Article(id=1243896356390159304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741795200000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774497601839, onlineDateStr=2026-03-26, pubDate=1758297600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774497601839, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774497601839, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774497601839, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243896350367134664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2025', volume='29', issue='9', pageStart='1343', pageEnd='1498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774497600404, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774501609474, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1423, endPage=1434, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243896356885087187, articleId=1243896356390159304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=Numerical simulation of icing on the surface of ship's vertical structure due to the impact by multiple water droplets, columnId=1241023037940748650, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Hydrodynamics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The phenomenon of icing on the surface of superstructure of ships and marine structures is the result of a large number of water droplets impacting on the cold wall surface to form a water film and then accumulating ice. And surely, at a high wind speed more water droplets often collide with vertical structures. The movement and freezing behaviors of water droplets can have a significant effect on the icing process and final icing shape on the surface of the structures. Based on the VOSET gas-liquid interface tracking method coupling with VOF and Level-Set, and Enthalpy-Porosity phase change method, a unidirectional coupling model between water droplets and isolated cold plate was established using the large coefficient method. Simulation of the freezing process of a single water droplet impacting an isolated cold plate was achieved, and the phenomenon of the air entrainment was reproduced. The effects of factors such as water droplet velocity, component surface wettability on the freezing process were analyzed. The process of multiple water droplets impacting a vertical structure surface to form a liquid film and freeze was further simulated. The relevant results can provide technical support for the prediction of the typical component surface icing of superstructure and the study of anti-icing and de-icing methods.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yong-kui WANG, Feng LI, Chun-yang WANG, Shu-jie ZHANG, Yan-zhuo XUE, Qing WANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1243896365630210336, articleId=1243896356390159304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=CN, title=多水滴撞击船舶垂直结构表面结冰数值模拟, columnId=1241023038087549292, journalTitle=船舶力学, columnName=流体力学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

船舶与海洋结构物的上层建筑结构表面结冰现象,是较多水滴撞击冷壁面先形成水膜、然后积冰的结果,在较大风速下,水滴会更多地与垂直结构发生碰撞,水滴运动及冻结行为会对结构表面结冰过程及最终冰形产生较大影响。本文基于耦合VOF和Level-Set的VOSET气-液界面追踪方法以及焓-孔隙度相变方法,采用大系数法建立了水滴-孤立冷板单向耦合模型,实现了单水滴撞击孤立冷板冻结过程模拟,再现了空气卷吸现象,分析了水滴运动速度和构件表面润湿性等因素对结冰过程的影响,并进一步模拟了多水滴撞击垂直结构表面形成液膜并冻结的过程,相关结果可为上层建筑典型部件表面结冰的预测及防冰、除冰方法的研究提供技术支撑。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
通讯作者,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=gVf5qHhZW0e4UkAC9htFag==, magXml=1VO6gzw+rILR+84QFCZ9mQ==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=UjxdFsS/gBuhy6vj75fcTw==, pdfFileSize=3848359, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=6zAAj82QN2785T4oGrcxjw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=dS+w98v77ON6WiKEz9vCBA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

王永魁(1993-),男,博士,助理研究员

李锋(1981-),男,博士,副研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

, authorsList=王永魁, 李锋, 王春阳, 张淑杰, 薛彦卓, 王庆)}, authors=[Author(id=1243896366204830009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243896366339047744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896366204830009, language=EN, stringName=Yong-kui WANG, firstName=Yong-kui, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243896366511014215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896366204830009, language=CN, stringName=王永魁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001, bio={"content":"

王永魁(1993-),男,博士,助理研究员

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

王永魁(1993-),男,博士,助理研究员

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366003503406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366011892015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366020280625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001)])]), Author(id=1243896366632649037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=lifeng@hrbeu.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243896366754283861, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896366632649037, language=EN, stringName=Feng LI, firstName=Feng, middleName=null, lastName=LI, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243896366926250328, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896366632649037, language=CN, stringName=李锋, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001, bio={"content":"

