草地学报

刈割和施肥对紫花苜蓿叶片氮磷重吸收效率的影响

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草地学报 | 研究论文 2026,34(7): 2472-2482

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草地学报 |研究论文 2026 , 34 (7) : 2472 -2482

刈割和施肥对紫花苜蓿叶片氮磷重吸收效率的影响

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刘晓阳（2000-），男，汉族，河南濮阳人，硕士研究生，主要从事饲草高产栽培与利用研究，E-mail:lenovo-20210303@hotmail.com

Effects of Mowing and Fertilization on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Reabsorption Efficiency in Alfalfa Leaves

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doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.012

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刈割和施肥通过对苜蓿养分重吸收生理过程的干扰，可优化其生长季内系统养分的转移和储备，为研究其对紫花苜蓿叶片养分重吸收的差异性，寻找植株养分收支平衡点。本试验以不同刈割（3次·年⁻¹和4次·年⁻¹，记为M1和M2）和施肥（P₂O₅和K₂O为3∶5的比例设置5个施肥梯度，记为CK、F1、F2、F3、F4）处理条件下紫花苜蓿叶片为研究对象，测定成熟叶片和衰老叶片的碳、氮、磷含量，分析其氮磷重吸收效率的特征。结果表明：在刈割和施肥处理下显著提高叶片的氮磷含量（P<0.05）；叶片碳氮比和碳磷比整体呈下降趋势，氮磷比呈先升高后下降的趋势且均大于16；叶片的氮磷重吸收效率分别为25.08%~42.79%、29.05%~44.30%；氮磷重吸收效率与新叶的碳氮磷呈显著正相关性。刈割促进氮磷重吸收，施肥则先促进后抑制，M2F2的成熟叶碳氮含量和衰老叶氮磷重吸收效率最高，此时紫花苜蓿的养分获取策略最佳。

关键词

紫花苜蓿 / 成熟叶 / 衰老叶 / 刈割 / 施肥 / 化学计量特征 / 氮磷重吸收

Abstract

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Mowing and fertilization can optimize the transfer and storage of systemic nutrients during the growing season by interfering with the physiological process of nutrient reabsorption in alfalfa. This study was to investigate the differences in nutrient reabsorption in alfalfa leaves and find the balance point of plant nutrient balance. The experiment set up five fertilization gradients （CK， F1， F2， F3， F4） under different mowing （3 times a year and 4 times a year， denoted as M1 and M2） and fertilization （P₂O₅ and K₂O ratio of 3∶5） conditions on alfalfa leaves. The carbon， nitrogen， and phosphorus contents of mature and senescent leaves were measured， and the characteristics of nitrogen and phosphorus reabsorption efficiency were analyzed. The results showed that mowing and fertilization significantly increased the nitrogen and phosphorus content in leaves （P<0.05）. The overall carbon to nitrogen ratio and carbon to phosphorus ratio in leaves showed a decreasing trend， while the nitrogen to phosphorus ratio showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing， both of which were greater than 16. The nitrogen and phosphorus reabsorption efficiencies in leaves were 25.08%-42.79% and 29.05%-44.30%， respectively. The nitrogen and phosphorus reabsorption efficiency was significantly positively correlated with the carbon， nitrogen， and phosphorus content of new leaves. Mowing promoted nitrogen and phosphorus reabsorption， while fertilization first promoted and then inhibited it. M2F2 had the highest carbon and nitrogen content in mature leaves and nitrogen and phosphorus reabsorption efficiency in senescent leaves， making the best nutrient acquisition strategy for alfalfa.

Key words

Mature leaves / Senescent leaves / Mowing / Apply fertilizer / Stoichiometric characteristics / Nitrogen phosphorus reabsorption

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刘晓阳, 葛美娇, 李紫微, 海昕伟, 贾晨雪, 高凯. 刈割和施肥对紫花苜蓿叶片氮磷重吸收效率的影响. 草地学报, 2026 , 34 (7) : 2472 -2482 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.012

LIU Xiao-yan, GE Mei-jiao, LI Zi-wei, HAI Xin-wei, JIA Chen-xue, GAO Kai. Effects of Mowing and Fertilization on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Reabsorption Efficiency in Alfalfa Leaves[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026 , 34 (7) : 2472 -2482 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.012

基金

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国家自然科学基金项目 (32260343); 内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目 (2021MS03085)

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2026年第34卷第7期

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doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.012

接收时间：2025-12-05
首发时间：2026-09-23

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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