Article(id=1243896352808219609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.010, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1742745600000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774497600986, onlineDateStr=2026-03-26, pubDate=1758297600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774497600986, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774497600986, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774497600986, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243896350367134664, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2025', volume='29', issue='9', pageStart='1343', pageEnd='1498', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774497600404, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774501609474, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584796, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243913165692584797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896350367134664, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1444, endPage=1453, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243896353265398755, articleId=1243896352808219609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=An analytical method for predicting bi-directional torsional stiffness of unbonded flexible pipes, columnId=1242129251223274417, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Structural Mechanics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

An analytical model of pipe torsional stiffness in clockwise and counterclockwise directions is derived based on the helical winding structural characteristics of steel wires in the unbonded flexible pipe armour layers considering radial contraction and expansion phenomena. Taking a typical unbonded flexible pipe as an example, the bi-directional torsional stiffness analysis is conducted. The results show that the analytical model has a close match with the results of existing numerical model. It can be found that the error is 3.5% in clockwise torsion, and the error in counterclockwise torsion is 4.6%. This paper can provide a useful reference for the design and analysis of the torsional performance of flexible pipes.

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依据非粘接柔性管道铠装钢丝螺旋缠绕的结构特点,考虑扭转过程中钢丝的径向收缩和膨胀现象,推导了一种正扭和反扭扭转方向下的管道扭转刚度解析模型,并以某典型非粘接柔性管道为实例进行双向扭转刚度分析,计算结果显示,解析模型与现有数值模型结果吻合良好,正扭时误差为3.5%,反扭时误差为4.6%。本研究结论可以为柔性管道扭转性能设计分析提供有益参考。

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吴尚华(1990-),男,博士,讲师

尹原超(1991-),男,博士,助理研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

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Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 2019, 44 (12): 10397-10408., articleTitle=Effect of axial compression and wet collapse loads on torsional response of flexible pipe, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1243896374920589961, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, awardId=52201395; 52301315, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(52201395; 52301315), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1243896366540370313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1243896366544564618, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, companyId=1243896366540370313, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China), 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figureFileBig=+12l9V5tfOOjb/I1ZhfXow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373129622098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Diagram of stress-deformation condition of the inner steel wire in the tensile armor, figureFileSmall=DcQIY6d2GMKcQjb4T9a5Gg==, figureFileBig=5+JBGhm4J5RIoTOzK7J+Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373221896788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, language=CN, label=图7, caption=内层铠装钢丝受力变形平面展开图, figureFileSmall=DcQIY6d2GMKcQjb4T9a5Gg==, figureFileBig=5+JBGhm4J5RIoTOzK7J+Eg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896373322560090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Stress condition of the micro element section of the inner steel wire in the armor layer, figureFileSmall=MRvU2GGw40YhaXsm5AeCFg==, 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, language=CN, label=图11, caption=扭矩-转角曲线对比图, figureFileSmall=7pWIeFrFo9t5nJl+TXjE7w==, figureFileBig=ZcJlxqzgm3K5DIdaNYqsqg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896374408884855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Geometry and material parameters of the example pipe

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结构层壁厚/mm钢丝数缠绕角度/(°)截面面积/mm2屈服强度/MPa杨氏模量/MPa泊松比
骨架层3.51-87.519.6320199 0000.3
内护套层4.91302840.4
抗压层6.21-85.551.5900207 0000.3
防磨层11.51-84.245203010.4
抗拉层1340+35.0181260211 0000.3
防磨层21.51-84.745203010.4
抗拉层2344-35.0181260211 0000.3
外护套层0.51206000.4
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实例管道几何和材料参数

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结构层壁厚/mm钢丝数缠绕角度/(°)截面面积/mm2屈服强度/MPa杨氏模量/MPa泊松比
骨架层3.51-87.519.6320199 0000.3
内护套层4.91302840.4
抗压层6.21-85.551.5900207 0000.3
防磨层11.51-84.245203010.4
抗拉层1340+35.0181260211 0000.3
防磨层21.51-84.745203010.4
抗拉层2344-35.0181260211 0000.3
外护套层0.51206000.4
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Comparison of calculation results of torsional stiffness

