达到峰值; 抗压强度随Talbot指数增加呈“先升后降”, 在n=0.6时最优; 灰泥比为2.5时强度最大。纤维增韧可使强度提高, 显著改善峰后延展性并抑制裂纹扩展。能量演化结果表明, 合理级配与纤维改性协同作用, 可实现“峰前储能—峰后缓释”, 显著增强冲击缓释能力。
(2)基于FIMI-Lite评价体系, 并结合冲击倾向性判定, 结果表明各类充填材料均无冲击倾向性, 且整体指标呈现出“纤维增韧显著增强、级配适中最优”的规律。其中, n=0.4的常规充填材料缓释冲击性能最高; 聚丙烯纤维增韧对充填试样缓释冲击性能有显著增强作用, 且n=0.4的增韧充填材料缓释综合指标最高。
(3)通过微观电镜扫描图像分析可知, 合理级配可使充填体形成致密骨架结构; 聚丙烯纤维的掺入则构建了更加稳定的“颗粒−胶结物−纤维”三维网络, 两者协同优化孔隙结构并延缓裂纹扩展, 实现能量的逐级吸收与渐进释放。微观结构与宏观减冲性能相互印证, 揭示了充填材料减冲性能的机制。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
1
钱鸣高. 20年来采场围岩控制理论和实践的回顾[J]. 中国矿业大 学学报, 2000, 19(1): 1−4.
QIAN Minggao. Review of the theory and practice of strata control around longwall face in recent 20 years[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2000, 19(1): 1−4.
2
谢和平. 深部高应力下的资源开采——现状、基础科学问题与展望[A]. 香山科学会议编. 科学前沿与未来(第六集)[C]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2002: 179−191.
XIE Heping. Resources development under high ground stress: present state, basic science problems and perspective[A]. Xiangshan Science Conference. Science Foreland and Future (Volume VI)[C]. Beijing: China Environment Science Press, 2002: 179−191.
3
来兴平, 徐李臻, 曹建涛, 等. 采动影响下临空巷道小煤柱失稳特征与调控方法[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2025, 53(1): 39−53.
LAI Xingping, XU Lizhen, CAO Jiantao, et al. Instability characteristic and control methods of small coal pillar in open roadway under the influence of mining[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2025, 53(1): 39−53.
4
来兴平, 贾冲, 胥海东, 等. 急倾斜深埋巨厚煤层掘巷冲击地压前兆特征及其灾害防治[J]. 煤炭学报, 2024, 49(1): 337−350.
LAI Xingping, JIA Chong, XU Haidong, et al. Precursory characteristic and disaster prevention of rock burst in roadway excavation in steeply inclined extra-thick coal seam[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(1): 337−350.
5
张帅, 来兴平, 曹建涛, 等. 采动围岩能量系统协同演化与韧性调控减冲评估体系构建研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2025(08): 184−192.
ZHANG Shuai, LAI Xingping, CAO Jiantao, et al. Study on co-evolution of energy system of mining surrounding rock and construction of impact reduction evaluation system for toughness regulation[J]. Metal Mine, 2025(08): 184−192.
6
窦林名, 田鑫元, 曹安业, 等. 我国煤矿冲击地压防治现状与难题[J]. 煤炭学报, 2022, 47(1): 152−171.
DOU Linming, TIAN Xinyuan, CAO Anye, et al. Present situation and problems of coal mine rock burst prevention and control in China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2022, 47(1): 152−171.
7
潘俊锋, 毛德兵, 蓝航, 等. 我国煤矿冲击地压防治技术研究现状及展望[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2013, 41(6): 21−25.
PAN Junfeng, MAO Debing, LAN Hang, et al. Study status and prospects of mine pressure bumping control technology in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2013, 41(6): 21−25.
8
齐庆新, 欧阳振华, 赵善坤, 等. 我国冲击地压矿井类型及防治方法研究[J]. 煤炭科学技术, 2014, 42(10): 1−5.