李锋(1981-),男,博士,副研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李锋(1981-),男,博士,副研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366003503406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366011892015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366020280625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001)])]), Author(id=1243896367064662367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243896367324709221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896367064662367, language=EN, stringName=Chun-yang WANG, firstName=Chun-yang, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243896367492481389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896367064662367, language=CN, stringName=王春阳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366003503406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366011892015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366020280625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001)])]), Author(id=1243896367660253556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243896367781888379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896367660253556, language=EN, stringName=Shu-jie ZHANG, firstName=Shu-jie, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243896368083878272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896367660253556, language=CN, stringName=张淑杰, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366003503406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366011892015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366020280625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001)])]), Author(id=1243896368364896647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243896368524280208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896368364896647, language=EN, stringName=Yan-zhuo XUE, firstName=Yan-zhuo, middleName=null, lastName=XUE, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243896368645915031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896368364896647, language=CN, stringName=薛彦卓, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366003503406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366011892015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366020280625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001)])]), Author(id=1243896368738189723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1243896368876601758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896368738189723, language=EN, stringName=Qing WANG, firstName=Qing, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1243896368977265059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, authorId=1243896368738189723, language=CN, stringName=王庆, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366003503406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366011892015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366020280625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1243896369090511271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=multiple water droplets), Keyword(id=1243896369296032172, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=vertical structure), Keyword(id=1243896369392501169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=impacting), Keyword(id=1243896369497358775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=icing), Keyword(id=1243896369715462587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=numerical simulation), Keyword(id=1243896369811931586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=多水滴), Keyword(id=1243896369895817670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=垂直结构), Keyword(id=1243896370017452491, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=撞击), Keyword(id=1243896370109727184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=结冰), Keyword(id=1243896370315248087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=数值模拟)], refs=[Reference(id=1243896374354362965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Bird K J, Charpentier R R, Gautier D L, journalName=USGS Fact Shect, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bird K J, Charpentier R R, Gautier D L, et al. Circum-Arctic resource appraisal: Estimates of undiscovered oil and gas north of the Arctic Circle[R]. USGS Fact Shect, 2008., articleTitle=Circum-Arctic resource appraisal: Estimates of undiscovered oil and gas north of the Arctic Circle, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896374555689568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=40, pageEnd=43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=丁克茂, 刘雷, 卫国兵, journalName=航海, refType=null, unstructuredReference=丁克茂,刘雷,卫国兵. 北极东北航道船舶通行现状及航海保障能力分析[J]. 航海2017(5):40-43., articleTitle=北极东北航道船舶通行现状及航海保障能力分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896374639575652, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=null, issue=5, pageStart=40, pageEnd=43, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Ding K M, Liu L, Wei G B, journalName=Navigation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ding K M, Liu L, Wei G B. Analysis of ship traffic status and navigation support capabilities of the Arctic Northeast Passage[J]. Navigation, 2017(5): 40-43. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Analysis of ship traffic status and navigation support capabilities of the Arctic Northeast Passage, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896374752821862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=65, issue=1, pageStart=97, pageEnd=110, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Ryerson C C, journalName=Cold Regions Science and Technology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ryerson C C. Ice protection of offshore platforms[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2011, 65(1): 97-110., articleTitle=Ice protection of offshore platforms, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896374891233901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1981, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=201, pageEnd=225, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Hirt C W, Nichols B D, journalName=Journal of Computational Physics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hirt C W, Nichols B D. Volume of fluid (VOF) method for the dynamics of free boundaries[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 1981, 39(1): 201-225., articleTitle=Volume of fluid (VOF) method for the dynamics of free boundaries, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896374987702898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1982, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Youngs D L, journalName=Time-dependent multi-material flow with large fluid distortion, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Youngs D L. Time-dependent multi-material flow with large fluid distortion[M]. Academic Press, 1982., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375109337718, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1994, volume=114, issue=1, pageStart=146, pageEnd=159, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Sussman M, Smereka P, Osher S, journalName=J Comput Phys, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sussman M, Smereka P, Osher S. A Level Set approach for computing solutions to incompressible two-phase flow[J]. J Comput Phys, 1994, 114(1): 146-159., articleTitle=A Level Set approach for computing solutions to incompressible two-phase flow, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375214195321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=35, issue=40, pageStart=13062, pageEnd=13069, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Yun S, Kim I, journalName=Langmuir, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yun S, Kim I. Spreading dynamics and the residence time of ellipsoidal drops on a solid surface[J]. Langmuir, 2019, 35(40): 13062-13069., articleTitle=Spreading dynamics and the residence time of ellipsoidal drops on a solid surface, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375335830141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=33, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Li W, Wang J X, Zhu C L, journalName=Physics of Fluids, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li W, Wang J X, Zhu C L, et al. Numerical investigation of droplet impact on a solid superhydrophobic surface[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2021, 33(6): 063310., articleTitle=Numerical investigation of droplet impact on a solid superhydrophobic surface, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375415521917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=162, issue=2, pageStart=301, pageEnd=337, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Sussman M, Puckett E G, journalName=Journal of Computational Physics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sussman M, Puckett E G. A coupled Level Set and volume-of-fluid method for computing 3D and axisymmetric incompressible two-phase flows[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 2000, 162(2): 301-337., articleTitle=A coupled Level Set and volume-of-fluid method for computing 3D and axisymmetric incompressible two-phase flows, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375503602305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=29, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Liu X H, Zhao Y M, Chen S, journalName=Physics of Fluids, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu X H, Zhao Y M, Chen S, et al. Numerical research on the dynamic characteristics of a droplet impacting a hydrophobic tube[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2017, 29(6): 062105., articleTitle=Numerical research on the dynamic characteristics of a droplet impacting a hydrophobic tube, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375579099781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=32, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Liu C B, Liu Q, Lin Z H, journalName=Physics of Fluids, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu C B, Liu Q, Lin Z H. Dynamical behavior of droplets transiently impacting on superhydrophobic microstructures[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2020, 32:103304., articleTitle=Dynamical behavior of droplets transiently impacting on superhydrophobic microstructures, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375662985868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=53, issue=4, pageStart=645, pageEnd=655, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Sun D L, Tao W Q, journalName=International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun D L, Tao W Q. A coupled volume-of-fluid and level set (VOSET) method for computing incompressible two-phase flows[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 53(4): 645-655., articleTitle=A coupled volume-of-fluid and level set (VOSET) method for computing incompressible two-phase flows, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375755260559, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=33, issue=4, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Wang Y K, Ju L, Han D F, journalName=Physics of Fluids, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang Y K, Ju L, Han D F, et al. Numerical investigation of the impacting and freezing process of a single supercooled water droplet[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2021, 33(4): 042114., articleTitle=Numerical investigation of the impacting and freezing process of a single supercooled water droplet, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375826563731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2005, volume=17, issue=6, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Šikalo Š, Wilhelm H-D, Roisman I V, journalName=Physics of Fluids, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Šikalo Š, Wilhelm H-D, Roisman I V, et al. Dynamic contact angle of spreading droplets: Experiments and simulations[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2005, 17(6): 062103., articleTitle=Dynamic contact angle of spreading droplets: Experiments and simulations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375918838420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=87, issue=null, pageStart=175, pageEnd=182, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Zhao