Article(id=1243896550414468023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896547704947617, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.10.003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1744646400000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774497648098, onlineDateStr=2026-03-26, pubDate=1760889600000, pubDateStr=2025-10-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774497648098, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774497648098, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774497648098, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243896547704947617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2025', volume='29', issue='10', pageStart='1499', pageEnd='1662', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774497647453, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774501638614, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243913287902020448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896547704947617, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243913287902020449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896547704947617, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1527, endPage=1537, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243896550993281985, articleId=1243896550414468023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=Factors influencing the powering performance of ships in wind and waves, columnId=1241023037940748650, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Hydrodynamics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In recent years, shipowners have become increasingly concerned about the actual performance in the real marine environment. At present, ship design optimization is mainly conducted based on performance in still water which has a certain difference from real-sea performance. The factors influencing the powering performance of ships in wind and waves were investigated taking series oil tankers, bulk carriers, and container ships as the research subjects. The theory of two-dimensional strip was used to calculate the added resistance under typical sea states BF6 and BF8. The propeller was redesigned using graph method to research the influence of light running margin in the wind and waves. The results show that the principal dimensions have a significant impact on the added resistance of oil tankers and bulk carriers, and have a relatively small impact on container ships. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the ship type separately when optimizing the powering performance in wind and waves. In addition, with the increase of the light running margin, the reserved space for power becomes increasingly sufficient.

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近年来,船东对船舶在实际运营的真实海洋环境中的航行性能越发关注。目前,船舶设计主要基于静水中性能开展优化,与实际海况具有一定的差异。本文针对船舶风浪中的快速性影响因素开展研究,以系列油船、散货船和集装箱为研究对象,采用二维切片法计算在典型海况BF6和BF8下的波浪增阻,并采用图谱法对螺旋桨进行重新设计,研究船舶主参数及螺旋桨轻转裕度对风浪中船舶性能的影响。结果表明:主参数对于油船和散货船的波浪增阻影响较大,对集装箱船影响较小,因此在船舶风浪中性能优化时需要根据船型分别考虑;此外,随着螺旋桨轻转裕度的增加,船舶静水和风浪中的推进效率降低,船舶在恶劣海况下低速航行所需的收到功率越低,船舶功率的预留空间更加充足。

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通讯作者,E-mail:
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顾钰颖(1998-),女,硕士,助理工程师

魏锦芳(1981-),女,硕士,研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

王杉(1990-),男,硕士,高级工程师。

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figureFileBig=rcOPlmG7ujVyb1Ag0p203g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896562804441262, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896550414468023, language=CN, label=图7, caption=最小安全功率, figureFileSmall=MX66Md4L76EdvN+FSMDQDQ==, figureFileBig=rcOPlmG7ujVyb1Ag0p203g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896563018350771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896550414468023, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Parameters of collected ships in series

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
船型载重吨或装箱数Lpp/mB/mT/m
油船2.8万吨至32万吨171.5~326.627.5~60.09.28~20.50
散货船4万吨至32.5万吨181.7~333.331.0~62.010.50~21.40
集装箱船1700箱至20 000箱163.5~383.028.5~58.68.50~14.50
), ArticleFig(id=1243896563102236856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896550414468023, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

系列船舶参数范围

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
船型载重吨或装箱数Lpp/mB/mT/m
油船2.8万吨至32万吨171.5~326.627.5~60.09.28~20.50
散货船4万吨至32.5万吨181.7~333.331.0~62.010.50~21.40
集装箱船1700箱至20 000箱163.5~383.028.5~58.68.50~14.50
), ArticleFig(id=1243896563190317249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896550414468023, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Percentage difference ƞ between the maximum power of main engine and the required power

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轻转裕度5%8%10%12%15%
28 000吨油船28.74%35.31%40.05%45.05%52.13%
320 000吨油船10.56%16.07%20.04%23.96%29.65%
40 000吨散货船26.91%33.24%37.91%41.83%48.96%
325 000吨散货船2.77%7.84%11.70%15.41%21.46%
), ArticleFig(id=1243896563299369159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896550414468023, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