QI Qingxin, OUYANG Zhenhua, ZHAO Shankun, et al. Study on types of rock burst mine and prevention methods in China[J]. Coal Science and Technology, 2014, 42(10): 1−5.
9
谢和平, 张吉雄, 高峰, 等. 煤矿负碳高效充填开采理论与技术构想[J]. 煤炭学报, 2024, 49(1): 36−46.
XIE Heping, ZHANG Jixiong, GAO Feng, et al. Theory and technical conception of carbon-negative and high-efficient backfill mining in coal mines[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(1): 36−46.
10
王双明, 刘浪, 朱梦博, 等. “双碳”目标下煤炭绿色低碳发展新思路[J]. 煤炭学报, 2024, 49(1): 152−171.
WANG Shuangming, LIU Lang, ZHU Mengbo, et al. New way for green and low-carbon development of coal industry under the target of "dual-carbon"[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2024, 49(1): 152−171.
11
彭苏萍, 毕银丽. 黄河流域煤矿区生态环境修复关键技术与战略思考[J]. 煤炭学报, 2020, 45(4): 1211−1221.
PENG Suping, BI Yinli. Strategic consideration and core technology about environmental ecological restoration in coal mine areas in the Yellow River basin of China[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2020, 45(4): 1211−1221.
12
李庆文, 聂帆帆, 郑志明, 等. 碳纤维布约束下煤样力学性能与能量损伤本构关系[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2025, 7(4): 043028.
LI Qingwen, NIE Fanfan, ZHENG Zhiming, et al. Mechanical properties and energy damage constitutive relationship of coal samples confined by CFRP sheets[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2025, 7(4): 043028.
13
张俊文, 吴少康, 宋治祥, 等. 纤维种类及橡胶含量对矿用水泥基材料性能影响研究[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2024, 6(5): 053036.
ZHANG Junwen, WU Shaokang, SONG Zhixiang, et al. Study on the influence of fiber type and rubber content on the properties of cement-based materials for mining[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2024, 6(5): 053036.
14
李崧岳. 深部条带遗留煤柱冲击风险评价及充填开采降载减冲机理[D]. 淮南: 安徽理工大学, 2024.
LI Songyue. Evaluation for rockburst risk of remnant strip coal pillar in deep mining and mechanism of load-reduction and rock burst-control in backfilling mining[D]. Huainan: Anhui University of Science and Technology, 2024.
15
王家臣, 王兆会. 冲击地压矿井坚硬顶板工作面充填开采降载防冲机理及应用[J]. 中国煤炭, 2025, 51(1): 12−22.
WANG Jiachen, WANG Zhaohui. Load reduction and coal burst prevention mechanisms and application of backfilling mining in working face with hard roof in rock burst mine[J]. China Coal, 2025, 51(1): 12−22.
16
XU W B, WU W Y, LIU B. Effect of curing age, cement content and confining pressure on the saturated hydraulic conductivity and triaxial compressive behavior of cemented tailings backfill[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2023, 30(5): 1649−1661.
17
徐文彬, 陈伟. 不同倾角充−岩组合体三轴压缩力学特性及破坏特征[J]. 矿业科学学报, 2023, 8(5): 633−641.
XU Wenbin, CHEN Wei. The triaxial compressive mechanical properties and failure characteristics of backfill-rock combined bodies with different interface angles[J]. Journal of Mining Science and Technology, 2023, 8(5): 633−641.
18
XU W B, LIU B, WU W Y. Strength and deformation behaviors of cemented tailings backfill under triaxial compression[J]. Journal of Central South University, 2020, 27(12): 3531−3543.
19
夏雨, 卢爱红. 连续级配高强胶结充填体力学特性及破坏特征分析[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2023, 5(1): 013037.
XIA Yu, LU Aihong. Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of continuously graded high-strength cemented backfill[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2023, 5(1): 013037.
20
曹帅, 薛改利, 宋卫东. 组合胶结充填体力学特性试验与应用研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2019, 36(3): 601−608.
CAO Shuai, XUE Gaili, SONG Weidong. Experimental research on mechanical properties of combined cemented tailings backfill and its application[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering, 2019, 36(3): 601−608.