J N, Li X P, Cheng P, journalName=International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao J N, Li X P, Cheng P. Lattice Boltzmann simulation of a droplet impact and freezing on cold surfaces[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 87:175-182., articleTitle=Lattice Boltzmann simulation of a droplet impact and freezing on cold surfaces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896375990141591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Blake J D, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Blake J D. Simulation of the impact and solidification of supercooled water droplets[D]. USA: Mississippi State University, 2013., articleTitle=Simulation of the impact and solidification of supercooled water droplets, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376090804891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Blake J D, Thompson D S, Raps D M, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Blake J D, Thompson D S, Raps D M, et al. Effects of surface characteristics and droplet diameter on the freezing of supercooled water droplets impacting a cooled substrate[C]//Proceedings of the 6th AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference, Atlanta, GA, F 16-20 June, 2014., articleTitle=Effects of surface characteristics and droplet diameter on the freezing of supercooled water droplets impacting a cooled substrate, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376195662495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=419, issue=null, pageStart=52, pageEnd=62, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Yao Y N, Li C, Zhang H, journalName=Applied Surface Science, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yao Y N, Li C, Zhang H, et al. Modelling the impact, spreading and freezing of a water droplet on horizontal and inclined superhydrophobic cooled surfaces[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2017, 419:52-62., articleTitle=Modelling the impact, spreading and freezing of a water droplet on horizontal and inclined superhydrophobic cooled surfaces, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376266965667, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=137, issue=null, pageStart=83, pageEnd=92, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Yao Y N, Li C, Tao Z X, journalName=Applied Thermal Engineering, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yao Y N, Li C, Tao Z X, et al. Experimental and numerical study on the impact and freezing process of a water droplet on a cold surface[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 137:83-92., articleTitle=Experimental and numerical study on the impact and freezing process of a water droplet on a cold surface, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376350851749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=null, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Blake J D, Thompson D S, Raps D M, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Blake J D, Thompson D S, Raps D M, et al. Simulating the freezing of supercooled water droplets impacting a cooled substrate[C]//Proceedings of the 52nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting,National Harbor, Maryland F13-17 January, 2014. National Harbor, Maryland., articleTitle=Simulating the freezing of supercooled water droplets impacting a cooled substrate, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376447320744, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=159, pageEnd=164, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=21, authorNames=张旋, 吴晓敏, 闵敬春, journalName=工程热物理学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张旋,吴晓敏,闵敬春. 冷壁上单个静止过冷液滴冻结过程的数值模拟[J]. 工程热物理学报2018, 39(1):159-164., articleTitle=冷壁上单个静止过冷液滴冻结过程的数值模拟, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376527012522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=39, issue=1, pageStart=159, pageEnd=164, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Zhang X, Wu X M, Min J C, journalName=Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang X, Wu X M, Min J C. Numerical simulation of the freezing process of a single stationary supercooled droplet on the cold wall[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2018, 39(1): 159-164. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Numerical simulation of the freezing process of a single stationary supercooled droplet on the cold wall, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376640258733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=127, issue=null, pageStart=975, pageEnd=985, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Zhang X, Liu X, Wu X M, journalName=International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang X, Liu X, Wu X M, et al. Simulation and experiment on supercooled sessile water droplet freezing with special attention to supercooling and volume expansion effects[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2018, 127:975-985., articleTitle=Simulation and experiment on supercooled sessile water droplet freezing with special attention to supercooling and volume expansion effects, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376707367600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=24, authorNames=陶文铨, journalName=数值传热学(第2版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=陶文铨. 数值传热学(第2版)[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376782865075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2001, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Tao W Q, journalName=Numerical heat transfer, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Tao W Q. Numerical heat transfer (2nd edition)[M]. Xi'an: Xi'an Jiaotong University Press, 2001. (in Chinese), articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376870945462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=26, authorNames=张旋, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=张旋. 过冷水滴的结冰与碰撞及其耦合特性研究[D]. 北京;清华大学,2019., articleTitle=过冷水滴的结冰与碰撞及其耦合特性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896376946442935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Zhang X, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang X. Research on icing and collision of supercooled water droplets and their coupling characteristics[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2019. (in Chinese), articleTitle=Research on icing and collision of supercooled water droplets and their coupling characteristics, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243896377051300538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=15, issue=1, pageStart=173, pageEnd=183, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Mehdi-Nejad V, Mostaghimi J, Chandra S, journalName=Physics of Fluids, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mehdi-Nejad V, Mostaghimi J, Chandra S. Air bubble entrapment under an impacting droplet[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2003, 15(1): 173-183., articleTitle=Air bubble entrapment under an impacting droplet, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243896374232728143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, awardId=52401319; 52192690; 52192695, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(52401319; 52192690; 52192695), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366003503406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366011892015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366020280625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, companyId=1243896366003503406, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1243896370613043680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Physical process of the sea water droplet icing, figureFileSmall=QiPNHYhk1Lfvlb3JhcjGIw==, figureFileBig=6zAAj82QN2785T4oGrcxjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896370751455717, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图1, caption=海水飞沫结冰物理过程, figureFileSmall=QiPNHYhk1Lfvlb3JhcjGIw==, figureFileBig=6zAAj82QN2785T4oGrcxjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371225412078, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Basic idea of VOSET method, figureFileSmall=v85J0x7wzSvrKQRTKO8cOA==, figureFileBig=V1P/E74iAEfQyjvKAvnlcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371544179187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图2, caption=VOSET方法基本思路, figureFileSmall=v85J0x7wzSvrKQRTKO8cOA==, figureFileBig=V1P/E74iAEfQyjvKAvnlcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371644842488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Morphological comparisons of supercooled water droplets during movement (Experimental images from Ref. [24]), figureFileSmall=Vr/8SOj1FiXvi0Cn1OG11A==, figureFileBig=xm7Z8PLMXQbc0b/akCjd8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896372051689984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图3, caption=过冷水滴运动过程中的形态对比(实验图片来自文献[24]), figureFileSmall=Vr/8SOj1FiXvi0Cn1OG11A==, figureFileBig=xm7Z8PLMXQbc0b/akCjd8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896372257210883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Comparison of the simulation results of the this paper with the experimental results of reference[24], figureFileSmall=jodPKVAiF8tirSBLf8MMTA==, figureFileBig=WAc6+WUF8HWGudYUyUXsRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896372374651396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图4, caption=本文模拟结果与文献实验结果[24]对比, figureFileSmall=jodPKVAiF8tirSBLf8MMTA==, figureFileBig=WAc6+WUF8HWGudYUyUXsRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896372588560909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Schematic diagram of the water droplet impacting vertical cold plate, figureFileSmall=Gw7ANDpzo4XF+SoiNp9lDg==, figureFileBig=WlhHanBY0DMU5s9agB75HQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896372861190677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图5, caption=水滴撞击垂直冷板示意图, figureFileSmall=Gw7ANDpzo4XF+SoiNp9lDg==, figureFileBig=WlhHanBY0DMU5s9agB75HQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896372978631196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Air bubble entrapment after water droplets impinging on the cold plate, figureFileSmall=MypAXr12uMPsrcg/lDdbBA==, figureFileBig=NTBAyqNriS+/AweIPl3HGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373058322978, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图6, caption=水滴撞击冷板后空气卷吸过程, figureFileSmall=MypAXr12uMPsrcg/lDdbBA==, figureFileBig=NTBAyqNriS+/AweIPl3HGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373142209061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Influence of different variables on the dimensionless spreading frontier, figureFileSmall=9bcNRdHVY+WH1ri9LSwd6A==, figureFileBig=f9Ee55u37VjU1qMa1tLeyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373276426793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图7, caption=不同变量对无量纲铺展前沿的影响, figureFileSmall=9bcNRdHVY+WH1ri9LSwd6A==, figureFileBig=f9Ee55u37VjU1qMa1tLeyA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373385478704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Motion-freezing process of water droplets with different initial velocities, figureFileSmall=TZnnyTZTohsoP2e+KZu3Dw==, figureFileBig=aND1pIyNNKFg7cxR22TcGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373498724917, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同初始速度条件下水滴运动-冻结过程, figureFileSmall=TZnnyTZTohsoP2e+KZu3Dw==, figureFileBig=aND1pIyNNKFg7cxR22TcGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373645525563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Motion-freezing of water droplets after impacting surfaces with different contact angles, figureFileSmall=ag68fnWpom8Xhav782eyeg==, figureFileBig=o47CXrdtXAVRKlMFGt91CQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373867823683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=图9, caption=多水滴撞击不同接触角表面后运动-冻结情况, figureFileSmall=ag68fnWpom8Xhav782eyeg==, figureFileBig=o47CXrdtXAVRKlMFGt91CQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373985264198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Physical parameters of gas, liquid and solid phases