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序号扭转刚度计算模型正扭扭转刚度(kN·m2/rad)反扭扭转刚度(kN·m2/rad)
1Senor仿真模型20278
2Lloyd's register仿真模型17782
3MAI Tape version仿真模型21390
4MAI仿真模型21891
5Statoil仿真模型21997
6Seaflex仿真模型20277
7NTH/SINREF仿真模型19472
8Wellstream仿真模型22287
9UCL仿真模型23094
10仿真模型平均值208.685.3
11Lei理论模型183.577.88
12本文理论模型215.8689.26
), ArticleFig(id=1243896374757012101, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896352808219609, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

扭转刚度计算结果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号扭转刚度计算模型正扭扭转刚度(kN·m2/rad)反扭扭转刚度(kN·m2/rad)
1Senor仿真模型20278
2Lloyd's register仿真模型17782
3MAI Tape version仿真模型21390
4MAI仿真模型21891
5Statoil仿真模型21997
6Seaflex仿真模型20277
7NTH/SINREF仿真模型19472
8Wellstream仿真模型22287
9UCL仿真模型23094
10仿真模型平均值208.685.3
11Lei理论模型183.577.88
12本文理论模型215.8689.26
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一种海洋非粘接柔性管道双向扭转刚度解析预测方法
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吴尚华 1 , 申卓远 1 , 杨志勋 2 , 尹原超 1 , 刘俊裕 1
船舶力学 | 结构力学 2025,29(9): 1444-1453
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船舶力学 | 结构力学 2025, 29(9): 1444-1453
一种海洋非粘接柔性管道双向扭转刚度解析预测方法
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吴尚华1, 申卓远1, 杨志勋2, 尹原超1 , 刘俊裕1
作者信息
  • 1.大连理工大学 化工海洋与生命学院,辽宁 盘锦 124221
  • 2.哈尔滨工程大学 机电工程学院,哈尔滨 150001
  • 吴尚华(1990-),男,博士,讲师

    尹原超(1991-),男,博士,助理研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
An analytical method for predicting bi-directional torsional stiffness of unbonded flexible pipes
Shang-hua WU1, Zhuo-yuan SHEN1, Zhi-xun YANG2, Yuan-chao YIN1 , Jun-yu LIU1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Chemical Engineering, Ocean and Life Sciences, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
  • 2.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
出版时间: 2025-09-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.010
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依据非粘接柔性管道铠装钢丝螺旋缠绕的结构特点,考虑扭转过程中钢丝的径向收缩和膨胀现象,推导了一种正扭和反扭扭转方向下的管道扭转刚度解析模型,并以某典型非粘接柔性管道为实例进行双向扭转刚度分析,计算结果显示,解析模型与现有数值模型结果吻合良好,正扭时误差为3.5%,反扭时误差为4.6%。本研究结论可以为柔性管道扭转性能设计分析提供有益参考。

柔性管道  /  扭转刚度  /  径向膨胀  /  径向收缩  /  解析模型

An analytical model of pipe torsional stiffness in clockwise and counterclockwise directions is derived based on the helical winding structural characteristics of steel wires in the unbonded flexible pipe armour layers considering radial contraction and expansion phenomena. Taking a typical unbonded flexible pipe as an example, the bi-directional torsional stiffness analysis is conducted. The results show that the analytical model has a close match with the results of existing numerical model. It can be found that the error is 3.5% in clockwise torsion, and the error in counterclockwise torsion is 4.6%. This paper can provide a useful reference for the design and analysis of the torsional performance of flexible pipes.