主机功率与所需功率差值的百分比ƞ

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
轻转裕度5%8%10%12%15%
28 000吨油船28.74%35.31%40.05%45.05%52.13%
320 000吨油船10.56%16.07%20.04%23.96%29.65%
40 000吨散货船26.91%33.24%37.91%41.83%48.96%
325 000吨散货船2.77%7.84%11.70%15.41%21.46%
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船舶风浪中快速性影响因素研究
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顾钰颖 , 魏锦芳 , 王杉
船舶力学 | 流体力学 2025,29(10): 1527-1537
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船舶力学 | 流体力学 2025, 29(10): 1527-1537
船舶风浪中快速性影响因素研究
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顾钰颖, 魏锦芳 , 王杉
作者信息
  • 中国船舶科学研究中心 上海分部,上海 200001
  • 顾钰颖(1998-),女,硕士,助理工程师

    魏锦芳(1981-),女,硕士,研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

    王杉(1990-),男,硕士,高级工程师。

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
Factors influencing the powering performance of ships in wind and waves
Yu-ying GU, Jin-fang WEI , Shan WANG
Affiliations
  • China Ship Scientific Research Center, Shanghai 200001, China
出版时间: 2025-10-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.10.003
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近年来,船东对船舶在实际运营的真实海洋环境中的航行性能越发关注。目前,船舶设计主要基于静水中性能开展优化,与实际海况具有一定的差异。本文针对船舶风浪中的快速性影响因素开展研究,以系列油船、散货船和集装箱为研究对象,采用二维切片法计算在典型海况BF6和BF8下的波浪增阻,并采用图谱法对螺旋桨进行重新设计,研究船舶主参数及螺旋桨轻转裕度对风浪中船舶性能的影响。结果表明:主参数对于油船和散货船的波浪增阻影响较大,对集装箱船影响较小,因此在船舶风浪中性能优化时需要根据船型分别考虑;此外,随着螺旋桨轻转裕度的增加,船舶静水和风浪中的推进效率降低,船舶在恶劣海况下低速航行所需的收到功率越低,船舶功率的预留空间更加充足。

快速性  /  风浪  /  主参数  /  螺旋桨  /  轻转裕度

In recent years, shipowners have become increasingly concerned about the actual performance in the real marine environment. At present, ship design optimization is mainly conducted based on performance in still water which has a certain difference from real-sea performance. The factors influencing the powering performance of ships in wind and waves were investigated taking series oil tankers, bulk carriers, and container ships as the research subjects. The theory of two-dimensional strip was used to calculate the added resistance under typical sea states BF6 and BF8. The propeller was redesigned using graph method to research the influence of light running margin in the wind and waves. The results show that the principal dimensions have a significant impact on the added resistance of oil tankers and bulk carriers, and have a relatively small impact on container ships. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the ship type separately when optimizing the powering performance in wind and waves. In addition, with the increase of the light running margin, the reserved space for power becomes increasingly sufficient.

