Article(id=1309573276582641795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, issueId=1309573247344144835, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.004, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=0, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1745424000000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-24, revisedDate=1754841600000, revisedDateStr=2025-08-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1790156199832, onlineDateStr=2026-09-23, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1790156199832, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1790156199832, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1790156199832, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1309573247344144835, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, year='2026', volume='34', issue='4', pageStart='1137', pageEnd='1556', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1776182400000', pubDateStr='2026-04-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1790156192860, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1790156800047, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1309575794117144683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, issueId=1309573247344144835, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1309575794117144684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, issueId=1309573247344144835, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1168, endPage=1180, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1309573278210031749, articleId=1309573276582641795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, language=EN, title=Characterization of the Chloroplast Genome and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Medicinal Plant Delphinium albocoeruleum, columnId=null, journalTitle=Acta Agrestia Sinica, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=The medicinal plant Delphinium albocoeruleum is rich in diterpenoid alkaloids, and possesses significant medicinal and ecological values. However, studies on the characteristics of its chloroplast genome and systematic taxonomic status still remain scarce. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of this species was sequenced and characterized for the first time, and comparative analyses within Delphinium and related taxa were also conducted. The results indicated that the chloroplast genome of D. albocoeruleum had a total length of 154 258 bp, and exhibited a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single copy (LSC) region of 84 847 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 16 301 bp, and an inverted repeat (IR) region of 26 555 bp. The total GC content was 38.25%. A total of 131 genes were annotated, including a unique ycf1 pseudogene, which presented a boundary differentiation pattern characterized by truncation at the IRb/SSC boundary and intact function at the SSC/IRa boundary. We identified 243 simple sequence repeats (SSR) loci, with 67.1% of these SSR loci concentrated in the LSC region and A/T mononucleotide repeats being the dominant type. Furthermore, seven positive selection genes (e.g., matK, ndhD) and 15 highly divergent regions (Pi>0.020) were detected, indicating that the genome was overall conserved but local variations. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that D. albocoeruleum had the closest genetic relationship with D. candelabrum. These results provide an important basis for research on the phylogeny, genetic evolution, and geographical origin of the tribe Delphineae., authors=OUYANG Tian-yu1, GUO Li-zhi2, FAN Lu-ze1, HUANG Rong-xin1, LÜ Ting1, authorsList=OUYANG Tian-yu, GUO Li-zhi, FAN Lu-ze, HUANG Rong-xin, LÜ Ting, authorCompany=1 College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China; 2 Qinghai Institute for Drug Control, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1309573277832544388, articleId=1309573276582641795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, language=CN, title=药用植物白蓝翠雀花的叶绿体基因组特征及系统发育分析, columnId=1309565024058835950, journalTitle=草地学报, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=药用植物白蓝翠雀花(Delphinium albocoeruleum)富含二萜类生物碱,兼具重要药用与生态价值,但其叶绿体基因组特征与系统位置尚不明确。