flexible pipes  /  torsional stiffness  /  radial expansion  /  radial contraction  /  analytical model
吴尚华, 申卓远, 杨志勋, 尹原超, 刘俊裕. 一种海洋非粘接柔性管道双向扭转刚度解析预测方法. 船舶力学, 2025 , 29 (9) : 1444 -1453 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.010
Shang-hua WU, Zhuo-yuan SHEN, Zhi-xun YANG, Yuan-chao YIN, Jun-yu LIU. An analytical method for predicting bi-directional torsional stiffness of unbonded flexible pipes[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2025 , 29 (9) : 1444 -1453 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.010
海洋非粘接柔性管道是海上油气资源开发的关键装备,典型结构如图1所示。多层螺旋缠绕非粘接的结构特点使其具有较大的轴向和径向刚度,同时具备一定的柔顺性。管道在实际应用过程中不可避免会受到扭转荷载,甚至造成扭转破坏现象。例如,从工厂加工制造完成后由存储卷盘倒入铺管船储管舱,需要经历倒管过程,极易产生扭转累积现象[1],另一种扭转失效情况是管道在位应用中发生的剧烈扭转,由于疲劳等因素导致的某一、二根铠装钢丝的断裂引起管道拉扭不平衡,从而导致管道发生可见的扭转破坏[2],如图2所示。除材料强度失效外,扭转失稳是主要的扭转失效模式[3]之一,其中安装过程中导致的管道整体扭转失稳如图2(a)所示,在位过程中出现的管道铠装钢丝局部扭转失稳如图2(b)所示。扭转刚度是衡量管道扭转稳定性的重要指标,因此研究非粘接柔性管道截面的扭转刚度,对管道的实际应用具有重要价值。
非粘接柔性管道截面的扭转性能,主要取决于其螺旋缠绕的铠装钢丝层。长期以来国内外学者针对类似或相同的螺旋缠绕结构的扭转性能开展了大量分析研究工作。在理论分析方面,Love[4]最早提出了非线性平衡方程来评估螺旋结构在受到单一力或力矩下的力学平衡条件。此后,Phillips等[5]利用Love的非线性方程对电缆螺旋钢丝结构在扭转荷载下邻间接触应力展开研究,但忽略了钢丝的轴向变形和接触摩擦。Costello等[6-7]继而考虑了钢丝轴向变形和接触摩擦的影响,建立了电缆螺旋钢丝结构在分别承受拉伸、弯曲、扭转[6]、拉弯及拉扭组合[7]五种荷载下的力学平衡条件。Huang[8]对电缆钢丝承受拉扭荷载下的各项力学响应展开进一步研究,研究结果表明钢丝的相互分离会影响管道整体刚度,但未给出具体的刚度解析解。对此,Knapp[9]通过简化线性算法,建立了螺旋缠绕结构在承受拉扭荷载下的刚度矩阵,给出了扭转刚度计算的线性和非线性解析解。Lanteigne[10]进一步考虑了海洋电缆钢丝在拉伸、扭转、弯曲三种荷载耦合下的力学行为,建立了轴向、扭转和弯曲荷载下的刚度矩阵。柔性管道的铠装钢丝与海洋电缆类似,均为螺旋缠绕结构,因此学者们以海洋电缆为基础开展柔性管道扭转性能的理论分析方法研究。然而柔性管道为空心结构,其铠装钢丝的缠绕半径和曲率半径明显大于海洋电缆,导致柔性管道的铠装钢丝在扭转过程中的径向收缩和径向膨胀效应更为明显。以往电缆的扭转刚度模型未考虑外层钢丝径向膨胀的影响,且对于钢丝径向收缩刚度的理论计算而言,柔性管道内部的空心结构需要考虑圆柱壳管壁的压缩刚度,这与海洋电缆内部实心填充的圆柱体径向压缩刚度计算有所不同,因此学者们针对柔性管道的扭转性能开展了进一步研究。Oliveira等[11]针对柔性管道的抗拉铠装层开展理论和实验研究,通过实验所得的经验因子,建立了抗拉铠装层扭转刚度的预估理论模型。