草地学报

短期围封对藏东高寒草地土壤质量与多功能性的影响

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草地学报 | 研究论文 2026,34(8): 3049-3059

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草地学报 |研究论文 2026 , 34 (8) : 3049 -3059

短期围封对藏东高寒草地土壤质量与多功能性的影响

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张宁^1,2, 魏海娟³, 李佳^1,2, 孙建⁴, 张林⁴, 罗栋梁⁵, 王金牛^1,2,3

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张宁(1997-),女,汉族,山西晋城人,博士研究生,主要从事高寒生态系统植物功能性状研究,E-mail:zhangning@cib.ac.cn;魏海娟(1983-),女,汉族,青海西宁人,硕士,主要从事西藏自治区生态环境遥感监测研究,E-mail:308703412@qq.com

Effects of Short-term Enclosure on Soil Quality and Multifunctionality of an Alpine Meadow in the Eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau

ZHANG Ning^1,2, WEI Hai-juan³, LI Jia^1,2, SUN Jian⁴, ZHANG Lin⁴, LUO Dong-liang⁵, WANG Jin-niu^1,2,3

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doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.027

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摘要

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围栏封育是退化草地恢复的重要措施，但短期围封对土壤质量及多功能性的影响尚不明确。本研究以西藏三江并流区典型高寒草地为对象，比较连续两年围封与自由放牧（对照）对土壤理化性质、植物群落多样性及土壤多功能性的影响。结果表明：（1）围封显著影响土壤温度、电导率和有机碳含量（F₁=6.945，F₂=5.216，F₃=25.344，P<0.05）；（2）与2022年相比，2023年围封提高了植物群落多样性指数（0.966）和禾本科重要值（19.296），自由放牧对照中植物根冠比（17.671）、杂类草（8.215）和莎草科重要值（90.628）增加；（3）Mantel检验表明，2023年植物多样性与土壤理化性质相关性增强，放牧对照下群落对土壤变化更敏感，围封则增加了土壤因子间相关性。（4）多功能性分析表明，围封处理下生态系统功能较稳定，而放牧对照中高阈值多功能性波动较大。综上，短期围封对土壤理化性质的直接影响有限，但可通过调节植物群落结构间接影响土壤多功能性。

关键词

西藏三江并流区 / 围栏封育 / 土壤多功能性 / 多阈值法 / 生态恢复

Abstract

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Enclosure is an important measure for restoring degraded grasslands， however， the effects of short-term enclosure on soil quality and multifunctionality of the alpine meadow remain unclear. In this study， we compared the two years effects between enclosure and free grazing （control） on soil physicochemical properties， plant community diversity and soil multifunctionality of a typical alpine meadow in the Xizang Three Parallel Rivers region. The results showed that：（1） short-term fencing significantly affected soil temperature， electrical conductivity and soil organic carbon （F₁=6.945， F₂=5.216， F₃=25.344， P<0.05）. （2） Compared with 2022， plant community diversity （0.966） and the importance value of Poaceae （19.296） were greater than those under fencing in 2023， whereas root-shoot ratio （17.671） and the importance value of Forbrich （8.215） were increased accordingly， as well as Cyperaceae （90.628）. （3） Mantel tests indicated that the correlations between plant diversity and soil physicochemical properties were strengthened in 2023. For grazing control treatment， plant communities were more sensitive to soil changes， while enclosure enhanced correlations between different soil factors. （4） Multifunctionality analysis presented results that ecosystem functions for this alpine meadow were relatively stable under short-term enclosure， whereas greater fluctuations at high-threshold occurred under a control grazing. Overall， the short-term enclosure had limited direct effects on soil physicochemical properties but may indirectly influence soil multifunctionality by regulating plant community structure.

Key words

Xizang Three Parallel Rivers region / Grazing exclusion / Soil multifunctionality / Multi-threshold approach / Ecological restoration

引用本文

张宁, 魏海娟, 李佳, 孙建, 张林, 罗栋梁, 王金牛. 短期围封对藏东高寒草地土壤质量与多功能性的影响. 草地学报, 2026 , 34 (8) : 3049 -3059 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.027

ZHANG Ning, WEI Hai-juan, LI Jia, SUN Jian, ZHANG Lin, LUO Dong-liang, WANG Jin-niu. Effects of Short-term Enclosure on Soil Quality and Multifunctionality of an Alpine Meadow in the Eastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026 , 34 (8) : 3049 -3059 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.027

基金

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西藏自治区科技计划 (XZ202401JD0016); 四川省自然科学基金项目 (2024NSFSC0352)

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2026年第34卷第8期

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doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.08.027

接收时间：2026-01-04
首发时间：2026-09-23

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收稿日期：2026-01-04
修回日期：2026-03-09

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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