Article(id=1243896354150400940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741968000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774497601305, onlineDateStr=2026-03-26, pubDate=1758297600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774497601305, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774497601305, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774497601305, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243896350367134664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2025', volume='29', issue='9', pageStart='1343', pageEnd='1498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774497600404, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774501609474, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1464, endPage=1474, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243896354548859822, articleId=1243896354150400940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=Failure mode shift of steel/composite L-shaped hybrid structure under compressive load, columnId=1242129251223274417, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Structural Mechanics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Steel/GFRP L-shaped joint and similar components are common in ship manufacture. In this paper, a steel/GFRP L-joint with ±45° groove structure was designed, and the effect of parameters such as glueing length on the performance of the L-joint was investigated through the compression experiments of steel/GFRP L-joints. In the numerical analysis of the steel/GFRP L-joint, the complexity of the ±45° groove structure glueing interface structure and the multi-interface and multi-scale were considered, and the stiffness equivalence method was used to equate the groove structure to a cohesive unit layer of 0 thickness. The failure modes of the L-joint were analyzed in detail concerning the compressive load and displacement by comparing the compression experimental results with the simulation, and the steel/GFRP L-joint exhibits better compressive performance when the bonding length is 100 mm.
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在船舶结构中,钢-玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料(glass fiber reinforced polymer,GFRP)L型接头和类似部件较为常见。本文设计了带有±45°凹槽结构的钢/GFRP L型接头,通过钢/GFRP L型接头的压缩实验,研究了胶接长度等参数对L型接头性能的影响。在钢/GFRP L型接头的数值分析中,考虑±45°凹槽结构胶接界面结构的复杂性和多界面、多尺度的问题,采用刚度等效法,将凹槽结构等效为零厚度的内聚力单元层。通过压缩实验与仿真对比,详细分析了L型接头的失效模式与压缩载荷、压缩位移的关系,并得出当胶接长度为100 mm时,钢/GFRP L型接头具有更好的抗压性能。
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Schematic diagram of steel/GFRP L-joint, figureFileSmall=MWGb3oN3KZ90yjE+W+vnSA==, figureFileBig=9H0UyNh0DiPzCbCDkcLrAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896367484092780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
钢/GFRP材料L型接头组件拆解示意图, figureFileSmall=MWGb3oN3KZ90yjE+W+vnSA==, figureFileBig=9H0UyNh0DiPzCbCDkcLrAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896367781888378, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Steel connecting parts in steel/GFRP L-joint, figureFileSmall=qmtqPUGcod5B7ULEUl/Yzg==, figureFileBig=vckZJxpowpKWLE3mmWWjtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896367861580157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
钢/GFRP L型接头的钢质连接件, figureFileSmall=qmtqPUGcod5B7ULEUl/Yzg==, figureFileBig=vckZJxpowpKWLE3mmWWjtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896368142598530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Steel L-shaped components with different bonding lengths, figureFileSmall=QeeJn1h+tFkFLDl+AoVgew==, figureFileBig=pUNZzRoUmiXsm8soyP+kgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896368360702342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
不同胶接长度的L型钢构件, figureFileSmall=QeeJn1h+tFkFLDl+AoVgew==, figureFileBig=pUNZzRoUmiXsm8soyP+kgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896368503308686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
VARI fabrication process of steel/GFRP L-joint, figureFileSmall=s/Y/gU/mlwvLMb55P2RIqw==, figureFileBig=fovfpG39SQ5nTOpZs1pF3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896368624943508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
钢/GFRP L型接头的VARI制作工艺, figureFileSmall=s/Y/gU/mlwvLMb55P2RIqw==, figureFileBig=fovfpG39SQ5nTOpZs1pF3g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896368717218201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Test specimen of steel/GFRP L-joint, figureFileSmall=oFI/eFSA0WykkUqCB2Kmew==, figureFileBig=y20VBGicaxWRrKZR8fE73g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896368876601757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