Goto等[12]利用类似的方法对柔性管道抗拉铠装层的机械强度进行研究,建立了抗扭和抗压强度预测公式。然而,利用经验因子建立解析公式存在较大局限性,为此,Bournazel等[13]对非粘接柔性管道在轴对称荷载下抗拉铠装层的内部应力以及管道各层间的接触压力进行了系统性的研究,建立了对应的扭转刚度理论模型,但却忽略了护套层的影响。近年来,Lei等[14]基于以往提出的截面等效方法,建立了关于非粘接柔性管道扭转刚度计算的解析模型,并利用一典型的2.5寸柔性管道为例进行数值仿真,仿真结果验证了该模型的准确性。值得注意的是,Sævik等[15]针对柔性管道的抗拉铠装钢丝在承受轴向压力下的抗屈曲失稳能力展开了研究,其建立的抗屈曲层和外护套层的径向刚度公式,为柔性管道扭转性能的完善研究提供了有益参考。
在数值仿真和实验验证方面,Witz[16]针对非粘接柔性管道在承受轴向力、扭矩和弯矩荷载下的几何和力学响应,对不同机构提供的柔性管道仿真数据进行了对比,结果表明在扭转荷载下,结构的各项响应和实验数据基本吻合。Sævik等[17]将弯曲梁运动理论、薄壳理论和虚位移原理结合,建立了抗拉铠装层的有限元理论模型,并通过实验验证了模型的准确性。de Sousa等[18]提出了一种海洋柔性管道的三维有限元分析模型,用以分析管道在承受液压箍力作用下的应力、应变响应,通过数值仿真和实验验证相结合的方式验证了模型的准确性。Merino等[19]通过对上述de Sousa[18]有限元模型进行推广优化,在有轴向位移约束和无约束两种情况下,对管道一端施加扭矩时管道的扭转刚度展开实验和仿真的研究,并和Batista等[20]提出的扭转刚度解析模型数据进行对比,数据结果吻合良好。随着有限元仿真技术的发展,针对柔性管道扭转性能的研究逐渐完善。其中,吴尚华等[21-22]对扭转载荷下柔性管道截面可能发生的三种失效形式展开理论、数值仿真和实验研究,对每种失效形式给出了理论判据。Dong等[23]提出了一种模型,用于对非粘接柔性管道在承受拉伸、弯曲和扭转荷载下的铠装钢丝的扭矩转角曲线以及与横截面曲率变化的关系进行预测,并通过数值仿真的方式进行了验证。Zhu等[24]研究了轴向压缩和湿环荷载对非粘接性柔性管道在顺时针和逆时针两种不同扭转方向下的扭转刚度的影响,并通过数值仿真的方式验证了结果。Lei等[3]考虑到初始椭圆度缺陷对管道扭转刚度的影响,通过数值仿真总结了椭圆度的变化和扭转刚度之间的影响关系。
基于上述分析可知,多层螺旋缠绕结构的扭转涉及层间的相互作用行为,目前已有较多的理论模型,并通过数值和实验方法进行了验证。但钢丝绳、海洋电缆、脐带缆的内芯为实心结构,非粘接柔性管道的内芯为空心结构,二者与螺旋铠装钢丝的相互作用行为有所不同,因此原有钢丝绳、海洋电缆、脐带缆的扭转理论无法适用于非粘接柔性管道。而目前非粘接柔性管道的扭转理论较少,且分析过程中将内层结构等效为圆筒,不可避免地引入了误差。本文推导了一种在纯扭转荷载下,考虑铠装钢丝径向变形的非粘接柔性管道扭转刚度解析模型,在不进行等效的情况下简单直接地预测管道的双向扭转刚度,并将已有柔性管道扭转刚度数值结果与本文模型进行对比,验证模型的准确性。
当管道扭转的方向不同时,铠装钢丝的受力状态和层间相互作用方式有所不同,扭转刚度则会产生差异。这里定义与外层铠装钢丝螺旋缠绕方向一致的扭转方向为正扭方向,与内层铠装钢丝螺旋缠绕方向一致的扭转方向为反扭方向,如图3所示。显然,正扭时外层铠装钢丝呈现径向收缩的趋势,而内层铠装钢丝呈现径向膨胀的趋势,由此两层铠装钢丝相互挤压;而反扭时外层铠装钢丝出现径向膨胀,内层铠装钢丝出现径向收缩,由此两层铠装钢丝呈现相互背离的趋势。此时,由内层铠装钢丝以内的各层共同抵抗内层铠装钢丝的径向收缩,而外护套、抗屈曲扁钢带则一起抵抗外层铠装钢丝的径向膨胀。鉴于非粘接柔性管道的各层结构较为复杂,理论描述必然存在较多缺陷,因此为了方便分析管道的力学行为,采取如下的假设来获得柔性管道的力学模型:
(1)管道在扭转过程中,不发生沿轴线方向的伸长或收缩。因此,该模型仅适用于管道轴向长度不发生变化的扭转过程的刚度计算。