powering performance  /  wind and wave  /  principal dimension  /  propeller  /  light running margin
顾钰颖, 魏锦芳, 王杉. 船舶风浪中快速性影响因素研究. 船舶力学, 2025 , 29 (10) : 1527 -1537 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.10.003
Yu-ying GU, Jin-fang WEI, Shan WANG. Factors influencing the powering performance of ships in wind and waves[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2025 , 29 (10) : 1527 -1537 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.10.003
近年来,国际海事组织(IMO)对船舶的节能环保越来越重视,为降低船舶燃油消耗,设计者不断减小船舶装机功率,然而船舶装机功率过低可能导致船舶在风浪中发生安全事故。因此,2021年IMO推出了“恶劣海况下维持船舶操纵的最小安全功率计算导则”[1]。船东、船厂、设计院所都越来越关注船舶实际运营时在真实海洋环境中的航行性能。目前船舶阻力、推进效率优化方式仍然主要针对船舶在静水中的性能开展[2-3],从船舶主参数等方面进行优化,而船舶在实际营运时受到复杂海洋环境的影响,船舶阻力、推进效率都会与静水中大不相同。在面向风浪中船舶性能的优化中,一种方法是从船舶营运的角度进行优化,周杨刚、Bilgili等[4-5]从实际运行航线优化的角度实现了船舶运营性能的提高;李建东[6-7]通过以油船和散货船为研究对象,调整船舶在实际航行中的纵倾姿态,减少船舶在实际运营中的油耗。另一种方法则是在设计阶段从主参数、推进效率的角度对船舶风浪中的快速性进行优化,这种方法更能从根本上解决矛盾[8]。乔丹[9]综合考虑了风浪中集装箱船水线面以下部分对应的船体型线多目标协同优化设计和水线面以上部分对应的甲板集装箱堆垛模式优化设计,二者综合,船舶能效优化幅度可以达到4%~6%,其中船体型线多目标协同优化设计对总体优化幅度的贡献占主要部分。Sun等[10]以KCS船型为研究对象,对水线面附近的船体形状采用SOBAL算法进行变形,并进行多方案的计算,实现了波浪增阻降低6.344%。
目前,对于船舶风浪中快速性的优化大部分都是通过数值计算对大量方案进行优化分析,且往往仅针对某一型船进行优化,在船舶初步设计阶段极其耗费时间与精力[11-14]。因此,探索船舶风浪中性能的影响因素是极为必要的,寻找普适的规律能够为设计人员对风浪中船舶快速性优化提供更为明确的指导方向。Woeste等[15]开展了船桨相互作用对波浪增阻的影响研究,结果表明船舶在风浪情况下产生的波浪增阻对螺旋桨的性能具有较大的影响。Cepowski[16]使用模型试验数据训练了ANNS模型,基于船舶部分基础参数来预报波浪增阻,并使用该模型以减少波浪增阻为目标优化了船模基础参数。余建星等[17]利用Fluent,基于KVLCC2研究不同吃水下的船舶运动和附加阻力,结果表明不同吃水条件下船舶附加阻力呈现相似的趋势。综上,目前在对船舶风浪中快速性的影响因素的研究中,所涉及的船型、主参数、螺旋桨等相关因素均较为局限,且缺少系统全面的研究,难以为不同船型提供系统的优化方向。
本文以当前的主流船型油船、散货船和集装箱船为对象开展研究,系统全面地探索系列船舶主参数和螺旋桨设计要素对船舶风浪中快速性的影响,为设计人员在初步设计适应风浪环境的船舶时提供指导方向和优化建议。
本文收集整理了三大主流船舶的系列船型,其中包油船10条(2.8万吨至32万吨)、散货船10条(4万吨至32.5万吨)和集装箱船10条(1700箱至20 000箱),具体参数范围详见表1。此后,对系列船型在BF6和BF8海况下的波浪增阻和推进性能开展了计算与分析,其中油船和散货船的计算航速取14 kn,集装箱船的计算航速取18 kn,BF6海况取有义波高3 m、特征周期6.7 s、风速12.6 m/s,BF8海况取有义波高5.5 m、特征周期8.8 s、风速19.0 m/s,而浪向角均取180°(迎浪)。
波浪中船舶阻力的增加主要有两个来源:波浪中船舶运动产生的增阻和船体反射波引起的短波增阻。本文采用切片法对于规则波中的运动增阻RAW1进行计算,并采用经验公式计算短波增阻RAW2,然后相加得到总的波浪增阻RAW[18]为:
通过规则波中计算得到的增阻传递函数,与ITTC双参数谱进行积分运算,得到不规则波中的增阻。结合由中国船舶科学研究中心拖曳水池试验得到的船舶静水模型试验相关数据,可以计算船舶在风浪中的航速功率曲线。通过插值的方式得到船舶在75%主机额定功率下在风浪中的航速Vw与在静水中的航速V0。用失速系数fw表示风浪航速与静水航速之比,如下所示:
中国船舶科学研究中心魏锦芳等[19-20]深入研究了波浪增阻的计算方法,基于二维切片理论自主研发了波浪增阻计算程序,在考虑运动增阻和短波增阻的基础上,进一步研究了fw的计算方法并开发了相应的计算软件,本文即采用该软件进行计算分析。