本研究首次测定并解析其完整叶绿体基因组,同时开展了翠雀属及近缘物种的比较分析。结果显示:基因组全长154 258 bp,具典型四分体结构,包括大单拷贝区(Large single copy region,LSC)84 847 bp、小单拷贝区(Small single copy region,SSC)16 301 bp及反向重复区(Inverted repeat region,IR)26 555 bp,总GC含量38.25%;共注释131个基因,含1个特殊ycf1假基因,其呈现IRb/SSC边界截断和SSC/IRa边界完整的分化模式。检测到243个简单重复序列(Simple sequence repeat,SSR),其中LSC区占67.1%,且以A/T为主,鉴定出matK,ndhD等7个正向选择基因及15个高变异区间(Pi>0.020),表明基因组整体保守但存在局部变异。系统发育分析表明白蓝翠雀花与单花翠雀花亲缘关系最近。本研究为翠雀族系统发育、遗传演化及地理起源研究提供了重要依据。, authors=欧阳天雨1, 郭李智2, 樊露泽1, 黄荣鑫1, 吕婷1, authorsList=欧阳天雨, 郭李智, 樊露泽, 黄荣鑫, 吕婷, authorCompany=1 青海大学农牧学院, 青海 西宁 810016; 2 青海省药品检验检测院, 青海 西宁 810016, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=欧阳天雨(2004-),女,汉族,云南版纳人,本科生,主要从事药用植物分子遗传的研究,E-mail:2135553414@qq.com, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=3yRzJy49UyFasZuovpLx1w==, pdfFileSize=10901423, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=青海省自然科学基金 (2024-ZJ-993); 青海大学青年科研基金 (2023-QNY-10))}, authors=null, keywords=[Keyword(id=1309573278650433670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, articleId=1309573276582641795, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=白蓝翠雀花), Keyword(id=1309573278717542535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1308397196074385509, articleId=1309573276582641795, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=叶绿体基因组), Keyword(id=1309573279044698248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, 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The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,2002,302(1):197-204 LI G Q,LI Y Y,ZHAO Y T,et al. Isolation and crystal structure of 4-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)amino)-2-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid from Delphinium Grandiflorum,C13H15N1O5[J]. Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures,2019,234(3):521-522 Editorial Board of Flora of China. Flora of China (Vol. 27) [M]. Beijing: Science Press,1979: 380 中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志(第27卷)[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1979:380 Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Tibetan materia medica [M]. Xining: Qinghai People’s Publishing House,1991:102 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所. 藏药志[M]. 西宁:青海人民出版社,1991:102 LI C H,ZHENG Y Q,HUANG P. Molecular markers from the chloroplast genome of rose provide a complementary tool for variety discrimination and profiling[J]. Scientific Reports,2020,10(1): 12188-12203 XIONG Y,TONG L F,CAO L,et al. Structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis ofchloroplast genomes of four species of Lonicera[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica,2024,59(11):3164-3171 熊瑶,童凌斐,曹岚,等. 四种忍冬属植物叶绿体基因组结构特征及系统发育分析[J]. 药学学报,2024,59(11):3164-3171 HONG C P,PARK J,LEE Y,et al. accD nuclear transfer of Platycodon grandiflorum and the plastid of early Campanulaceae[J]. BMC Genomics,2017,18(1):607-620 HUANG J,HU X,ZHOU Y,et al. Phylogeny,genetic diversity and population structure of Fritillaria cirrhosa and its relatives based on chloroplast genome data[J]. Genes,2024,15(6):730 GAWEL N J,JARRET R L. A modified CTAB DNA extraction procedure for Musa and Ipomoea[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,1991,9(3):262-266 LIU X L,ZHU J Y,JIANG M G,et al. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Aconitum tschangbaischanense (Ranunculaceae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B,Resources,2023,8(6):658-662 WU X M,WU S F,REN D M,et al. The analysis method and progress in the study of codon bias[J]. Hereditas,2007,29(4):420-426 吴宪明,吴松锋,任大明,等. 密码子偏性的分析方法及相关研究进展[J]. 遗传,2007,29(4):420-426 HYATT D,CHEN G L,LOCASCIO P F,et al. Prodigal:prokaryotic gene recognition and translation initiation site identification[J]. BMC Bioinformatics,2010,11(1):119 KIM G B,LIM C E,KIM J S,et al. Comparative chloroplast genome analysis of Artemisia (Asteraceae) in east Asia:insights into evolutionary divergence and phylogenomic implications[J]. BMC Genomics,2020,21(1):415 KURTZ S,CHOUDHURI J V,OHLEBUSCH E,et al. REPuter:the manifold applications of repeat analysis on a genomic scale[J]. Nucleic Acids Research,2001,29(22):4633-4642 ANDROSIUK P,JASTRZĘBSKI J P,PAUKSZTO Ł,et al. The complete chloroplast genome of Colobanthus apetalus (Labill.) Druce:Genome organization and comparison with related species[J]. PeerJ ,2018,6(2):e4723 DARLING A C E,MAU B,BLATTNER F R,et al. Mauve:multiple alignment of conserved genomic sequence with rearrangements[J]. Genome Research,2004,14(7):1394-1403 AMIRYOUSEFI A,HYVÖNEN J,POCZAI P. IRscope:an online program to visualize the junction sites of chloroplast genomes[J]. Bioinformatics,2018,34(17):3030-3031 KUMAR S,STECHER G,LI M,et al. MEGA X:molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,2018,35(6):1547-1549 ZHANG Z. KaKs_Calculator 3.0:calculating selective pressure on coding and non-coding sequences[J]. Genomics Proteomics &Bioinformatics,2022,20(3):536-540 POSADA D. jModelTest:phylogenetic model averaging[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,2008,25(7):1253-1256 STAMATAKIS A. RAxML version 8:a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies[J]. Bioinformatics,2014,30(9):1312-1313 SALVADO P,LLAURO C,CARPENTIER M C,et al. Characterization of the complete plastome of Delphinium montanum,a polyploid,endemic and endangered Pyrenean Larkspur[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B,Resources,2022,7(4):590-592 DUAN H,LU Y,DUAN X,et al. Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Delphinium grandiflorum L.[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B,2019,5(1):35-36 XIONG S,ZHOU F Q,WANG S D,et al. Chloroplast genomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of Sycopsis triplinervia[J]. Guihaia,2025,45(5):855-871 熊霜,周富琴,王仕东,等. 三脉水丝梨叶绿体基因组特征及系统发育分析[J]. 广西植物,2025,45(5):855-871 WANG N J,CHEN S F,XIE L,et al. The complete chloroplast genomes of three Hamamelidaceae species:comparative and phylogenetic analyses[J]. Ecology and Evolution,2022,12(2): e8637 THIEL T,MICHALEK W,VARSHNEY R,et al. Exploiting EST databases for the development and characterization of gene-derived SSR-markers in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2003,106(3):411-422 MILLEN R S,OLMSTEAD R G,ADAMS K L,et al. Many parallel losses of infA from chloroplast DNA during angiosperm evolution with multiple independent transfers to the nucleus[J]. The Plant Cell,2001,13(3):645-658 SONG C F,ZHU J W,LI H M. Complete chloroplast genomes of eight Delphinium taxa (Ranunculaceae) endemic to Xinjiang,China: insights into genome structure,comparative analysis,and phylogenetic relationships[J]. BMC Plant Biology,2024,24(1):600 CAVALIER-SMITH T. Chloroplast evolution:secondary symbiogenesis and multiple losses[J]. Current Biology,2002,12(2):R62-R64 WANG H K,LOU X M,ZHANG Z. Application in germplasm resource research using chloroplast simple sequence repeat[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding,2006,4(S1):92-98 王化坤,娄晓鸣,章镇. 叶绿体微卫星在植物种质资源研究中的应用[J]. 分子植物育种,2006,4(S1):92-98 POWELL W,MORGANTE M,MCDEVITT R,et al. Polymorphic simple sequence repeat regions in chloroplast genomes:applications to the population genetics of pines[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1995,92(17):7759-7763 HENRY R J. Plant diversity and evolution genotypic and phenotypic variation in higher plants[M]. Wallingford: CABI Publishing,2005:45-68 CHUMLEY T W,PALMER J D,MOWER J P,et al. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Pelargonium hortorum:organization and evolution of the largest and most highly rearranged chloroplast genome of land plants[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,2006,23:2175-2190 LUO X Y,NIE T J,LIU H,et al. Karyotype and genome size variation in Delphinium subg. Anthriscifolium (Ranunculaceae)[J]. PhytoKeys,2023,234:145-165 REN L M. Taxonomic study on Ranunculaceae Delphinium in Gansu Province[D]. Lanzhou: Northwest Normal University,2019:12-16 任路明. 甘肃毛茛科翠雀族分类学研究[D]. 兰州:西北师范大学,2019:12-16)
Characterization of the Chloroplast Genome and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Medicinal Plant Delphinium albocoeruleum
OUYANG Tian-yu1, GUO Li-zhi2, FAN Lu-ze1, HUANG Rong-xin1, LÜ Ting1
Affiliations
1 College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China; 2 Qinghai Institute for Drug Control, Xining, Qinghai Province 810016, China
doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.004
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摘要
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药用植物白蓝翠雀花(Delphinium albocoeruleum)富含二萜类生物碱,兼具重要药用与生态价值,但其叶绿体基因组特征与系统位置尚不明确。本研究首次测定并解析其完整叶绿体基因组,同时开展了翠雀属及近缘物种的比较分析。结果显示:基因组全长154 258 bp,具典型四分体结构,包括大单拷贝区(Large single copy region,LSC)84 847 bp、小单拷贝区(Small single copy region,SSC)16 301 bp及反向重复区(Inverted repeat region,IR)26 555 bp,总GC含量38.25%;共注释131个基因,含1个特殊ycf1假基因,其呈现IRb/SSC边界截断和SSC/IRa边界完整的分化模式。检测到243个简单重复序列(Simple sequence repeat,SSR),其中LSC区占67.1%,且以A/T为主,鉴定出matK,ndhD等7个正向选择基因及15个高变异区间(Pi>0.020),表明基因组整体保守但存在局部变异。系统发育分析表明白蓝翠雀花与单花翠雀花亲缘关系最近。本研究为翠雀族系统发育、遗传演化及地理起源研究提供了重要依据。
关键词
白蓝翠雀花
/
叶绿体基因组
/
系统发育分析
/
翠雀族
Abstract
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The medicinal plant Delphinium albocoeruleum is rich in diterpenoid alkaloids, and possesses significant medicinal and ecological values. However, studies on the characteristics of its chloroplast genome and systematic taxonomic status still remain scarce. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome of this species was sequenced and characterized for the first time, and comparative analyses within Delphinium and related taxa were also conducted. The results indicated that the chloroplast genome of D. albocoeruleum had a total length of 154 258 bp, and exhibited a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single copy (LSC) region of 84 847 bp, a small single copy (SSC) region of 16 301 bp, and an inverted repeat (IR) region of 26 555 bp. The total GC content was 38.25%. A total of 131 genes were annotated, including a unique ycf1 pseudogene, which presented a boundary differentiation pattern characterized by truncation at the IRb/SSC boundary and intact function at the SSC/IRa boundary. We identified 243 simple sequence repeats (SSR) loci, with 67.1% of these SSR loci concentrated in the LSC region and A/T mononucleotide repeats being the dominant type. Furthermore, seven positive selection genes (e.g., matK, ndhD) and 15 highly divergent regions (Pi>0.020) were detected, indicating that the genome was overall conserved but local variations. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that D. albocoeruleum had the closest genetic relationship with D. candelabrum. These results provide an important basis for research on the phylogeny, genetic evolution, and geographical origin of the tribe Delphineae.
OUYANG Tian-yu, GUO Li-zhi, FAN Lu-ze, HUANG Rong-xin, LÜ Ting.
Characterization of the Chloroplast Genome and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Medicinal Plant Delphinium albocoeruleum[J].
Acta Agrestia Sinica,
2026
, 34
(4)
: 1168
-1180
.
DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.004
基金
收起
青海省自然科学基金 (2024-ZJ-993); 青海大学青年科研基金 (2023-QNY-10)
参考文献
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NALAWADE S M,SAGARE A P,LEE C Y,et al. Studies on tissue culture of Chinese medicinal plant resources in Taiwan and their sustainable utilization[J]. Botanical Bulletin-Academia Sinica Taipei,2003,44(2):79-98 YU X Q,GAO L M,SOLTIS D E,et al. Insights into the historical assembly of East Asian subtropical evergreen broadleaved forests revealed by the temporal history of the tea family[J]. New Phytologist,2017,215(3):1235-1248 HE Y Q,MA Z Y,YANG Q,et al. Diterpenoid alkaloids and flavonoids from Delphinium albocoeruleum Maxim[J]. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology,2010,38(4):554-556 CSUPOR D,FORGÓ P,CSEDO K,et al. Investigation of the diterpene alkaloids of Aconitum species native to the Carpathian Basin[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Hungarica,2006,76(4):181-190 MOGG A J,WHITEAKER P,MCINTOSH J M,et al. Methyllycaconitine is a potent antagonist of alpha-conotoxin-MII-sensitive presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in rat striatum[J]. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics,2002,302(1):197-204 LI G Q,LI Y Y,ZHAO Y T,et al. Isolation and crystal structure of 4-((2-(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl)amino)-2-methyl-4-oxobutanoic acid from Delphinium Grandiflorum,C13H15N1O5[J]. Zeitschrift Für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures,2019,234(3):521-522 Editorial Board of Flora of China. Flora of China (Vol. 27) [M]. Beijing: Science Press,1979: 380 中国植物志编辑委员会. 中国植物志(第27卷)[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1979:380 Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Tibetan materia medica [M]. Xining: Qinghai People’s Publishing House,1991:102 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所. 藏药志[M]. 西宁:青海人民出版社,1991:102 LI C H,ZHENG Y Q,HUANG P. Molecular markers from the chloroplast genome of rose provide a complementary tool for variety discrimination and profiling[J]. Scientific Reports,2020,10(1): 12188-12203 XIONG Y,TONG L F,CAO L,et al. Structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis ofchloroplast genomes of four species of Lonicera[J]. Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica,2024,59(11):3164-3171 熊瑶,童凌斐,曹岚,等. 四种忍冬属植物叶绿体基因组结构特征及系统发育分析[J]. 药学学报,2024,59(11):3164-3171 HONG C P,PARK J,LEE Y,et al. accD nuclear transfer of Platycodon grandiflorum and the plastid of early Campanulaceae[J]. BMC Genomics,2017,18(1):607-620 HUANG J,HU X,ZHOU Y,et al. Phylogeny,genetic diversity and population structure of Fritillaria cirrhosa and its relatives based on chloroplast genome data[J]. Genes,2024,15(6):730 GAWEL N J,JARRET R L. A modified CTAB DNA extraction procedure for Musa and Ipomoea[J]. Plant Molecular Biology Reporter,1991,9(3):262-266 LIU X L,ZHU J Y,JIANG M G,et al. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Aconitum tschangbaischanense (Ranunculaceae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B,Resources,2023,8(6):658-662 WU X M,WU S F,REN D M,et al. The analysis method and progress in the study of codon bias[J]. Hereditas,2007,29(4):420-426 吴宪明,吴松锋,任大明,等. 密码子偏性的分析方法及相关研究进展[J]. 遗传,2007,29(4):420-426 HYATT D,CHEN G L,LOCASCIO P F,et al. Prodigal:prokaryotic gene recognition and translation initiation site identification[J]. BMC Bioinformatics,2010,11(1):119 KIM G B,LIM C E,KIM J S,et al. Comparative chloroplast genome analysis of Artemisia (Asteraceae) in east Asia:insights into evolutionary divergence and phylogenomic implications[J]. BMC Genomics,2020,21(1):415 KURTZ S,CHOUDHURI J V,OHLEBUSCH E,et al. REPuter:the manifold applications of repeat analysis on a genomic scale[J]. Nucleic Acids Research,2001,29(22):4633-4642 ANDROSIUK P,JASTRZĘBSKI J