(2)对于管道的每层铠装,其钢丝沿环向均匀分布。同一层的铠装钢丝之间存在间隙,并且在扭转过程中间隙一直存在,同一层的铠装钢丝没有相互接触。
(3)忽略层间摩擦的作用。
(4)不考虑护套层、骨架层、抗压层自身的扭转刚度,其只在扭转过程中起到限制径向位移的作用。
正扭时,以单个节距的铠装钢丝为研究对象,变形和受力情况如图4所示。扭转前的钢丝编号为“1”,扭转后的钢丝编号为“2”。内外两层钢丝的螺距分别为h1h2,钢丝的缠绕半径分别为R1R2。钢丝一端固定,另一端扭转角度分别为∆θ1、∆θ2,扭转的弧长分别为12。由图可知,内层铠装钢丝扭转后自身长度变短,受沿钢丝轴向的压缩荷载作用;外层铠装钢丝扭转后长度变长,受沿钢丝轴向的拉伸荷载作用。将内外层铠装钢丝展开成平面图,如图5所示。
图5(a)可以得到如下关系:
式中,l1为单个节距的内层铠装钢丝原长,R1为缠绕半径,α1为内层钢丝缠绕角度。
当一定的扭转角施加在钢丝的横截面上时,由于变形量微小,有
式中,∆l1为内层钢丝的伸长量,∆1为内层钢丝截面沿管道环向的位移。
因内层钢丝伸长而产生的应变ε1
内层钢丝因伸长而产生的内力为拉力,记为F1,其沿管道横截面切向的分力大小F1,T
图4(a)中∆θ1表示单位螺距的内层铠装钢丝扭转角度,将其除以螺距h1可得单位长度管道的扭转角度(以国际单位制时,表示每米扭转的弧度):
则正扭时,内层铠装钢丝的扭转刚度为
式中,n1是内层铠装钢丝的根数,E1为内层铠装钢丝的杨氏模量,A1为内层钢丝截面面积。
同理,由图5(b)得,外层铠装钢丝的扭转刚度大小K2可表示为
式中,n2是外层铠装钢丝的根数,E2为外层铠装钢丝的杨氏模量,A2为外层钢丝截面面积,∆θ2为单个节距的外层铠装钢丝沿轴向的每米扭转角,R2为外层钢丝缠绕半径,α2为外层钢丝缠绕角度。
由式(6)与(7)可得正扭时管道的扭转刚度为K正扭=K1 + K2
反扭时,管道内层及单根铠装钢丝的径向收缩效应如图6所示。假设对钢丝施加一定扭转角θ时,单位节距的内层钢丝沿环向产生∆1的位移,钢丝由位置1移动到位置2。对于内层的径向收缩效应,假设钢丝2沿管道径向的收缩值为∆R1,在微小变形下,可认为该位移沿缠绕轨迹均匀分布。此时,单个节距钢丝在管道横截面投影的圆周周长减小量为2π∆R1,钢丝位置由2变动到3,内层钢丝周长由2πR1变为2π(R1 + ∆1−∆R1)。
将单根内层铠装钢丝拉直铺设到平面上,忽略铠装钢丝沿y轴截面的宽度,进行简化受力和变形分析,如图7所示。
钢丝扭转过程中伸长的长度为
结合式(1)、(2),钢丝内部的轴向应变为
由式(4)、(5)、(6)、(9),得到
为了得到∆R1与∆1之间的比值关系,截取内层铠装钢丝一小段微元,其受力如图8所示。图中,ρ1为内层铠装钢丝的曲率半径,大小为q1为内护套、骨架层、抗压铠装层对单位长度内层铠装钢丝的挤压力。
由受力平衡条件,有
Sævik等[15]采用理论方法给出了铠装钢丝径向膨胀时,圆筒状的外护套和螺旋缠绕的捆扎带为单位长度的铠装钢丝提供的径向刚度表达式。膨胀时管道纵截面受拉,收缩时管道纵截面受压,无论对于圆筒状结构还是螺旋缠绕结构,膨胀和收缩过程只存在受力方向的差异,而径向刚度相同。因此同理可得钢丝收缩时,圆筒状的内护套对单位长度铠装钢丝提供的径向刚度C1,以及骨架层、抗压铠装层等螺旋缠绕层对单位长度铠装钢丝提供的径向刚度Ci如下:
式中,Es1为圆筒层弹性模量,ts1为圆筒层厚度,Rs1为圆筒层半径,Ei为螺旋缠绕层弹性模量,Ai为螺旋缠绕层截面面积,Ri为螺旋缠绕层的半径。
内护套层和异型截面层对单位长度铠装钢丝提供的径向刚度为
结合径向刚度定义式以及式(11),得到
结合式(10)、(14),得到考虑径向收缩的内层铠装钢丝的扭转刚度:
反扭时外层铠装钢丝的径向膨胀效应如图9所示。与径向收缩时的情况类似,外层铠装钢丝径向膨胀时会导致外护套和抗屈曲层产生相应的均匀径向变形。假设在施加一定扭转角θ时,单位节距外层钢丝沿环向产生∆2的位移,钢丝由位置1移到位置2。假设钢丝2沿管道径向的膨胀值为∆R2,该位移沿缠绕轨迹均匀分布,此时钢丝位置由2移到3。外层钢丝周长由2πR2变为2π(R2−∆2 + ∆R2)。