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数单位空气(25 ℃)纯水(25 ℃)纯水(0.1 ℃)纯冰(−0.1℃)
潜热值LkJ/kg/333.4333.4/
动力粘度µPa·s17.8941153.81791.1/
热传导κW/(m·K)0.02550.5890.5612.16
密度ρkg/m31.225999.1999.8916.7
比热cJ/(kg·K)1005419042202100
表面张力系数σm·N/m/72.7475.65/
), ArticleFig(id=1243896374098510409, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896356390159304, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

气液固三相的物性参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数单位空气(25 ℃)纯水(25 ℃)纯水(0.1 ℃)纯冰(−0.1℃)
潜热值LkJ/kg/333.4333.4/
动力粘度µPa·s17.8941153.81791.1/
热传导κW/(m·K)0.02550.5890.5612.16
密度ρkg/m31.225999.1999.8916.7
比热cJ/(kg·K)1005419042202100
表面张力系数σm·N/m/72.7475.65/
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1240685663704625163, delFlag=0, nameCn=船舶力学, nameEn=Journal of Ship Mechanics, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1007-7294, eissn=null, cn=32-1468/U, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=8VABIsgSw5I4HF/4goaIlA==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Ship Mechanics, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1773732113054, updatedTime=1773732336269, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=8VABIsgSw5I4HF/4goaIlA==, picEn=Ve/8A/FRYceS/z8o7GCJ5g==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1240686600003318325, language=CN, name=船舶力学, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773732336283, updatedTime=1773732336283, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://cblx.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorD3N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://cblx.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorD3N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://cblx.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorD3N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1240686600041067062, language=EN, name=Journal of Ship Mechanics, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1773732336292, updatedTime=1773732336292, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://cblx.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorD3N/index.aspx?t=1, submissionEditorUrl=https://cblx.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorD3N/index.aspx?t=3, submissionReviewUrl=https://cblx.cbpt.cnki.net/EditorD3N/index.aspx?t=2, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1240685776644648972, websiteList=[Website(id=1240686760611607145, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1240685776644648972, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/CN, language=CN, createTime=1773732374576, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773732394922, updateBy=18614031015, name=船舶力学-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=船舶力学, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1240687166741869216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773732471404, updateTime=1773732471404, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166725091997, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773732471400, updateTime=1773732471400, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166758646435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773732471408, updateTime=1773732471408, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166716703388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/CN/file/pic?fileId=/ZVjg3ao2vf5wYxw5Kn1Uw==, createTime=1773732471398, updateTime=1773732471398, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166771229349, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773732471411, updateTime=1773732471411, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166737674911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/CN/file/pic, createTime=1773732471403, updateTime=1773732471403, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166767035044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773732471410, updateTime=1773732471410, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166729286302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1773732471401, updateTime=1773732471401, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166750257825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773732471406, updateTime=1773732471406, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687166754452130, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760611607145, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773732471407, updateTime=1773732471407, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1240686760674521707, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1240685776644648972, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/EN, language=EN, createTime=1773732374590, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1773732413338, updateBy=18614031015, name=船舶力学-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Ship Mechanics, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1240687194269078438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1773732477967, updateTime=1773732477967, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194248106915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1773732477962, updateTime=1773732477962, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194285855657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1773732477971, updateTime=1773732477971, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194239718306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/EN/file/pic?fileId=/ZVjg3ao2vf5wYxw5Kn1Uw==, createTime=1773732477960, updateTime=1773732477960, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194302632875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1773732477975, updateTime=1773732477975, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194260689829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/EN/file/pic, createTime=1773732477965, updateTime=1773732477965, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194294244266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1773732477973, updateTime=1773732477973, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194256495524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1773732477964, updateTime=1773732477964, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194277467047, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1773732477969, updateTime=1773732477969, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1240687194281661352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1240686760674521707, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1773732477970, updateTime=1773732477970, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=船舶力学, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=https://cblx.cbpt.cnki.net/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Ship Mechanics, journalPhotoCn=8VABIsgSw5I4HF/4goaIlA==, journalPhotoEn=Ve/8A/FRYceS/z8o7GCJ5g==, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/EN/10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/CN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/EN/PDF/10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
多水滴撞击船舶垂直结构表面结冰数值模拟
收藏切换
PDF下载
王永魁 , 李锋 , 王春阳 , 张淑杰 , 薛彦卓 , 王庆
船舶力学 | 流体力学 2025,29(9): 1423-1434
收起
收藏切换
船舶力学 | 流体力学 2025, 29(9): 1423-1434
多水滴撞击船舶垂直结构表面结冰数值模拟
全屏
王永魁, 李锋 , 王春阳, 张淑杰, 薛彦卓, 王庆
作者信息
  • 哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001
  • 王永魁(1993-),男,博士,助理研究员

    李锋(1981-),男,博士,副研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
Numerical simulation of icing on the surface of ship's vertical structure due to the impact by multiple water droplets
Yong-kui WANG, Feng LI , Chun-yang WANG, Shu-jie ZHANG, Yan-zhuo XUE, Qing WANG
Affiliations
  • Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
出版时间: 2025-09-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008
文章导航
收藏切换

船舶与海洋结构物的上层建筑结构表面结冰现象,是较多水滴撞击冷壁面先形成水膜、然后积冰的结果,在较大风速下,水滴会更多地与垂直结构发生碰撞,水滴运动及冻结行为会对结构表面结冰过程及最终冰形产生较大影响。本文基于耦合VOF和Level-Set的VOSET气-液界面追踪方法以及焓-孔隙度相变方法,采用大系数法建立了水滴-孤立冷板单向耦合模型,实现了单水滴撞击孤立冷板冻结过程模拟,再现了空气卷吸现象,分析了水滴运动速度和构件表面润湿性等因素对结冰过程的影响,并进一步模拟了多水滴撞击垂直结构表面形成液膜并冻结的过程,相关结果可为上层建筑典型部件表面结冰的预测及防冰、除冰方法的研究提供技术支撑。

多水滴  /  垂直结构  /  撞击  /  结冰  /  数值模拟

The phenomenon of icing on the surface of superstructure of ships and marine structures is the result of a large number of water droplets impacting on the cold wall surface to form a water film and then accumulating ice. And surely, at a high wind speed more water droplets often collide with vertical structures. The movement and freezing behaviors of water droplets can have a significant effect on the icing process and final icing shape on the surface of the structures. Based on the VOSET gas-liquid interface tracking method coupling with VOF and Level-Set, and Enthalpy-Porosity phase change method, a unidirectional coupling model between water droplets and isolated cold plate was established using the large coefficient method. Simulation of the freezing process of a single water droplet impacting an isolated cold plate was achieved, and the phenomenon of the air entrainment was reproduced. The effects of factors such as water droplet velocity, component surface wettability on the freezing process were analyzed. The process of multiple water droplets impacting a vertical structure surface to form a liquid film and freeze was further simulated. The relevant results can provide technical support for the prediction of the typical component surface icing of superstructure and the study of anti-icing and de-icing methods.

