Article(id=1243896354150400940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1741968000000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-15, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774497601305, onlineDateStr=2026-03-26, pubDate=1758297600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774497601305, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774497601305, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774497601305, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243896350367134664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2025', volume='29', issue='9', pageStart='1343', pageEnd='1498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774497600404, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774501609474, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1464, endPage=1474, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243896354548859822, articleId=1243896354150400940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=Failure mode shift of steel/composite L-shaped hybrid structure under compressive load, columnId=1242129251223274417, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Structural Mechanics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Steel/GFRP L-shaped joint and similar components are common in ship manufacture. In this paper, a steel/GFRP L-joint with ±45° groove structure was designed, and the effect of parameters such as glueing length on the performance of the L-joint was investigated through the compression experiments of steel/GFRP L-joints. In the numerical analysis of the steel/GFRP L-joint, the complexity of the ±45° groove structure glueing interface structure and the multi-interface and multi-scale were considered, and the stiffness equivalence method was used to equate the groove structure to a cohesive unit layer of 0 thickness. The failure modes of the L-joint were analyzed in detail concerning the compressive load and displacement by comparing the compression experimental results with the simulation, and the steel/GFRP L-joint exhibits better compressive performance when the bonding length is 100 mm.

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在船舶结构中,钢-玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料(glass fiber reinforced polymer,GFRP)L型接头和类似部件较为常见。本文设计了带有±45°凹槽结构的钢/GFRP L型接头,通过钢/GFRP L型接头的压缩实验,研究了胶接长度等参数对L型接头性能的影响。在钢/GFRP L型接头的数值分析中,考虑±45°凹槽结构胶接界面结构的复杂性和多界面、多尺度的问题,采用刚度等效法,将凹槽结构等效为零厚度的内聚力单元层。通过压缩实验与仿真对比,详细分析了L型接头的失效模式与压缩载荷、压缩位移的关系,并得出当胶接长度为100 mm时,钢/GFRP L型接头具有更好的抗压性能。

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通讯作者,E-mail:
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康振航(1993-),男,博士,讲师,E-mail:

刘昆(1984-),男,博士,教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

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figureFileSmall=pMw7x3WvZWAd2fCX/FR1Sw==, figureFileBig=H5GBtfAmNlTuKIvOQMk3VQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371544179189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Load-displacement curves of L-joints with different bonding lengths, figureFileSmall=enYZJlfKTx8obco6BNpNXA==, figureFileBig=VQyYad02mfgFNIWzl6Cxyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371644842487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=图14, caption=不同胶接长度(85.00 mm,100.00 mm和115.00 mm)的L型接头的载荷-位移曲线, figureFileSmall=enYZJlfKTx8obco6BNpNXA==, figureFileBig=VQyYad02mfgFNIWzl6Cxyg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896371854557692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Material parameters of solid resin and 45# Steel

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Derakane 411固态树脂45#
拉伸强度/MPa83弹性模量/GPa210
拉伸模量/GPa2.9泊松比0.275
弯曲强度/MPa148密度/(kg·m−37900
弯曲模量/GPa3.4极限强度/MPa600
冲击强度/(kJ·m−219屈服应力/MPa355
), ArticleFig(id=1243896372106215936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

固态树脂和45#钢的性能参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
Derakane 411固态树脂45#
拉伸强度/MPa83弹性模量/GPa210
拉伸模量/GPa2.9泊松比0.275
弯曲强度/MPa148密度/(kg·m−37900
弯曲模量/GPa3.4极限强度/MPa600
冲击强度/(kJ·m−219屈服应力/MPa355
), ArticleFig(id=1243896372257210884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Material parameters of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
弹性模量/GPa泊松比
E11E22E33G12G13G23ν12ν13ν23
206.5456.5453.5453.5451.520.30.30.45
材料强度/MPaXtXcYtYcZtZcS12S13S23
56045010.4210610.4210613.713.76
), ArticleFig(id=1243896372378845701, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896354150400940, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料的材料参数

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Initial stiffness, interlaminar strength and fracture toughness of the equivalent interface

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Comparison of experimental and simulated results of ultimate loads and corresponding displacements of L-joints with different bonding lengths

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Experimental and simulated results of ultimate loads and corresponding displacements of L-joints with different bonding lengths

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不同胶接长度的L型接头的极限载荷及相应位移的实验和模拟结果