钢/GFRP L型接头试件, figureFileSmall=oFI/eFSA0WykkUqCB2Kmew==, figureFileBig=y20VBGicaxWRrKZR8fE73g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896368973070753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Compression test of steel/GFRP L-joint, figureFileSmall=dPdKQjJqxqbTmOUjjie6hA==, figureFileBig=QtcGXb69XqDrFbENnl1T7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369061151141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
钢/GFRP L型接头的压缩实验, figureFileSmall=dPdKQjJqxqbTmOUjjie6hA==, figureFileBig=QtcGXb69XqDrFbENnl1T7g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369166008745, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Steel/GFRP L-joint model mesh and loading conditions, figureFileSmall=EuyvhCnZJgKHLLmnRAQaFw==, figureFileBig=rAeMrzQItMASHRifRy36WA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369346363823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
钢/GFRP L型接头模型网格以及加载条件, figureFileSmall=EuyvhCnZJgKHLLmnRAQaFw==, figureFileBig=rAeMrzQItMASHRifRy36WA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369455415731, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Selection of RVE, figureFileSmall=mwY8x4w/n7O07i2+7W+q0w==, figureFileBig=Ec8qWj2aDBHYWwdMF+IPGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369572856248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
RVE的选取, figureFileSmall=mwY8x4w/n7O07i2+7W+q0w==, figureFileBig=Ec8qWj2aDBHYWwdMF+IPGQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369715462588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Meshing and components of the RVE, figureFileSmall=4qWfCqlzx2iz6lwD/Y2Lhw==, figureFileBig=JMF7N2rilKlz/6jj7NPGgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369853874630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
RVE的组件和网格划分, figureFileSmall=4qWfCqlzx2iz6lwD/Y2Lhw==, figureFileBig=JMF7N2rilKlz/6jj7NPGgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896369988092362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Load-displacement curve of the shear and pull-out simulation, figureFileSmall=sVP6TGrykPdvP5ICUhcWcQ==, figureFileBig=7hUJq0mtq1TU+7Qn6LPYaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896370109727186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
剪切和拉拔模拟的载荷-位移曲线, figureFileSmall=sVP6TGrykPdvP5ICUhcWcQ==, figureFileBig=7hUJq0mtq1TU+7Qn6LPYaQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896370290082260, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Schematic diagram of disassembly of steel/GFRP L-joint, figureFileSmall=ikeQTnOMDa1NPTrwiv7gzA==, figureFileBig=BriMsoBcgbjKlsYeTSuhhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896370512380381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
L型钢/GFRP混合结构拆解图, figureFileSmall=ikeQTnOMDa1NPTrwiv7gzA==, figureFileBig=BriMsoBcgbjKlsYeTSuhhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896370654986722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Load-displacement curves of L-joint with a bonding length of 25 mm, figureFileSmall=JA/wtfFTN4jJZ22Qa+H1VQ==, figureFileBig=zPBE0JAbXiWDAJVpH8+Jtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896370868896231, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
胶接长度25 mm L型接头的载荷-位移曲线, figureFileSmall=JA/wtfFTN4jJZ22Qa+H1VQ==, figureFileBig=zPBE0JAbXiWDAJVpH8+Jtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371099582955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
Load-displacement curves of L-joint with different bonding lengths, figureFileSmall=pMw7x3WvZWAd2fCX/FR1Sw==, figureFileBig=H5GBtfAmNlTuKIvOQMk3VQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371305103856, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
不同胶接长度(40.00 mm,55.00 mm和70.00 mm)的L型接头的载荷-位移曲线, figureFileSmall=pMw7x3WvZWAd2fCX/FR1Sw==, figureFileBig=H5GBtfAmNlTuKIvOQMk3VQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371544179189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=
Load-displacement curves of L-joints with different bonding lengths, figureFileSmall=enYZJlfKTx8obco6BNpNXA==, figureFileBig=VQyYad02mfgFNIWzl6Cxyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371644842487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图14, caption=
不同胶接长度(85.00 mm,100.00 mm和115.00 mm)的L型接头的载荷-位移曲线, figureFileSmall=enYZJlfKTx8obco6BNpNXA==, figureFileBig=VQyYad02mfgFNIWzl6Cxyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371854557692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Material parameters of solid resin and 45# Steel
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Derakane 411固态树脂 | 45#钢 |
|---|
| 拉伸强度/MPa | 83 | 弹性模量/GPa | 210 |