multiple water droplets  /  vertical structure  /  impacting  /  icing  /  numerical simulation
王永魁, 李锋, 王春阳, 张淑杰, 薛彦卓, 王庆. 多水滴撞击船舶垂直结构表面结冰数值模拟. 船舶力学, 2025 , 29 (9) : 1423 -1434 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008
Yong-kui WANG, Feng LI, Chun-yang WANG, Shu-jie ZHANG, Yan-zhuo XUE, Qing WANG. Numerical simulation of icing on the surface of ship's vertical structure due to the impact by multiple water droplets[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2025 , 29 (9) : 1423 -1434 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008
北极地区因常年冰雪覆盖、气候恶劣而沉寂多时,近年来逐渐受到了广泛关注,一方面,北极地区油气和矿产资源丰富,拥有全球13%的未探明石油储量和30%的未开发天然气储量[1];另一方面,全球气候变暖导致北极海冰加速融化,极地航运船舶可在夏季实现常规通航,北极东北航道和西北航道交通流量正逐年上升[2]。然而,北极地区低温多冰、环境恶劣,极地航行船舶与作业平台常遭遇结冰事故。就极地船舶而言,上世纪60至80年代,美国、前苏联等国家统计了格陵兰海、波罗的海等高纬度海域的东西部舰船结冰事件,多达3000起;2020年5月初,北约组织舰队前往巴伦支海执行“自由巡航”演习任务时,途中遭遇恶劣低温天气,舰载雷达和武器等装备因结冰而失效,演习被迫中止;结冰现象会造成极地船舶与海洋结构物表面附着积冰,大量积冰的存在会降低船舶及海洋平台稳性,严重时造成倾覆事故,还会造成船艏绞盘、阀门和通信天线等甲板设备冻结而出现故障,耽误正常航行或作业,结冰问题已成为直接阻碍各国对极地的合理开发与利用的重要因素。
积冰对船舶与海洋结构物造成的具体危害取决于结冰类型。结构物结冰主要包括大气结冰(atmospheric icing)和海水飞沫结冰(sea spray icing),有研究表明,在所有低温海域,80%以上的海上结构物结冰是由于海水飞沫所致[3]。如图1所示,海水飞沫结冰的主要来源是浪致飞沫,是一种产生于船艏或海洋结构物底部附近的短的、近似周期性的水通量。
图1可见,船艏与海浪碰撞后会形成大量由盐水液滴组成的飞沫团。飞沫团在自身重力及风力作用下产生运动,撞击结构表面后形成盐水膜;在气动剪切力、重力和表面张力共同作用下,盐水膜内一部分盐水以液态形式沿结构表面运动,形成“径流”现象,另一部分盐水在结构表面低温(低于−2 ℃)作用下成核、冻结,形成附着冰。传统结冰预报模型中将水滴简化为外形和质量不变的球形单元,但实际结冰环境中,单个过冷水滴运动至结构表面时,在不同表面润湿性、空气温度及运动速度等条件下,可能呈现未碰撞、碰撞铺展、回缩弹离、粘附冻结等多种动力学及热力学行为;当多个过冷盐水滴运动至结构表面时,存在先撞击的水滴附着未冻结、后撞击的水滴也附着在表面的情况。由此可见,水滴行为对盐水膜形成及结冰过程有较大影响,因此需在现有预报模型中考虑水滴动力学及热力学因素以提高预报准确性。上述过程主要涉及水滴运动的气-液界面和水滴冻结的固-液界面的追踪。
在气-液界面追踪方面,已发展出许多数值方法,如线段法、边界积分法、移动网格方法、PIC方法、分段线性界面计算(PLIC)方法、MAC方法、VOF方法[4-5]和Level Set方法[6]等,其中VOF方法和Level Set方法应用最广泛,VOF方法[4]引入流体体积分数α来定义两相流系统,通过求解每个计算网格中的目标流体体积分数确定相态。Yun等[7]使用VOF方法探究了椭球状液滴初始形状对撞击后液滴在固体表面停留时间的影响。而Level Set方法采用符号距离函数连续表示运动界面,能够保证界面物理量的光顺连续,由于它仅关注界面处符号距离值的变化,整体质量守恒性较差。Li等(2021)[8]运用Level Set方法,模拟了微尺度水滴撞击超疏水固体壁面的过程,结果与其实验数据基本一致。上述两种方法优缺点互补,所以发展一种结合两种方法优点的复合方法成为必然趋势。随后,学者Sussman等(2000)[9]提出了Coupled Level Set and VOF方法(CLSVOF),将VOF方法良好的质量守恒性和Level Set方法处理界面局部尖角的优势相结合。该方法已被用于水滴撞击特殊表面运动过程中的界面追踪,如圆柱[10]、液膜、超疏水微观结构[11]等,但CLSVOF方法需要同时计算体积分数和符号距离函数方程,过程较复杂,为此Sun等(2010)[12]提出了比CLSVOF方法计算更为高效准确的耦合VOF和Level Set的VOSET方法,该方法仅需求解体积分数方程,而符号距离函数值通过几何迭代获得,从而节省了计算资源,在两相流计算领域得到了广泛应用。鉴于VOSET方法在计算高分辨率相界面方面的优越性,Wang等(2021)[13]将该方法应用于水滴撞击冷壁面过程中的气-液界面的追踪中,模拟结果与文献[14]中实验数据基本吻合。
在固-液界面追踪方面,Zhao等(2017)[15]基于格子玻尔兹曼方法(LBM)模拟了低温点上饱和液滴的撞击和冻结过程,但并未与实验结果对比,该方法主要依赖固相线和液相线温度,更便于模拟金属凝固问题。Blake等(2013,2014)[16-17]基于传统焓方法建立了水滴撞击及凝固冻结的模拟方法,其冻结由再辉结束后开始,利用该方法分析了表面特性和液滴直径对过冷水滴冻结过程的影响。Yao等(2017,2018)[18-19]用同样方法模拟了水滴撞击倾斜表面冻结过程。Blake等(2013,2014)[20]基于焓-孔隙度方法,采用ANSYS Fluent模拟了水滴自由下落到壁面冻结过程,考虑了表面润湿性等因素影响,但将固-液两相的物性参数视为相同,且没有考虑体积膨胀现象的影响。张旋等(2018)[21-22]运用上述方法,模拟了单个静止过冷水滴的冻结过程,结果与实验吻合良好,并通过经验公式考虑了静止液滴的变形问题,冻结过程中水滴视为固定不变。
综上,CLSVOF方法和VOSET方法在追踪气-液两相流动界面时优势明显,焓-孔隙度方法易被广泛应用于处理固-液相变问题,已有较多学者对单水滴撞击-冻结过程的动力学及热力学行为进行了有益探索,但对多水滴撞击垂直冷板后形成水膜并冻结的过程研究较少,一定程度上限制了海上结构物上层建筑结冰预报模型的准确性。为此,本文基于耦合VOF和Level-Set的VOSET气-液界面追踪方法和焓-孔隙度相变方法,采用大系数法建立水滴-孤立冷板单向耦合模型,模拟多水滴撞击孤立冷板的冻结过程,为完善船舶上层建筑结冰预报体系提供精细输入和科学指导。
水滴撞击壁面后的铺展、回缩和弹离等动力学行为是一种典型的气液两相流动现象。本文所研究的流体是具有不可压缩、层流、瞬态等特点的牛顿流体,将密度视为不随时间变化,质量守恒方程为
式中,∇·()和div()均表示散度。
动量方程(Navier-Stokes方程,以下简称N-S方程)可表达为
式中,ρ为密度,t为时间,uv分别是速度矢量xy方向上的分量,µ为动力粘度,p为压力项,grad()为梯度符号,SuSv是N-S方程的广义源项,可包括体力、表面张力等无法并入瞬态项、对流项、扩散项及压力等项的其他项。
针对本文空气中水滴运动场景,离散相和连续相的N-S方程可整合为一组方程如下:
式中,Fsf为表面张力源项,体现气-液界面处的表面张力作用,其与源项S的定义详见文献[13]。
