草地学报

生草覆盖调控渭北旱塬苹果园土壤碳组分及碳循环酶活性的效应分析

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草地学报 | 研究论文 2026,34(4): 1322-1334

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草地学报 |研究论文 2026 , 34 (4) : 1322 -1334

生草覆盖调控渭北旱塬苹果园土壤碳组分及碳循环酶活性的效应分析

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陈慧敏¹, 郭芷若¹, 何树斌¹, 崔彦农¹, 刘鲜艳², 龙明秀¹

作者信息

作者简介:

陈慧敏(2000-),女,汉族,内蒙古巴彦淖尔人,硕士研究生,主要从事生草栽培土壤碳循环及微生物群落研究,E-mail:chenhui-min@nwafu.edu.cn

Effects of Grass Mulching on Soil Carbon Fractions and Carbon-Cycling Enzyme Activities in Apple Orchards of the Weibei Dry Plateau

CHEN Hui-min¹, GUO Zhi-ruo¹, HE Shu-bin¹, CUI Yan-nong¹, LIU Xian-yan², LONG Ming-xiu¹

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doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.017

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摘要

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生草覆盖已被证实能有效促进果园土壤有机碳积累并提升土壤肥力，但其调控活性有机碳与腐殖质碳组分变化的机制尚不明确。本研究于2021—2023年在苹果园行间与树盘区域设置3种人工生草处理：多年生黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）、草木樨（Melilotus officinalis L.）、多年生黑麦草+紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.），以传统清耕为对照（CT）。测定土壤活性有机碳、腐殖质碳组分及碳循环酶活性，并评估碳库管理指数。结果表明，草木樨处理在2022年显著提高行间区域土壤有机碳含量14.38%，碳库管理指数提升89.55%（P<0.05）。2023年该处理显著降低行间pH值与树盘区域容重；多年生黑麦草+紫花苜蓿处理则在树盘区域显著提高土壤有机碳含量19.19%，并提升可溶性有机碳和微生物生物量碳（P<0.05）；曼特尔检验与偏最小二乘路径模型分析显示，行间与树盘对生草覆盖响应存在差异：行间以活性有机碳提升为主，树盘区域更利于腐殖质碳积累。综上，行间区域以草木樨为宜，而树盘区域则以多年生黑麦草与紫花苜蓿混合效果最佳。生草覆盖可通过改善土壤物理结构、激活碳循环酶、提升碳组分含量，实现对苹果园土壤碳库的有效调控。

关键词

土壤有机碳 / 活性有机碳 / 腐殖质碳 / 土壤酶活性 / 碳库管理指数 / 果园生草

Abstract

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Grass mulching has been proven to effectively enhance soil organic carbon accumulation and improve soil fertility in orchard systems. However， the mechanisms regulating the dynamics of labile organic carbon and humified carbon fractions remain unclear. From 2021 to 2023， a field experiment was conducted in an apple orchard with four grass mulching treatments established in both interrow and tree disk areas： perennial ryegrass （Lolium perenne L.）， sweet clover （Melilotus officinalis L.）， perennial ryegrass + alfalfa （Medicago sativa L.）， with traditional clean tillage as the control （CT）. We analyzed soil labile organic carbon fractions， humic carbon fractions， carbon-cycling enzyme activities， and the carbon pool management index. The results showed that sweet clover significantly increased soil organic carbon content by 14.38% and elevated the carbon pool management index by 89.55% in the interrow area compared to CT in 2022 （P<0.05）. In 2023， sweet clover further reduced soil pH in the interrow areas and the bulk density of the tree disk areas. Meanwhile， the perennial ryegrass + alfalfa mixture treatment increased soil organic carbon by 19.19% in the tree disk area， with concurrent rises in dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon （P<0.05）. Mantel tests and partial least squares path modeling revealed distinct responses of the interrow and tree disk areas to grass mulching. Increased labile organic carbon fractions primarily characterized the interrow areas， while the tree disk areas showed a strong positive response in humified carbon accumulation. In conclusion， sweet clover performed the best in interrow areas， while the perennial ryegrass + alfalfa mixture was the most effective in tree disk zones. Grass mulching in apple orchards can positively regulate the soil carbon pool through improvements in soil physical structure， activate carbon-cycling enzymes， and increase soil carbon fractions.

Key words

Soil organic carbon / Labile organic carbon / Humic carbon / Soil enzyme activity / Carbon pool management index / Grass mulching in orchards

引用本文

陈慧敏, 郭芷若, 何树斌, 崔彦农, 刘鲜艳, 龙明秀. 生草覆盖调控渭北旱塬苹果园土壤碳组分及碳循环酶活性的效应分析. 草地学报, 2026 , 34 (4) : 1322 -1334 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.017

CHEN Hui-min, GUO Zhi-ruo, HE Shu-bin, CUI Yan-nong, LIU Xian-yan, LONG Ming-xiu. Effects of Grass Mulching on Soil Carbon Fractions and Carbon-Cycling Enzyme Activities in Apple Orchards of the Weibei Dry Plateau[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026 , 34 (4) : 1322 -1334 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.017

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陕西省农业协同创新与推广联盟重大科技项目 (LMZD202103)

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2026年第34卷第4期

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doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.04.017

接收时间：2025-07-04
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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