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100.002615.072680.362.50%11.5611.054.41%
115.002422.132550.255.29%16.5715.118.81%
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压缩载荷作用下的钢/复合材料L型混合结构的失效模式转换
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康振航 , 俞同强 , 刘昆
船舶力学 | 结构力学 2025,29(9): 1464-1474
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船舶力学 | 结构力学 2025, 29(9): 1464-1474
压缩载荷作用下的钢/复合材料L型混合结构的失效模式转换
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康振航 , 俞同强, 刘昆
作者信息
  • 江苏科技大学 船舶与海洋工程学院,江苏 镇江 212100
  • 康振航(1993-),男,博士,讲师,E-mail:

    刘昆(1984-),男,博士,教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
Failure mode shift of steel/composite L-shaped hybrid structure under compressive load
Zhen-hang KANG , Tong-qiang YU, Kun LIU
Affiliations
  • School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
出版时间: 2025-09-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.012
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在船舶结构中,钢-玻璃纤维增强树脂复合材料(glass fiber reinforced polymer,GFRP)L型接头和类似部件较为常见。本文设计了带有±45°凹槽结构的钢/GFRP L型接头,通过钢/GFRP L型接头的压缩实验,研究了胶接长度等参数对L型接头性能的影响。在钢/GFRP L型接头的数值分析中,考虑±45°凹槽结构胶接界面结构的复杂性和多界面、多尺度的问题,采用刚度等效法,将凹槽结构等效为零厚度的内聚力单元层。通过压缩实验与仿真对比,详细分析了L型接头的失效模式与压缩载荷、压缩位移的关系,并得出当胶接长度为100 mm时,钢/GFRP L型接头具有更好的抗压性能。

钢/GFRP混合结构  /  凹槽形貌  /  界面增强  /  等效模型  /  L型接头

Steel/GFRP L-shaped joint and similar components are common in ship manufacture. In this paper, a steel/GFRP L-joint with ±45° groove structure was designed, and the effect of parameters such as glueing length on the performance of the L-joint was investigated through the compression experiments of steel/GFRP L-joints. In the numerical analysis of the steel/GFRP L-joint, the complexity of the ±45° groove structure glueing interface structure and the multi-interface and multi-scale were considered, and the stiffness equivalence method was used to equate the groove structure to a cohesive unit layer of 0 thickness. The failure modes of the L-joint were analyzed in detail concerning the compressive load and displacement by comparing the compression experimental results with the simulation, and the steel/GFRP L-joint exhibits better compressive performance when the bonding length is 100 mm.