VOSET方法综合了VOF方法和Level Set方法的优点,其重点在于如何建立流体体积分数α和Level Set函数φ的联系。如图2所示,首先,基于VOF方法,采用PLIC界面重构算法确定气-液界面类型和其大概位置;其次,用几何迭代方法求解符号距离函数,从而得到准确而连续的界面位置;最后,用φ求解界面曲率、表面张力等界面物性参数,从而保证了界面及其物性的光顺和准确。
焓-孔隙度方法将固-液混合区域(也称为糊状区域)视为多孔介质,固体保持静止,而液体在多孔结构中流动。孔隙度通过液相分数β表示,β=1表示全为液相,β=0表示全为固相。针对牛顿流体凝固/融化问题(对流-扩散),存在基于焓建立的能量方程:
式中,κ为热传导率,单位为W/(m·K);H为单位体积中物质的总焓,由体积内显焓h和混合物潜热∆H组成,即H=h + ∆H,显焓h可表示为:
式中,一般直接取h=cpT,潜热∆H表示为∆H=βLL为液体潜热。将H=h+∆H=cT +βL代入式(4)得
式中,Sh为源项,由不含待求变量T的项组成,其形式为
将典型构件简化为计算域内的“孤立冷板”,即冷板边界与计算域外边界不相连,接下来介绍孤立冷板的数值处理方法。本文将孤立冷板(固体)纳入流体计算域内作为一个整体进行求解,总体处理思路是令冷板区域内速度为零,温度为给定零下值。采用大系数法[23]使冷板内温度取给定值Tcold,即在求解温度代数方程组前,令冷板内节点Pij对应下述离散方程:
式中,TP为主节点温度,TWTETSTN分别代表主节点周围节点的温度,aP为主节点系数,aWaEaSaN分别代表主节点周围节点的系数,b为方程常数项,aP=A, b=ATcold,其中,A为一较大值(如1030),如此处理,冷板内节点Pi,j对应温度Ti,j可恒取给定值Tcold
冷板区域内速度场恒为零的条件可仿照上述方法实现,本文孤立冷板数值方法在同一套网格体系中实现了流体域和固体域的统一求解,避免了对流体网格和固体网格单独建模,更易于编程实现。冷板表面接触角边界条件依旧通过符号距离函数φ来施加。
值得注意的是,上述处理是将流体计算域中部分区域内速度强制为零,而温度为给定值,从而实现“孤立冷板”效果,故孤立冷板没有物性参数,液体或气体与冷板的作用通过接触边界条件影响。空气、液态水滴、固体冰的物性参数如表1所示。
本文通过Fortran语言编程,建立了水滴撞击冷板冻结数值模型,为验证模型准确性,本节在距离平板上表面一个水滴半径高位置,设置了初速度为给定值的水滴,模拟其铺展-回缩等运动过程。本文数值模型中采用流体体积分数α区分气液两相,同时采用液相分数β区分固液两相,引入混合分数f=(α+β)/2来区分气液固三相:f=1代表气相,f=0.5代表液相,f=0.3代表固体冷板,f=0.0代表固体冰。
本算例参照张旋(2019)[24]实验条件,设置水滴直径D0为2.84 mm,撞击初始速度Vinit为0.7 m/s,冷板上表面呈现超疏水性质,由于滞后效应,水滴与冷板之间的接触角动态变化,三相接触线处最大接触角称为前进接触角θadv,最小接触角称为后退接触角θrec,二者差值为滞后角,二者平均值为静态接触角θsta,本算例中θadv=165°,θrec=155°。水滴在温度低于凝固点时仍能保持液相的现象称为过冷现象,对应水滴为过冷水滴,凝固点与过冷水滴温度的差值即为过冷度∆T,本算例中设置∆T为20 ℃。过冷水滴碰撞及运动过程中的形态变化如图3所示,图中各典型时刻水滴形态与对应实验结果基本一致。图4进一步给出了水滴铺展前沿随时间变化的模拟结果与文献中实验值的对比,其中纵坐标D/D0代表水滴铺展因子,D为铺展、回缩过程中水滴与冷板的实际接触长度,由图可见,水滴最大铺展因子模拟结果与实验值相吻合,证明本文模型可准确模拟水滴在孤立冷板上的运动过程。
本节通过单水滴撞击孤立垂直冷板后运动-冻结过程的模拟,探究水滴运动典型形态及其影响因素,为后期多水滴模拟奠定基础。如图5所示,直径为D0的水滴以初始速度Uint沿水平方向撞击垂直冷板后将沿竖直方向铺展,水滴与冷板初始接触位置记为“撞击点”,水滴向上铺展时的三相接触点记为“上沿点”,其与“撞击点”距离记为上沿铺展yup,同理,可定义“下沿点”和下沿铺展ydown,定义上下沿点距离为铺展距离DS,其无量纲化取值为,无量纲铺展前沿因子可定义为,本场景主要分析水滴运动-冻结过程中及水滴形态演化。
本节撞击冻结模拟中的水滴为淡水滴,直径均为2.5 mm(8μL),具体物性参数如表1所示。本文主要探究水滴撞击-冻结过程中的前沿铺展因子及粘附冻结、滑落及弹离等形态的变化及其影响因素,为更准确描述水滴动力学行为,引入韦伯数(We)概念,表征惯性力与表面张力效应之比,即,其中σ为表面张力系数,We越小则表面张力越重要,一般而言,We远大于1.0时,可忽略表面张力作用,当其他参数不变时,We可反映水滴运动速度的变化。设置We取值范围为{10,30,50,70,90,110,130,150},∆T取值为15 ℃、25 ℃和30 ℃,θsta取值为90°和120°,以分析各因素的影响。
当水滴以一定速度接近垂直壁面时,壁面与水滴之间的空气被压缩,导致压力增大,靠近壁面一侧的水滴形成凹陷,而且粘性剪切力的存在,将导致二者之间空气向外逃逸变慢,接触瞬间凹陷区域中空气来不及逃逸,被封闭在水滴和壁面之间,形成空气卷吸现象[25]图6给出了典型工况下水滴运动冻结过程,图中红色代表气相,浅蓝色为冷板,纯蓝色为结冰层,从中可看出水滴和冷板之间的气泡。
由图可见,当过冷度∆T=15 ℃时,水滴撞击冷板后会形成单个气泡,水滴回缩直至弹离过程中,气泡会逃逸;而当∆T=30 ℃时,水滴初接触冷板时会形成两个小气泡,随着水滴继续铺展,两小气泡融合成一个更大的气泡,且周围液态水发生冻结,从而将气泡封闭在固体冰中;气泡被封闭或消失前位置保持不变,基本与撞击点位置重合;从图6(c)~(d)中可见,水滴以较大初速度(We=130)撞击壁面时,会形成少许飞溅。
图7进一步讨论了韦伯数、过冷度及接触角对水滴铺展因子的影响。当接触角和过冷度保持不变时,韦伯数主要影响水滴的最大铺展、弹离或滑落时间、稳定铺展值,We越大,水滴最大铺展和稳定铺展值越大,弹离或滑落所需时间越长,而在较大We范围(10~150)内,水滴撞击后基本为同一状态(弹离、滑落或粘附冻结);接触角的影响程度与过冷度有关,当过冷度较小时(如∆T=15 ℃),接触角对水滴撞击冷板后的行为影响较大,当θsta=90°时,水滴滑落至冷板底端并脱离,继续增大接触角(θsta=120°),水滴撞击冷板后直接回缩并弹离冷板,未发生滑落,而在较大过冷度时(如∆T=25 ℃),即使冷板表面具备超疏水性,水滴也无法滑落或弹离表面,而是粘附冻结在表面,超疏水表面的抑冰效果将大大减弱,且水滴撞击冷板后会较快进入稳定冻结状态,重力影响也可忽略;当其他条件不变时,过冷度∆T对水滴撞击壁面后的形态有较大影响,当∆T较小时,水滴撞击疏水性表面后,可能尚未发生冻结就已弹离冷表面;而随着∆T的增大,水滴在铺展、回缩过程中,与冷表面接触部分发生冻结,形成粘滞力,阻碍水滴运动,当∆T继续增大到一定值时(∆T=25 ℃),水滴在回缩过程中即发生较大面积冻结,该冻结部分促使水滴在少量回缩后就发生粘附冻结。
为深入理解上层建筑垂直结构表面积冰过程,需要重点分析多水滴撞击冷板后形成液膜的过程。本章模拟工况中水滴直径选取1.00 mm,盐度为50‰,对应盐水滴凝固温度为−3.05 ℃,其余物性参数保持不变(同表1)。为方便描述冷板附近结冰形貌,截取计算区域中冷板附近部分区域进行对比分析。本章将重点讨论水滴初始速度、冷板表面接触角、水滴释放间隔对多水滴撞击-冻结过程的影响。