P,PAUKSZTO Ł,et al. The complete chloroplast genome of Colobanthus apetalus (Labill.) Druce:Genome organization and comparison with related species[J]. PeerJ ,2018,6(2):e4723 DARLING A C E,MAU B,BLATTNER F R,et al. Mauve:multiple alignment of conserved genomic sequence with rearrangements[J]. Genome Research,2004,14(7):1394-1403 AMIRYOUSEFI A,HYVÖNEN J,POCZAI P. IRscope:an online program to visualize the junction sites of chloroplast genomes[J]. Bioinformatics,2018,34(17):3030-3031 KUMAR S,STECHER G,LI M,et al. MEGA X:molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,2018,35(6):1547-1549 ZHANG Z. KaKs_Calculator 3.0:calculating selective pressure on coding and non-coding sequences[J]. Genomics Proteomics &Bioinformatics,2022,20(3):536-540 POSADA D. jModelTest:phylogenetic model averaging[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,2008,25(7):1253-1256 STAMATAKIS A. RAxML version 8:a tool for phylogenetic analysis and post-analysis of large phylogenies[J]. Bioinformatics,2014,30(9):1312-1313 SALVADO P,LLAURO C,CARPENTIER M C,et al. Characterization of the complete plastome of Delphinium montanum,a polyploid,endemic and endangered Pyrenean Larkspur[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B,Resources,2022,7(4):590-592 DUAN H,LU Y,DUAN X,et al. Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Delphinium grandiflorum L.[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B,2019,5(1):35-36 XIONG S,ZHOU F Q,WANG S D,et al. Chloroplast genomic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of Sycopsis triplinervia[J]. Guihaia,2025,45(5):855-871 熊霜,周富琴,王仕东,等. 三脉水丝梨叶绿体基因组特征及系统发育分析[J]. 广西植物,2025,45(5):855-871 WANG N J,CHEN S F,XIE L,et al. The complete chloroplast genomes of three Hamamelidaceae species:comparative and phylogenetic analyses[J]. Ecology and Evolution,2022,12(2): e8637 THIEL T,MICHALEK W,VARSHNEY R,et al. Exploiting EST databases for the development and characterization of gene-derived SSR-markers in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)[J]. Theoretical and Applied Genetics,2003,106(3):411-422 MILLEN R S,OLMSTEAD R G,ADAMS K L,et al. Many parallel losses of infA from chloroplast DNA during angiosperm evolution with multiple independent transfers to the nucleus[J]. The Plant Cell,2001,13(3):645-658 SONG C F,ZHU J W,LI H M. Complete chloroplast genomes of eight Delphinium taxa (Ranunculaceae) endemic to Xinjiang,China: insights into genome structure,comparative analysis,and phylogenetic relationships[J]. BMC Plant Biology,2024,24(1):600 CAVALIER-SMITH T. Chloroplast evolution:secondary symbiogenesis and multiple losses[J]. Current Biology,2002,12(2):R62-R64 WANG H K,LOU X M,ZHANG Z. Application in germplasm resource research using chloroplast simple sequence repeat[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding,2006,4(S1):92-98 王化坤,娄晓鸣,章镇. 叶绿体微卫星在植物种质资源研究中的应用[J]. 分子植物育种,2006,4(S1):92-98 POWELL W,MORGANTE M,MCDEVITT R,et al. Polymorphic simple sequence repeat regions in chloroplast genomes:applications to the population genetics of pines[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,1995,92(17):7759-7763 HENRY R J. Plant diversity and evolution genotypic and phenotypic variation in higher plants[M]. Wallingford: CABI Publishing,2005:45-68 CHUMLEY T W,PALMER J D,MOWER J P,et al. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Pelargonium hortorum:organization and evolution of the largest and most highly rearranged chloroplast genome of land plants[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution,2006,23:2175-2190 LUO X Y,NIE T J,LIU H,et al. Karyotype and genome size variation in Delphinium subg. Anthriscifolium (Ranunculaceae)[J]. PhytoKeys,2023,234:145-165 REN L M. Taxonomic study on Ranunculaceae Delphinium in Gansu Province[D]. Lanzhou: Northwest Normal University,2019:12-16 任路明. 甘肃毛茛科翠雀族分类学研究[D]. 兰州:西北师范大学,2019:12-16