同理,将单根外层铠装钢丝拉直铺设到平面上,其受力形式为沿铠装钢丝轴向受压,其受力位移示意图以及微元段受力如图10所示。图中q2为捆扎带和外护套层对单位长度外层铠装钢丝的挤压力;ρ2为外层铠装钢丝的曲率半径,大小为
结合式(2)至(13),同理得到
式中,Es2为外护套弹性模量,ts2为外护套厚度,Rs2为外护套半径,E3为捆扎带弹性模量,A3为捆扎带截面面积,R3为捆扎带半径,α3为捆扎带的缠绕角度。
外护套层和捆扎带对单位长度铠装钢丝提供的径向刚度为C外层=C2 + C3,结合径向刚度定义式以及式(17),可得
结合式(16)、(20)可得
由式(15)、(21)可得反扭时管道的扭转刚度为K反扭=K1+ K2
以Witz[16]的2.5寸(内径为63.2 mm)柔性管道为实例管道,利用上述理论分析方法将得到的扭转刚度计算结果和Lei[14]的理论研究结果进行对比。实例管道各层的截面几何和材料参数如表1所示。
将表中相关数据代入式(6)、(7)、(12)、(13)、(15)、(18)、(19)、(21),考虑到该实例的抗屈曲带为非缠绕结构的薄壁圆筒,得到:
(1)方向为正扭时,内层铠装钢丝的扭转刚度K1=93.15 kN·m2/rad,外层铠装钢丝的扭转刚度K2=122.71 kN·m2/rad,整体扭转刚度则为215.86 kN·m2/rad。
(2)方向为反扭时,内层提供的径向刚度C内层=3550.96 MPa,内层铠装钢丝的扭转刚度K1=88.68 kN·m2/rad,外层提供的径向刚度C外层=0.64 MPa,外层铠装钢丝的扭转刚度K2=0.58 kN·m2/rad。整体扭转刚度则为89.26 kN·m2/rad。
模型相同的情况下,Witz[16]汇总了11个机构所提供的扭转刚度数值仿真数据,舍去最大和最小值,和Lei[14]的解析模型结果以及本文解析模型计算结果汇总到一起,如表2所示。
将本文的模型计算结果以扭矩-每米扭转角(弧度制)的形式和表2中的Lei[14]理论模型结果、仿真模型平均值绘制在图11中。
图11表2中数据可知,Lei[14]理论模型与11家不同机构的数值模型均值的误差,在正扭时为−12%,反扭时为−8.7%,可给出保守的扭转刚度预测结果;本文模型与上述机构的仿真模型均值的误差,在正扭时为+3.5%,反扭时为+4.6%,可用于双向扭转刚度的快速预测,结果略偏危险。
本文考虑螺旋缠绕结构的特点,推导了一种海洋非粘接柔性管道双向扭转刚度的解析计算模型。无需进行各层等效,计算过程较为简单便捷。将现有扭转刚度数值模型的计算结果取平均值与本文模型的计算结果进行对比,验证了本文解析模型的正确性。该模型可以为柔性管道的结构设计分析提供有益参考。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52201395; 52301315)
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2025年第29卷第9期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.09.010
  • 接收时间:2025-03-24
  • 首发时间:2026-03-26
  • 出版时间:2025-09-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-24
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52201395; 52301315)
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    1.大连理工大学 化工海洋与生命学院,辽宁 盘锦 124221
    2.哈尔滨工程大学 机电工程学院,哈尔滨 150001

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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