保持其他条件不变(θsta=120°,水滴释放间隔∆t=20 ms),分析不同水滴初始速度Uinit对冷板结冰过程的影响,图8给出了典型时刻冷板结冰的模拟结果。在水滴初始速度较小时(Uinit=0.25 m/s),水滴撞击冷板后仅有较小铺展,润湿面积较小,水滴基本以“滚落”姿态沿冷板向下运动,且来不及冻结就已运动至冷板底端并掉落,后续撞击水滴也以同样轨迹运动;当Uinit增大至0.5 m/s时,水滴与冷板润湿面积增大,且撞击点上移,水滴需要运动更长距离才能到达冷板底端,更利于冻结;Uinit继续增大,撞击点继续上移,Uinit=1.25 m/s时,部分液体会越过冷板顶部,沿冷板外表面运动至冷板左侧粘附,更多水滴不断撞击冷板并润湿表面,冷板左侧也会形成液膜,其形状与液体表面张力、体积力、冷板表面粗糙度及空气流场有关,这一现象与机翼结冰过程中的“溢流”现象相似。
通过对水滴初始速度的分析发现,水滴速度较小时,易从疏水性表面上滑落或弹离。本节进一步讨论表面接触角和水滴释放间隔∆t的影响,在Uinit=0.50 m/s条件下,对比不同释放间隔的水滴撞击不同表面接触角时的运动-冻结情况,图9给出了70 ms时刻运动水滴的分布。由图可见,疏水性较弱时(如θsta=90°),水滴撞击冷板后即发生粘附,且水滴释放间隔越短,相同时间下越容易形成液膜,液体向下铺展,液膜内与冷板接触部分液体逐渐冻结;当疏水性增强时(如θsta=120°),水滴撞击冷板后不会立即粘附,而是在重力及剩余动能作用下沿冷板向下铺展一定距离后粘附并冻结,水滴较多时能加快各水滴铺展、合并、形成液膜;疏水性继续增强时(如θsta=135°、150°),水滴撞击冷板后即弹离,不会发生冻结。
本文针对海水飞沫结冰场景,建立了多水滴撞击垂直结构表面结冰数值模型,并验证了模型准确性。在此基础上,系统分析了水滴的动力学和热力学行为及其影响因素,重点讨论了水滴初始速度对液膜形成及冻结过程的影响规律,得出如下几点结论:
(1)基于大系数法建立的单水滴撞击垂直孤立冷板数值模型可准确模拟水滴运动及冻结过程。采用大系数法将流体区域中的孤立冷板内速度强制为零,实现了正交网格中水滴与孤立冷板间动力学及热力学行为的耦合,基于该模型所得的模拟结果与相关实验结果基本一致。
(2)模拟过程中体现了空气卷吸现象,同时发现过冷度会影响水滴撞击后的气泡数量。当过冷度较小时,水滴撞击冷板形成单个气泡,并在水滴回缩弹离过程中逃逸至空气中;而过冷度较大时,水滴撞击冷板后形成两个小气泡,且气泡更易被封闭在固体冰中。
(3)多水滴撞击冷板后易形成液膜并伴随积冰生长现象,水滴撞击速度较大时会出现类似机翼结冰过程中的“溢流”现象;本文的多水滴撞击-冻结模型考虑了单个水滴的变形、破碎等动力学行为及冰晶生长、冻结等热力学行为,能够为传统宏观结冰模型提供精细输入,通过冰晶生长、水滴过冷度等参数修正宏观模型中水膜凝固点值,建立宏细观的联系。
(4)表面接触角、水滴初速度及释放间隔均会对多水滴撞击-冻结后形成的水膜形态有影响,水滴初始速度越大、表面接触角越小(疏水性越弱)、水滴释放间隔越小(液态水含量越大),相同时间下越容易形成液膜,液体向下铺展,液膜内与冷板接触部分液体逐渐冻结,水膜内积冰形状为倒三角。
上述结论可为发展更精细结冰预报方法和更高效防除冰手段提供技术支撑和科学指导。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52401319; 52192690; 52192695)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Bird K J, Charpentier R R, Gautier D L, et al. Circum-Arctic resource appraisal: Estimates of undiscovered oil and gas north of the Arctic Circle[R]. USGS Fact Shect, 2008.
[2]
丁克茂,刘雷,卫国兵. 北极东北航道船舶通行现状及航海保障能力分析[J]. 航海2017(5):40-43.
Ding K M, Liu L, Wei G B. Analysis of ship traffic status and navigation support capabilities of the Arctic Northeast Passage[J]. Navigation, 2017(5): 40-43. (in Chinese)
[3]
Ryerson C C. Ice protection of offshore platforms[J]. Cold Regions Science and Technology, 2011, 65(1): 97-110.
[4]
Hirt C W, Nichols B D. Volume of fluid (VOF) method for the dynamics of free boundaries[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 1981, 39(1): 201-225.
[5]
Youngs D L. Time-dependent multi-material flow with large fluid distortion[M]. Academic Press, 1982.
[6]
Sussman M, Smereka P, Osher S. A Level Set approach for computing solutions to incompressible two-phase flow[J]. J Comput Phys, 1994, 114(1): 146-159.
[7]
Yun S, Kim I. Spreading dynamics and the residence time of ellipsoidal drops on a solid surface[J]. Langmuir, 2019, 35(40): 13062-13069.
[8]
Li W, Wang J X, Zhu C L, et al. Numerical investigation of droplet impact on a solid superhydrophobic surface[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2021, 33(6): 063310.
[9]
Sussman M, Puckett E G. A coupled Level Set and volume-of-fluid method for computing 3D and axisymmetric incompressible two-phase flows[J]. Journal of Computational Physics, 2000, 162(2): 301-337.
[10]
Liu X H, Zhao Y M, Chen S, et al. Numerical research on the dynamic characteristics of a droplet impacting a hydrophobic tube[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2017, 29(6): 062105.
[11]
Liu C B, Liu Q, Lin Z H. Dynamical behavior of droplets transiently impacting on superhydrophobic microstructures[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2020, 32:103304.
[12]