21
程爱平, 董福松, 张玉山, 等. 单轴压缩胶结充填体裂纹扩展及汇集模式[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2021, 50(1): 50−59.
CHENG Aiping, DONG Fusong, ZHANG Yushan, et al. Crack propagation and convergence mode of cemented backfill under uniaxial compression[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2021, 50(1): 50−59.
22
程爱平, 董福松, 舒鹏飞, 等. 连续级配胶结充填体力学特性及声发射特征[J]. 华中科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2021, 49(8): 46−52.
CHENG Aiping, DONG Fusong, SHU Pengfei, et al. Mechanical properties and acoustic emission characteristics of continuous graded cemented backfill[J]. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science Edition), 2021, 49(8): 46−52.
23
赵康, 黄明, 严雅静, 等. 不同灰砂比尾砂胶结充填材料组合体力学特性及协同变形研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(S1): 2781−2789.
ZHAO Kang, HUANG Ming, YAN Yajing, et al. Mechanical properties and synergistic deformation characteristics of tailings cemented filling assembled material body with different cement-tailings ratios[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 40(S1): 2781−2789.
24
魏晓明, 郭利杰, 周小龙, 等. 高阶段胶结充填体全时序应力演化规律及预测模型研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(11): 3613−3620.
WEI Xiaoming, GUO Lijie, ZHOU Xiaolong, et al. Full sequence stress evolution law and prediction model of high stage cemented backfill[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(11): 3613−3620.
25
李长洪, 魏晓明, 张立新, 等. 胶结充填体与矿石的能量匹配关系及固化时间的确定[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报, 2017, 34(6): 1116−1121.
LI Changhong, WEI Xiaoming, ZHANG Lixin, et al. Energy matching relationship between cemented backfill body and ore and determination of curing time[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering, 2017, 34(6): 1116−1121.
26
金爱兵, 王杰, 陈帅军, 等. 基于不同粒径分布尾砂的充填体强度及损伤特性研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2022, 43(11): 3083−3093.
JIN Aibing, WANG Jie, CHEN Shuaijun, et al. Strength and damage characteristics of tailings filling body with different particle size distributions[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2022, 43(11): 3083−3093.
27
吴疆宇, 靖洪文, 浦海, 等. 分形矸石胶结充填体的宏细观力学特性[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(10): 2083−2100.
WU Jiangyu, JING Hongwen, PU Hai, et al. Macroscopic and mesoscopic mechanical properties of cemented waste rock backfill using fractal gangue[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 40(10): 2083−2100.
28
黄琍, 王山. 对GB 175—2007《通用硅酸盐水泥》标准条文的详析[J]. 水泥, 2008(5): 1−2.
HUANG Li, WANG Shan. Detailed analysis of standard provisions of GB175-2007 "Common Portland Cement"[J]. Cement, 2008(5): 1−2.
29
江丽珍, 颜碧兰, 肖忠明, 等. GB 175—2007《通用硅酸盐水泥》标准条文解释[J]. 水泥, 2008(4): 1−2.
JIANG Lizhen, YAN Bilan, XIAO Zhongming, et al. Interpretation of standard provisions of GB 175-2007 "Common Portland Cement"[J]. Cement, 2008(4): 1−2.
30
杨科, 冯小伍, 何祥, 等. 煤基固废胶结充填体冲击动力学特性试验研究[J/OL]. 煤炭学报, 2025 [2026−01−13]. https://doi.org/10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2024.1457.
YANG Ke, FENG Xiaowu, HE Xiang, et al. Experimental study on impact dynamics characteristics of coal-based solid waste cemented backfill[J/OL]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2025 [2026−01−13]. https://doi.org/10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.2024.1457.
31
周林邦, 孙星海, 刘泽, 等. 大掺量粉煤灰基矿井充填材料的制备、工作性能与微观结构的研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2023, 48(12): 4536−4548.