| 拉伸模量/GPa | 2.9 | 泊松比 | 0.275 |
| 弯曲强度/MPa | 148 | 密度/(kg·m−3) | 7900 |
| 弯曲模量/GPa | 3.4 | 极限强度/MPa | 600 |
| 冲击强度/(kJ·m−2) | 19 | 屈服应力/MPa | 355 |
), ArticleFig(id=1243896372106215936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
固态树脂和45#钢的性能参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Derakane 411固态树脂 | 45#钢 |
|---|
| 拉伸强度/MPa | 83 | 弹性模量/GPa | 210 |
| 拉伸模量/GPa | 2.9 | 泊松比 | 0.275 |
| 弯曲强度/MPa | 148 | 密度/(kg·m−3) | 7900 |
| 弯曲模量/GPa | 3.4 | 极限强度/MPa | 600 |
| 冲击强度/(kJ·m−2) | 19 | 屈服应力/MPa | 355 |
), ArticleFig(id=1243896372257210884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Material parameters of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 弹性模量/GPa | 泊松比 |
|---|
| E11 | E22 | E33 | G12 | G13 | G23 | ν12 | ν13 | ν23 |
| 20 | 6.545 | 6.545 | 3.545 | 3.545 | 1.52 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.45 |
| 材料强度/MPa | Xt | Xc | Yt | Yc | Zt | Zc | S12 | S13 | S23 |
| 560 | 450 | 10.42 | 106 | 10.42 | 106 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 6 |
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玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料的材料参数
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| 弹性模量/GPa | 泊松比 |
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| E11 | E22 | E33 | G12 | G13 | G23 | ν12 | ν13 | ν23 |
| 20 | 6.545 | 6.545 | 3.545 | 3.545 | 1.52 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.45 |
| 材料强度/MPa | Xt | Xc | Yt | Yc | Zt | Zc | S12 | S13 | S23 |
| 560 | 450 | 10.42 | 106 | 10.42 | 106 | 13.7 | 13.7 | 6 |
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Initial stiffness, interlaminar strength and fracture toughness of the equivalent interface
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| 初始刚度/(MPa·mm−1) | 层间强度/MPa | 断裂韧性/(J·mm−2) |
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| Mode I | Mode II | Mode I | Mode II | Mode I | Mode II |
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| Kn | Kt | N | T | GIC | GIIC |
| 1822.13 | 4211.66 | 2.05 | 26.53 | 0.085 | 2.65 |
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等效界面的初始刚度、层间强度和断裂韧性
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| 初始刚度/(MPa·mm−1) | 层间强度/MPa | 断裂韧性/(J·mm−2) |
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| Mode I | Mode II | Mode I | Mode II | Mode I | Mode II |
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| Kn | Kt | N | T | GIC | GIIC |
| 1822.13 | 4211.66 | 2.05 | 26.53 | 0.085 | 2.65 |
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Comparison of experimental and simulated results of ultimate loads and corresponding displacements of L-joints with different bonding lengths
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| 胶接长度/mm | 极限载荷 | 压缩位移 |
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| 实验/N | 模拟/N | 差值 | 实验/mm | 模拟/mm | 差值 |
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| 40.00 | 2166.25 | 2310.2 | 6.65% | 6.95 | 6.47 | 6.91% |
| 55.00 | 2075.22 | 2261.32 | 8.97% | 6.41 | 5.59 | 12.79% |
| 70.00 | 2071.91 | 2208.36 | 6.59% | 6.42 | 6.2 | 3.43% |
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不同胶接长度L型接头实验和模拟曲线的极限载荷及相应位移
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| 胶接长度/mm | 极限载荷 | 压缩位移 |
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| 实验/N | 模拟/N | 差值 | 实验/mm | 模拟/mm | 差值 |
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| 40.00 | 2166.25 | 2310.2 | 6.65% | 6.95 | 6.47 | 6.91% |
| 55.00 | 2075.22 | 2261.32 | 8.97% | 6.41 | 5.59 | 12.79% |
| 70.00 | 2071.91 | 2208.36 | 6.59% | 6.42 | 6.2 | 3.43% |
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Experimental and simulated results of ultimate loads and corresponding displacements of L-joints with different bonding lengths
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| 胶接长度/mm | 极限载荷 | 压缩位移 |
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| 实验/N | 模拟/N | 差值 | 实验/mm | 模拟/mm | 差值 |
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| 85.00 | 2050.47 | 2234.21 | 8.96% | 7.35 | 6.96 | 5.31% |
| 100.00 | 2615.07 | 2680.36 | 2.50% | 11.56 | 11.05 | 4.41% |
| 115.00 | 2422.13 | 2550.25 | 5.29% | 16.57 | 15.11 | 8.81% |
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不同胶接长度的L型接头的极限载荷及相应位移的实验和模拟结果
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| 胶接长度/mm | 极限载荷 | 压缩位移 |
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| 实验/N | 模拟/N | 差值 | 实验/mm | 模拟/mm | 差值 |
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| 100.00 | 2615.07 | 2680.36 | 2.50% | 11.56 | 11.05 | 4.41% |
| 115.00 | 2422.13 | 2550.25 | 5.29% | 16.57 | 15.11 | 8.81% |
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