Sun D L, Tao W Q. A coupled volume-of-fluid and level set (VOSET) method for computing incompressible two-phase flows[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2010, 53(4): 645-655.
[13]
Wang Y K, Ju L, Han D F, et al. Numerical investigation of the impacting and freezing process of a single supercooled water droplet[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2021, 33(4): 042114.
[14]
Šikalo Š, Wilhelm H-D, Roisman I V, et al. Dynamic contact angle of spreading droplets: Experiments and simulations[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2005, 17(6): 062103.
[15]
Zhao J N, Li X P, Cheng P. Lattice Boltzmann simulation of a droplet impact and freezing on cold surfaces[J]. International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, 2017, 87:175-182.
[16]
Blake J D. Simulation of the impact and solidification of supercooled water droplets[D]. USA: Mississippi State University, 2013.
[17]
Blake J D, Thompson D S, Raps D M, et al. Effects of surface characteristics and droplet diameter on the freezing of supercooled water droplets impacting a cooled substrate[C]//Proceedings of the 6th AIAA Atmospheric and Space Environments Conference, Atlanta, GA, F 16-20 June, 2014.
[18]
Yao Y N, Li C, Zhang H, et al. Modelling the impact, spreading and freezing of a water droplet on horizontal and inclined superhydrophobic cooled surfaces[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2017, 419:52-62.
[19]
Yao Y N, Li C, Tao Z X, et al. Experimental and numerical study on the impact and freezing process of a water droplet on a cold surface[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 137:83-92.
[20]
Blake J D, Thompson D S, Raps D M, et al. Simulating the freezing of supercooled water droplets impacting a cooled substrate[C]//Proceedings of the 52nd Aerospace Sciences Meeting,National Harbor, Maryland F13-17 January, 2014. National Harbor, Maryland.
[21]
张旋,吴晓敏,闵敬春. 冷壁上单个静止过冷液滴冻结过程的数值模拟[J]. 工程热物理学报2018, 39(1):159-164.
Zhang X, Wu X M, Min J C. Numerical simulation of the freezing process of a single stationary supercooled droplet on the cold wall[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2018, 39(1): 159-164. (in Chinese)
[22]
Zhang X, Liu X, Wu X M, et al. Simulation and experiment on supercooled sessile water droplet freezing with special attention to supercooling and volume expansion effects[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2018, 127:975-985.
[23]
陶文铨. 数值传热学(第2版)[M]. 西安:西安交通大学出版社,2001.
Tao W Q. Numerical heat transfer (2nd edition)[M]. Xi'an: Xi'an Jiaotong University Press, 2001. (in Chinese)
[24]
张旋. 过冷水滴的结冰与碰撞及其耦合特性研究[D]. 北京;清华大学,2019.
Zhang X. Research on icing and collision of supercooled water droplets and their coupling characteristics[D]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2019. (in Chinese)
[25]
Mehdi-Nejad V, Mostaghimi J, Chandra S. Air bubble entrapment under an impacting droplet[J]. Physics of Fluids, 2003, 15(1): 173-183.
2025年第29卷第9期
PDF下载
99
44
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008
  • 接收时间:2025-03-13
  • 首发时间:2026-03-26
  • 出版时间:2025-09-20
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-13
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52401319; 52192690; 52192695)
作者信息
    哈尔滨工程大学,哈尔滨 150001

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cblx/CN/10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.008
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