ZHOU Linbang, SUN Xinghai, LIU Ze, et al. Study on preparation, working performance and microstructure of coal mine filling material with large amount of fly ash[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2023, 48(12): 4536−4548.
32
郭明帅, 潘浩, 王菲. 赤泥基固化剂固化/稳定铅锌镉污染土的强度及浸出特性研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(S1): 2968−2975.
GUO Mingshuai, PAN Hao, WANG Fei. Study on the strength and leaching characteristics of solidified/stabilized lead, zinc and cadmium contaminated soil with red mud-based curing agent[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2021, 40(S1): 2968−2975.
33
张荣华, 赵洋, 杨文祥, 等. 多源固废基固化剂固化粉土机理研究[J]. 山东科技大学学报(自然科学版), 2025, 44(4): 70−78.
ZHANG Ronghua, ZHAO Yang, YANG Wenxiang, et al. Study on mechanism of multi-source solid waste-based curing agent for solidifying silt[J]. Journal of Shandong University of Science and Technology (Natural Science), 2025, 44(4): 70−78.
34
侯永强, 尹升华, 赵国亮, 等. 聚丙烯纤维增强尾砂胶结充填体力学及流动性能研究[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(19): 19030−19035.
HOU Yongqiang, YIN Shenghua, ZHAO Guoliang, et al. Study on the mechanical and flow properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced cemented tailings backfill[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(19): 19030−19035.
35
张耀平, 陈荣森, 王瑞, 等. 玄武岩纤维增强尾砂胶结充填体的力学性能及破坏形态[J]. 有色金属, 2025, 15(3): 484−496.
ZHANG Yaoping, CHEN Rongsen, WANG Rui, et al. Mechanical properties and damage morphology of tailing sand cemented filler reinforced with basalt fibers[J]. Nonferrous Metals, 2025, 15(3): 484−496.
36
谢和平, 鞠杨, 黎立云. 基于能量耗散与释放原理的岩石强度与整体破坏准则[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24(17): 3003−3010.
XIE Heping, JU Yang, LI Liyun. Criteria for strength and structural failure of rocks based on energy dissipation and energy release principles[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2005, 24(17): 3003−3010.
37
谢和平, 鞠杨, 黎立云, 等. 岩体变形破坏过程的能量机制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2008, 27(9): 1729−1740.
XIE Heping, JU Yang, LI Liyun, et al. Energy mechanism of deformation and failure of rock masses[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2008, 27(9): 1729−1740.
38
谢和平, 彭瑞东, 鞠杨. 岩石变形破坏过程中的能量耗散分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2004, 23(21): 3565−3570.
XIE Heping, PENG Ruidong, JU Yang. Energy dissipation of rock deformation and fracture[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23(21): 3565−3570.
39
SAATY T L. The analytic hierarchy process[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980: 37−42.
40
许茜, 王彦明, 张雯超. 基于正交试验的充填体力学及微观特性研究[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2022, 4(6): 063520.
XU Qian, WANG Yanming, ZHANG Wenchao. Study on mechanical and microstructural properties of backfill based on orthogonal experiments[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2022, 4(6): 063520.
41
张敏哲, 王贻明, 吴爱祥, 等. 掺塑性膨胀剂的全尾砂胶结充填体体积变化率试验研究及机理分析[J]. 采矿与岩层控制工程学报, 2025, 7(1): 013035.
ZHANG Minzhe, WANG Yiming, WU Aixiang, et al. Experimental study and mechanism analysis of volume change rate of cemented total tailings backfill with plastic expansion agent[J]. Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering, 2025, 7(1): 013035.
2026年第8卷第2期
PDF下载
14
6
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451
  • 接收时间:2025-12-01
  • 首发时间:2026-05-28
  • 出版时间:2026-04-25
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-01
  • 修回日期:2026-01-16
基金
作者信息
    1西安科技大学 能源与矿业工程学院, 陕西 西安 710054
    2西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室, 陕西 西安 710054
    3国家能源集团宁夏煤业有限责任公司 麦垛山煤矿, 宁夏 银川 750408
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/ckyyckz/CN/10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1451
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