草地学报

高寒草甸退化斑块植物群落演替特征及土壤限制因子研究

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草地学报 | 研究论文 2026,34(7): 2553-2567

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草地学报 |研究论文 2026 , 34 (7) : 2553 -2567

高寒草甸退化斑块植物群落演替特征及土壤限制因子研究

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马婧娟^1,2, 李希来^1,2, 尹通江¹, 柴瑜^1,2, 高佩^1,2, 李成一¹, 吴勇^1,2, 周怡志^1,2

作者信息

作者简介:

马婧娟（1997-），女，汉族，甘肃天水人，硕士研究生，主要从事草地生态修复研究，E-mail:mjingjuan@163.com

Study on the Succession Characteristics of Plant Communities and Soil Limiting Factors in Degraded Patches of Alpine Meadow

MA Jing-juan^1,2, LI Xi-lai^1,2, YING Tong-jiang¹, CHA Yu^1,2, GAO Pei^1,2, LI Cheng-yi¹, WU Yong^1,2, ZHOU Yi-zhi^1,2

Affiliations

doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.019

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摘要

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本研究在滩地和坡地2种立地条件下，选取裸露斑块、短期恢复斑块、长期恢复斑块及健康高寒草甸4类典型斑块，通过植物样方调查，分析不同类型斑块在自然恢复演替过程中群落特征的变化，探讨其与土壤因子的相关性，揭示不同类型斑块植物群落特征的差异及关键土壤限制因子。结果表明，随着恢复演替的进行，滩地和坡地植物多样性显著增加，两地间在植物功能群盖度和地上生物量上存在显著差异；滩地植物群落数量特征、多样性及功能群（豆科除外）盖度和地上生物量高于坡地；植物群落指标与土壤含水量、温度、电导率、有机碳、全氮、全磷、硝态氮、铵态氮正相关，与pH值负相关；土壤有机碳、全磷、全氮、铵态氮是滩地植物群落特征的关键限制因子，pH、铵态氮、有机碳是坡地植物群落特征的关键限制因子。总之，斑块化退化高寒草甸的土壤条件得到改善与恢复，进而促进了植物群落的正向演替。

关键词

立地条件 / 斑块化退化 / 高寒草甸 / 恢复演替 / 植物群落特征 / 土壤因子

Abstract

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In this study， four typical patches under the conditions of shoaly land and sloping land， including bare patches， short-term restoration patches， long-term restoration patches and healthy alpine meadow， were selected. Through plant quadrat survey， the changes of community characteristics in different types of patches during natural restoration and succession were analyzed， and their correlation with soil factors was discussed. The differences of plant community characteristics and key soil limiting factors in different types of patches were revealed. The results showed that with the restoration succession， the plant diversity of shoaly land and sloping land increased significantly， and the functional group coverage and aboveground biomass were significantly different. The quantitative characteristics， diversity， coverage of functional groups （except Fabaceae） and aboveground biomass of plant communities in shoaly land were higher than those in sloping land. Plant community indexes were positively correlated with soil water content， temperature， conductivity， organic carbon， total nitrogen， total phosphorus， nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen， and negatively correlated with pH value. Organic carbon， total phosphorus， total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were the key limiting factors of plant community characteristics in shoaly land， and pH， ammonium nitrogen and organic carbon were the key limiting factors of plant community characteristics in sloping land. In short， the soil conditions of the patchily degraded alpine meadow had been improved and restored， which in turn promoted the positive succession of plant communities.

Key words

Site condition / Patchy degradation / Alpine meadows / Restoration succession / Plant community characteristics / Soil factors

引用本文

马婧娟, 李希来, 尹通江, 柴瑜, 高佩, 李成一, 吴勇, 周怡志. 高寒草甸退化斑块植物群落演替特征及土壤限制因子研究. 草地学报, 2026 , 34 (7) : 2553 -2567 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.019

MA Jing-juan, LI Xi-lai, YING Tong-jiang, CHA Yu, GAO Pei, LI Cheng-yi, WU Yong, ZHOU Yi-zhi. Study on the Succession Characteristics of Plant Communities and Soil Limiting Factors in Degraded Patches of Alpine Meadow[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2026 , 34 (7) : 2553 -2567 . DOI: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.019

基金

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国家自然科学联合基金重点支持项目 (U23A20159,U21A20191); 青海省科学技术厅项目 (2023-QY-210); 高等学校学科创新引智计划项目 (D18013)

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2026年第34卷第7期

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doi: 10.11733/j.issn.1007-0435.2026.07.019

接收时间：2025-07-04
首发时间：2026-09-23

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收稿日期：2025-07-04
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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