船舶在风浪中推进效率的计算方法采用ISO 15016推荐的方法[21],即假定船舶在波浪中的伴流分数、推力减额和相对旋转效率与静水中的一致,螺旋桨在波浪中由于阻力的增加引起负荷系数的增加,导致敞水效率下降,从而引起推进效率的降低。计算过程如图1所示,通过快速性模型试验中的敞水数据,结合计算得到的风浪中的阻力,即可得到实船在风浪中的推进效率。
目前设计船用螺旋桨的方法包括图谱设计法和环流理论设计法等。环流理论法是根据流体力学原理中的升力线理论及各类桨叶切面的试验、理论数据进行螺旋桨设计的。该方法较为复杂,在我国应用较少[22]。图谱设计法就是根据螺旋桨敞水系列试验绘制成专用的各类图谱来进行设计,已形成成套的基于Bp-δ型图谱或K-J型图谱的计算步骤与方法,即列表、绘图、插值、计算[23]。用图谱方法设计螺旋桨方便、快捷,比较适合于在船舶设计初期阶段的多方案设计和主参数选择。
本文对于不同螺旋桨的设计选用MAU型螺旋桨图谱。MAU型螺旋桨又称改进AU型,是对原型AU桨在叶梢部分切面的前缘形状进行了局部修正[24]
此外,在进行螺旋桨设计时应对其进行空泡校核,避免出现桨叶表面材料剥蚀,使螺旋桨性能恶化。本文采用伯利尔限界线对图谱设计法设计的螺旋桨进行空泡校核。
为了探寻船舶主参数和波浪增阻的影响,本章采用1.2.1节中的计算方法得到系列船舶在BF6和BF8海况下的波浪增阻,包括运动增阻和短波增阻。图2(a)和图2(b)所示为在BF6和BF8海况下油船、散货船和集装箱船的长度排水量系数与波浪增阻的关系。横坐标取Lpp与排水体积1/3的比值,纵坐标为无量纲波浪增阻Kaw,其计算方式为:
式中,RAW为波浪增阻,ρ为水的密度,g为重力加速度,ζa为有义波高,Lpp为垂线间长。
从结果来看,油船和散货船的Lpp/▽1/3主要在4.5~5.5之间,随着横坐标的增加,Kaw在BF6和BF8的海况下整体呈增加的趋势;集装箱船的Lpp/▽1/3主要在5~6.5之间,随着横坐标的增加,Kaw在BF6的海况下无明显规律,在BF8的海况下则整体呈下降趋势。
波浪增阻由运动增阻和短波增阻共同组成,本节分析了在BF6和BF8海况下不同船型的运动增阻和短波增阻在波浪增阻中的占比情况,横坐标为系列船舶的载重吨,纵坐标为波浪增阻计算结果,结果如图3所示。图3(a)和图3(b)为系列油船在BF6和BF8下的结果,在BF6的海况下运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为63.0%,短波增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为37.0%,在BF8的海况下运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为80.1%,短波增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为19.9%。图3(c)和图3(d)为系列散货船在BF6和BF8中的结果,在BF6的海况下运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为35.2%,短波增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为64.8%,在BF8的海况下运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为65.6%,短波增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为34.4%。图3(e)和图3(f)为系列集装箱船在BF6和BF8中的结果,在BF6的海况下运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为88.3%,短波增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为11.7%,在BF8的海况下运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为93.6%,短波增阻在波浪增阻中占比的平均值为6.4%。
在BF6的海况下,对于油船,其运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比略大于短波增阻,对于散货船则相反,对于集装箱船,其运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比远大于短波增阻。在BF8的海况下,三种船型的运动增阻在波浪增阻中占比均大于短波增阻。结果表明,在BF6的海况下,对于油船和散货船,运动增阻和波浪增阻在波浪增阻优化时均需考虑,而对于集装箱船,则需要重点关注其运动增阻的优化。而随着海况等级的增加,船舶的运动增阻会大幅增加,在波浪增阻中呈现主导趋势,因此需重点考虑运动增阻的优化。