steel/GFRP hybrid structure  /  groove morphology  /  interface enhancement  /  equivalent model  /  L-joint
康振航, 俞同强, 刘昆. 压缩载荷作用下的钢/复合材料L型混合结构的失效模式转换. 船舶力学, 2025 , 29 (9) : 1464 -1474 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.012
Zhen-hang KANG, Tong-qiang YU, Kun LIU. Failure mode shift of steel/composite L-shaped hybrid structure under compressive load[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2025 , 29 (9) : 1464 -1474 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.012
纤维增强复合材料(glass fiber reinforced polymer,GFRP)以其在强度/重量比、设计灵活性和电磁抗性方面的突出性能被广泛应用于现代船舶[1-4]。在船舶结构中,L型钢/GFRP混合结构和类似部件非常常见,在围壁和甲板的交汇处很容易找到[5]。许多学者对上层建筑的结构连接强度进行了研究,L型接头作为大型船舶混合结构的基本构件之一,学者们重点关注的是对其承载能力和失效模式的研究[6-9]
Qin等[10]研究了受拉载荷作用下混合船体L型结构失效模式的转变,分别加工了过渡区域半径(R)为45 mm、90 mm和180 mm的L型接头,并对其进行极限拉伸实验,结果表明不同L型接头之间的损坏过程和失效模式存在显著差异。Shen等[11]采用实验方法研究了全尺寸L型船舶结构的极限强度和疲劳性能,在静态强度研究的基础上,通过一系列疲劳实验,分析了在不同载荷幅值下的疲劳寿命和失效模式。Li等[5]提出了一种新型的L型结构,并通过实验和有限元方法对结构的承载能力和失效模式进行了分析,结果表明该L型结构的失效模式主要是增强件的纤维破坏和夹心泡沫的碎裂。Zeng等[13]研究了复合材料夹层L型结构在弯曲作用下的失效预测,建立了数值模型来预测接头的承载能力,并通过实验验证了所提出的经验公式的可行性。本文依据前期的不同凹槽形貌接头性能研究,确定了带有±45°凹槽结构的钢/GFRP接头的性能较好,因此提出一种带有±45°凹槽结构L型钢/GFRP混合结构。
本文的目的是通过L型钢/GFRP混合结构的压缩实验,研究胶接长度对L型接头性能的影响。在这项研究中,提出一种带有±45°凹槽结构的L型钢/GFRP混合结构,研究不同胶接长度的L型接头在压缩载荷下的失效模式演变。在L型钢/GFRP混合结构的数值分析中,由于±45°凹槽结构胶接界面结构的复杂性和多界面、多尺度的问题,本文采用刚度等效法,将凹槽结构等效为零厚度的内聚力单元层,便于数值分析,并采用代表性体积单元(representative volume element,RVE)模型计算等效内聚力单元的参数。
本文设计了所需的钢/GFRP材料L型接头,图1为该L型接头组件的拆解示意图。在钢构件的胶接区域构建了±45°凹槽结构图案,采用VARI工艺制作L型接头,胶层树脂在钢构件凹槽内固化,并将钢构件与GFRP构件胶接在一起。树脂胶层部分(图1中黄色区域)固化在钢构件凹槽内,形成一体的网格结构,产生互锁效应,增强了GFRP与钢的连接强度。设计的L型接头夹角为直角,其中一边的GFRP构件长度为150 mm,厚度为12 mm。
在之前的研究中已经确定±45°凹槽结构的参数,槽深和槽宽分别是0.75 mm和1.414 mm,钢连接件的具体结构如图2所示,凹槽的横截面形状为矩形,相邻凹槽之间的距离为8.00 mm。
为探究胶接长度对钢/GFRP L型接头的影响,制作了7种不同胶接长度的L型钢构件,如图3所示,其胶接区域长度分别为25.00 mm、40.00 mm、55.00 mm、70.00 mm、85.00 mm、100.00 mm和115.00 mm。
本文中钢/GFRP L型接头试件采用真空辅助成型工艺(vacuum assisted resin infusion,VARI)工艺制成,如图4所示。使用VARI工艺成型时,分别制作L型接头两侧的钢/GFRP结构,并在钢部件处粘贴密封胶,防止真空袋内树脂流入未参与固化的钢板凹槽内。玻璃纤维布与±45°凹槽钢板的铺设顺序按照L型接头的设计方案进行铺设。
每种参数尺寸的L型接头有3个试件,成品示意图如图5所示(以胶接长度115 mm的L型接头为例)。从图5可以看出,GFRP构件由两层3.00 mm和三层2.00 mm的GFRP板组成,玻璃纤维布由单层单向纤维组成,采用0°和90°对称铺层,厚度为0.25 mm,面密度为400 g/m2,钢构件采用的是45#[14-15]
为研究所设计的钢/GFRP L型接头的力学性能,设计了L型接头的压缩实验,实验装置及试件的夹持方法如图6所示。在实验过程中,L型接头的两端由预制钢夹具固定,施加的负载通过执行器的位移来控制,执行器的速度设置为2.5 mm/min。
本文采用直接等效法将复杂凹槽结构等效为零厚度的内聚单元层。采用材料力学方法或弹性力学方法直接求解各构件的应力应变,然后对宏观等效应力求平均值[16]。直接等效法主要适用于求解结构简单的材料的等效刚度。在本研究中,直接等效法用于等效刚度估计与计算。
本文对钢/GFRP L型接头的压缩实验进行数值分析,并建立等比例的数值模型,加载条件与实验条件相同,如图7所示。图7为钢/GFRP L型接头模型的网格以及加载条件。钢/GFRP L型接头模型由钢部件(图7(a))、GFRP部件(图7(b)、(c))和界面内聚单元层(图7(d)、(e)、(f))组成。钢部件和GFRP部件被划分为24 675个单元,单元类型为C3D8R。钢部件(图7(a))由2层厚度为3.00 mm的钢构件凹槽板和一个厚度为8.00 mm的90°拐角组成。GFRP部件由3层2.00 mm的GFRP板(图7(c))和2层3.00 mm的GFRP板(图7(b))组成。界面内聚单元层主要由三种不同的内聚层组成,分别为钢板平面与GFRP之间界面内聚层(图7(d))、等效的零厚度内聚单元层(图7(e))和GFRP的界面内聚单元层(图7(f))。内聚力单元采用COH3D8单元格式,考虑到分析时间和收敛性问题,采用双线性本构模型的牵引-分离定律(traction-separation law,TSL)[17-19]。固态树脂、45#钢和GFRP的材料参数如表1表2所示。
基于3D Hashin失效准则建立了GFRP连续损伤力学本构模型,并编写了矢量化用户材料(vectorized user-material,VUMAT)子程序,模拟钢-GFRP接头中GFRP的失效过程,3D Hashin应力失效准则的表达式[20]如式(1)~(6)所示。
纤维拉伸失效(σ11⩾0):
纤维压缩失效(σ11 < 0):
基体拉伸失效(σ22 + σ33⩾0):
基体压缩失效(σ22 + σ33 < 0):
拉伸分层失效(σ33⩾0):
压缩分层失效(σ33 < 0):
式中,σ11σ22σ33τ12τ13τ23是复合材料主方向应力,其中,1代表纤维方向,2代表垂直于纤维方向,3代表垂直于1、2平面;XtYtZt是复合材料主方向的拉伸强度,XcYcZc是复合材料主方向的压缩强度,S13S23S12是复合材料的剪切强度。
根据复合材料的应力-应变本构关系,利用材料的刚度计算了流程开始时增量步中各单元点的应力分量,采用3D Hashin失效准则判定是否会发生失效,如果发生失效,新的单元刚度矩阵将根据材料刚度退化规则重新计算[20-21]
确定等效零厚度内聚单元层的材料参数,除了刚度之外,还定义了初始裂纹和基于能量的裂纹扩展准则。层间损伤使用的判据是牵引-分离定律,如公式(7)所示:
式中,σnσtσs分别是相对于法线方向和剪切方向的拉应力,NTS代表它们的临界值。选择基于Low-Power准则(如公式(8)所示)、线性软化和混合模式的指数损伤演化规律。
式中,Gε=GI + GII指总能量释放率,下标I、II对应二种模式;指数aman的值通常选择为1或2,本文取值为1;模式I或II的牵引位移曲线下的面积相当于失效时释放的临界能量GICGIIC,如公式(9)所示:
式中,分别是极限开口和切向位移[22]。当退化准则参数时,零厚度内聚层完全失效。
本文采用RVE模型获取零厚度等效内聚单元层参数。选取胶接区域的代表性体积单元(representative volume element,RVE),如图8所示。本文所建立的RVE模型如图9所示,由GFRP部件、胶层结构和钢部件3部分组成,整体为10.00 mm×10.00 mm×3.00 mm的长方体,划分为394 224个C3D8R单元(如图9所示)。此外,在钢部件和胶层结构之间定义了一个零厚度的内聚层(图9中的红色区域)。在数值分析中,需要施加周期性边界条件以确保计算的准确性[23],数值建模时通过引入参考点和建立参数约束来实现RVE的周期性边界条件。
对±45°凹槽结构进行剪切和拉拔模拟,得到的载荷-位移曲线如图10所示,图中括号内数据分别为失效位移和极限载荷。根据得到的数据和公式(7)~(9),可计算等效零厚度内聚单元层的参数,计算结果如表3所示。
根据失效模式的不同,将不同胶接长度的L型混合结构分为3组进行讨论。为了便于对L型钢/GFRP混合结构的失效模式进行分析,文中将L型混合结构拆解并分别命名,如图11所示。在图11中标注了钢部件、GFRP部件和胶层(cohesive)结构的组成:钢部件各组件定义为钢(3.00 mm)-1、钢(3.00 mm)-2和钢(8.00 mm)-1;GFRP部件各组件定义为GFRP(2.00 mm)-1、GFRP(2.00 mm)-2、GFRP(2.00 mm)-3、GFRP(3.00 mm)-1和GFRP(3.00 mm)-2;胶层结构由三种不同的Cohesive单元组成(参考图7),分别定义为C-1、C-2和C-3。C-1由四层独立的Cohesive单元层构成,分别定义为C-1-1、C-1-2、C-1-3和C-1-4,同理,C-2各组件定义为C-2-1、C-2-2和C-2-3,C-3各组件定义为C-3-1、C-3-2、C-3-3、C-3-4。
图12为胶接长度25 mm L型接头的载荷-位移曲线,从图中可以看出,模拟与实验的极限载荷非常接近,分别为2065.02 N和2071.02 N,相差2.67%。有限元模型中的L型接头整体刚度要高于实验值,造成两者刚度误差的原因主要有两个:一是由于L型接头的独特几何形状,在施加初始压缩载荷后,会在胶接区域产生小缺陷,胶接区域的小缺陷会导致刚度显著下降;二是由于面内剪切非线性,主要存在于胶接界面复杂的±45°凹槽结构,随着负载的增加,非线性变得更加显著。综合效应得出,实验中的位移结果要大于模拟结果,模拟与实验达到极限载荷时的相应位移分别为4.95 mm和5.34 mm,相差7.30%。