本节分别分析了在BF6海况下系列油船、散货船、集装箱船的长宽比Lpp/B、宽度吃水比B/T、浮心纵向位置L.C.B%Lpp、方形系数Cb、中横剖面系数Cm、纵向棱形系数Cp、垂向棱形系数Cpv、水线面系数Cw与波浪增阻、运动增阻和短波增阻的关系,结果如图4~5所示。对于油船和散货船,其各项主参数的取值范围较为相近,因此本节中对集装箱单独进行分析,对油船和散货船的相关数据进行统一分析。如图4所示,其中仅展示了集装箱船部分主参数的影响结果,可以看到船舶主要参数对于波浪增阻的影响不大。如图5所示,油船和散货船的船舶主参数对于波浪增阻、运动增阻和短波增阻有较大的影响。其中,波浪增阻随着B/TL.C.B%Lpp增大和Lpp/BCbCpCpvCw的减小而增大;运动增阻随着B/TL.C.B%Lpp的增大和Lpp/BCbCmCpCpvCw的减小而增大;短波增阻随着B/TL.C.B%LppCmCw的增大和Lpp/B的减小而增大。因此,对于集装箱船的优化,其主参数对于船舶波浪增阻的影响并不明显,可以考虑从其他角度进行优化,而对于油船和散货船,应考虑多项综合参数的影响。
本章剖析不同船型螺旋桨负荷在风浪中的变化幅值,从螺旋桨轻转的角度研究兼顾静水和风浪中推进性能的螺旋桨设计要素,结合最小安全功率对不同轻转裕度下的螺旋桨进行分析,为技术人员在螺旋桨优化方面提供一定的参考与建议。
对系列船舶的螺旋桨采用图谱法进行重新设计。保持主机功率、转速不变,海上功率裕度取0.15,传递效率取0.99,采用柏利尔校核,改变轻转裕度,分别取5%、8%、10%、12%和15%,得到多个螺旋桨主参数和敞水性能曲线。在BF6的海况下,计算每一艘船舶的不同轻转裕度下螺旋桨的负荷系数,并计算得到在指定航速下的静水推进效率ƞ0、风浪中的推进效率ƞw和失速系数fw
图6中展示了油船、散货船中载重吨较小与较大的典型船(28 000吨油船、320 000吨油船、40 000吨散货船、325 000吨散货船)在不同轻转裕度下的静水推进效率ƞ0、风浪中的推进效率ƞw和失速系数fw。对于不同载重吨的油船、散货船和集装箱船,随着轻转裕度的增加,静水和风浪中的推进效率及失速系数呈明显下降趋势。同时,对于同一船型中不同载重吨的船舶,载重吨越大的船舶其风浪中的推进效率下降程度越小。
本节结合最小安全功率评估要求对不同轻转裕度下的螺旋桨进行分析。分别对油船和散货船中各取载重吨较小与较大的两艘典型船(28 000吨油船、320 000吨油船、40 000吨散货船和325 000吨散货船)进行展示。图7为各船最小安全功率的计算结果。表2中为主机能提供的实际功率P1与所需要功率P的差的百分比ƞ
根据结果分析,28 000吨油船在不同轻转裕度下主机能提供的实际功率比实际所需的大28.74%以上。320 000吨油船在不同轻转裕度下主机能提供的实际功率比实际所需的大10.56%以上。40 000吨散货船在不同轻转裕度下主机能提供的实际功率比实际所需的大26.91%以上。325 000吨油船在不同轻转裕度下主机能提供的实际功率比实际所需的大2.77%以上。从整体结果来看,随着轻转裕度的增加,相同转速下所需要的功率逐渐降低,表明随着轻转裕度的增加,船舶功率的预留空间更加充足。其中,通过同类船型的不同载重吨可以发现,相同轻转裕度下,载重吨较小的船舶其功率预留空间更加充足。
本文以系列油船、散货船和集装箱船为研究对象,开展了对船舶在风浪中快速性影响因素的研究。首先,采用切片法计算在典型海况BF6和BF8下的波浪增阻(包括运动增阻和短波增阻),并结合船舶主参数对BF6海况下的船舶风浪中性能进行分析。其次,采用图谱法对螺旋桨进行重新设计,结合最小安全功率评估要求,研究了螺旋桨轻转裕度对风浪中推进性能的影响。主要结论如下:
(1)在BF6的海况下,对于油船和散货船而言,运动增阻和短波增阻影响相当;对于集装箱船而言,运动增阻的影响远大于短波增阻。而在BF8的海况下,对于油船和散货船而言,运动增阻在总增阻中的比例大幅度增加;对于集装箱船,运动增阻仍然远大于短波增阻。
(2)在船舶主参数上,对于油船和散货船,船舶主参数对于波浪增阻的影响较大,其中波浪增阻随着B/TL.C.B%Lpp增大和Lpp/BCbCpCpvCw的减小而增大;运动增阻随着B/TL.C.B%Lpp的增大和Lpp/BCbCmCpCpvCw的减小而增大;短波增阻随着B/TL.C.B%LppCmCw的增大和Lpp/B的减小而增大。对于集装箱船,其波浪增阻等受到船舶参数影响较小。对于油船、散货船和集装箱船在风浪中的性能优化需要区别对待,应综合考虑多项参数的影响。
(3)从螺旋桨设计角度,随着轻转裕度的增加,油船、散货船和集装箱船的静水推进效率和风浪推进效率均降低。同时,随着轻转裕度的增加,同一船舶在风浪中所需的收到功率逐渐减小,船舶最小安全功率也更容易满足,即船舶在风浪中储备的功率更多。
本文的分析结果能够为技术人员后续进行风浪中船舶性能优化提供有益参考,对实现绿色节能船舶的目标具有积极意义。
  • 船舶CAE研发应用项目
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2025年第29卷第10期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.10.003
  • 接收时间:2025-04-15
  • 首发时间:2026-03-26
  • 出版时间:2025-10-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-15
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    中国船舶科学研究中心 上海分部,上海 200001

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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