关于图12中的曲线形态做如下推论:第1次载荷突降是由于C-1-1和C-1-2的完全失效,导致钢(3.00 mm)-1与GFRP(2.00 mm)-1、GFRP(2.00 mm)-2的胶接界面完全分离,在实验和模拟中均可观察到明显的分离现象。随着压缩位移的增加,C-1-4发生部分失效,引起钢(3.00 mm)-2与GFRP(2.00 mm)-3的胶接界面不完全分离,形成了第2次载荷突变。第3次载荷突降是由于C-1-3完全失效,钢(3.00 mm)-2与GFRP(2.00 mm)-2的胶接界面完全分离,在实验和模拟试件上均可观察到明显的裂纹。在实验与模拟的最后阶段,C-1-4依然在承受剪切载荷,C-3-1承受了剥离载荷,导致了钢(3.00 mm)-1和钢(3.00 mm)-2发生了塑性形变,虽然位移在不断增加,但是压缩载荷保持了平稳。模拟与实验的失效模式相吻合。
表4为不同胶接长度L型接头实验和模拟曲线的极限载荷及相应位移。从表4中可以看出,当胶接长度变化时,L型混合结构的极限载荷和压缩位移并没有明显的改变。
图13为不同胶接长度的L型接头的载荷-位移曲线。从图中可以看出,在第1次突降之前,载荷有一个较为明显的缓慢增长阶段,在载荷突变时,C-1-1、C-1-2和C-1-3都发生了部分失效,C-1-1的SDEG值更低,虽然压缩载荷发生较大幅度的下降,但胶接界面没有完全分离。虽然C-1-1最开始发生损伤(在GFRP(2.00 mm)-1与钢(3.00 mm)-1的边界有裂纹),但承载的主要是C-1-2和C-1-3。当C-1-2和C-1-3完全失效时,载荷-位移曲线发生了第2次变化,即GFRP(2.00 mm)-2与钢(3.00 mm)-1、钢(3.00 mm)-2的胶接界面完全分离,在实验与模拟中均可发现明显裂纹。在曲线平稳阶段,结构进入稳定阶段。从曲线中可以看出实验与模拟的第2次载荷变化时的位移相差较大,但整体曲线趋势吻合,且失效模式对应较好,实验与模拟具有较好的相互验证作用。
表5为不同胶接长度L型接头实验和模拟曲线的极限载荷及相应位移。从表中可以看出,极限载荷和压缩位移的值均大于表4中的极值,说明混合结构试件承载性能随着胶接长度的增加而提高。
图14为不同胶接长度的L型接头的载荷-位移曲线。从图14(a)~(b)中可以看出,L型接头的载荷变化主要是由C-1-2和C-1-3的失效引起的。从初始的C-1-1、C-1-2和C-1-3的部分失效到C-1-2和C-1-3的完全失效,整体结构的损坏从GFRP(2.00 mm)-1与钢(3.00 mm)-1发生部分剥离,到GFRP(2.00 mm)-2与钢(3.00 mm)完全剥离,在图13(a)和(b)中可以看到明显的裂缝。图14中,C-1-1在初期也出现了部分失效,在实验和模拟中都发现了明显的小范围剥离现象,C-1-1的未完全失效保证了钢(8.00 mm)能够持续承载,即载荷-位移曲线在最终阶段不发生剧烈波动。当载荷达到最大值时,载荷缓慢下降并且出现了相当长的平台期,当实验结束时也没有明显的载荷变化。达到极值载荷后,L型接头具有一定的剩余强度,也从另外一方面验证了混合结构具有较高的损伤容限。
本文设计了一种带±45°凹槽结构的钢/GFRP材质L型接头,分析了不同胶接长度对L型接头力学性能的影响。在对L型接头的模拟分析中,将±45°凹槽结构等效为零厚度的内聚力单元层。最后对比分析了实验和模拟两种方法得到的极限载荷、位移和失效模式,由此验证了本文模拟方法的适用性。
对不同胶接长度的L型接头的失效模式进行分析,得出以下结论:当胶接长度小于100.00 mm时,L型接头的抗压缩性能随胶接长度的增加而增加;当胶接长度大于100.00 mm时,L型接头的抗压缩性能随胶接长度的增加而减弱。当胶接长度发生变化时,L型接头的失效模式也会发生较大变化。最终得出,当胶接长度为100 mm时,L型接头的压缩强度最高。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52171311; 52271279)
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.012
  • 接收时间:2025-03-15
  • 首发时间:2026-03-26
  • 出版时间:2025-09-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-15
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52171311; 52271279)
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    江苏科技大学 船舶与海洋工程学院,江苏 镇江 212100

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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种数
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species
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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