Article(id=1243896233635459291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896229885751465, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.08.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740240000000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774497572572, onlineDateStr=2026-03-26, pubDate=1755619200000, pubDateStr=2025-08-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774497572572, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774497572572, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774497572572, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243896229885751465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2025', volume='29', issue='8', pageStart='1181', pageEnd='1342', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774497571678, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774501555614, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243912939799949656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896229885751465, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243912939799949657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243896229885751465, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1261, endPage=1270, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243896233899700453, articleId=1243896233635459291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=Research on fatigue crack propagation model under storm model loading, columnId=1242129251223274417, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Structural Mechanics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The storm model is a simplified model to describe the random wave loads borne by the ship structures in complex marine environments. This paper proposed an improved Newman model, namely the NPhi model, to consider the load order and interaction effects of storm models, which is based on the Newman model, considering the load interaction effects in Huang’s model and the improved McEvily model. An overload coefficient was introduced into the effective stress intensity factor range to characterize the hysteresis and acceleration phenomena caused by overload. Using the crack propagation program established in this paper, the correctness of the test results using the propagation from multi-level block loading and storm model was verified, and the influence of overload coefficient was studied. Based on the study by the Fatigue and Fracture Technical Committee of the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC), it is shown that the NPhi model has better prediction ability compared to other typical crack propagation models. Additionally, a reasonable overload coefficient value is crucial for the prediction results.

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风暴模型是一种用于描述船体结构在复杂海洋环境中所承受的随机波浪载荷的简化模型。为了考虑风暴模型载荷顺序及其相互作用的影响,本文基于Newman模型,结合Huang模型及改进后的McEvily模型中考虑载荷相互作用效应的思路,在有效应力强度因子幅中引入超载系数,用以表征过载所导致的迟滞及过载-欠载后的加速现象,提出了一种改进后的Newman模型——NPhi模型。编写裂纹扩展模型程序,使用多级块载及风暴模型试验结果对裂纹扩展模型进行正确性验证并研究了超载系数的影响。根据国际船舶与海洋工程结构大会(ISSC)疲劳与断裂技术委员会的共同研究,通过与试验结果对比,发现NPhi模型相比其他典型裂纹扩展模型具有更好的预报能力,此外,合理的迟滞指数取值对预报结果是十分重要的。

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通讯作者,E-mail:
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蒋怡然(1999-),男,硕士研究生

乐京霞(1977-),女,博士,教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

刘洪瑞(2000-),男,硕士研究生。

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prediction results from SR219 under storm model load conditions, figureFileSmall=ZJAadtHf9VJpHZbei9inag==, figureFileBig=cZOwSUD2vB2C9X7n+52C/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896244356100793, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896233635459291, language=CN, label=图12, caption=SR219提供风暴模型载荷下寿命预测结果, figureFileSmall=ZJAadtHf9VJpHZbei9inag==, figureFileBig=cZOwSUD2vB2C9X7n+52C/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243896244460958398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243896233635459291, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Material properties and fatigue crack propagation characteristics of CT specimens

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材料牌名弹性模量E/GPa泊松比ν屈服应力σy/MPa抗拉强度σu/MPa伸长量%
2060.30143255621.0
AH36CmKeff,thKIC[10]
7.24E-123.073.078
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CT试件材料性能及疲劳裂纹扩展特性

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材料牌名弹性模量E/GPa泊松比ν屈服应力σy/MPa抗拉强度σu/MPa伸长量%
2060.30143255621.0
AH36CmKeff,thKIC[10]
7.24E-123.073.078
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Test conditions

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试验类型工况编号载荷形式
载荷幅值/kN应力比过载间距
多级块载工况112→9→60.05/0.067/0.14 mm
工况212→6→90.05/0.1/0.0674 mm
风暴模型工况3平静海况:60.1
风暴海况:7→8→9→10→11→120.085/0.75/0.067/0.06/0.0545/0.051456/3195/2903/1643/628/182次
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试验工况

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试验类型工况编号载荷形式
载荷幅值/kN应力比过载间距
多级块载工况112→9→60.05/0.067/0.14 mm
工况212→6→90.05/0.1/0.0674 mm
风暴模型工况3平静海况:60.1
风暴海况:7→8→9→10→11→120.085/0.75/0.067/0.06/0.0545/0.051456/3195/2903/1643/628/182次
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风暴模型载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展模型研究
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蒋怡然 , 乐京霞 , 刘洪瑞
船舶力学 | 结构力学 2025,29(8): 1261-1270
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船舶力学 | 结构力学 2025, 29(8): 1261-1270
风暴模型载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展模型研究
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蒋怡然, 乐京霞 , 刘洪瑞
作者信息
  • 武汉理工大学 船海与能源动力工程学院,武汉 430063
  • 蒋怡然(1999-),男,硕士研究生

    乐京霞(1977-),女,博士,教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

    刘洪瑞(2000-),男,硕士研究生。

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
Research on fatigue crack propagation model under storm model loading
Yi-ran JIANG, Jing-xia YUE , Hong-rui LIU
Affiliations
  • School of Naval Architecture and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430063, China
出版时间: 2025-08-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.08.008
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风暴模型是一种用于描述船体结构在复杂海洋环境中所承受的随机波浪载荷的简化模型。为了考虑风暴模型载荷顺序及其相互作用的影响,本文基于Newman模型,结合Huang模型及改进后的McEvily模型中考虑载荷相互作用效应的思路,在有效应力强度因子幅中引入超载系数,用以表征过载所导致的迟滞及过载-欠载后的加速现象,提出了一种改进后的Newman模型——NPhi模型。编写裂纹扩展模型程序,使用多级块载及风暴模型试验结果对裂纹扩展模型进行正确性验证并研究了超载系数的影响。根据国际船舶与海洋工程结构大会(ISSC)疲劳与断裂技术委员会的共同研究,通过与试验结果对比,发现NPhi模型相比其他典型裂纹扩展模型具有更好的预报能力,此外,合理的迟滞指数取值对预报结果是十分重要的。

风暴模型  /  裂纹扩展模型  /  载荷相互作用效应  /  超载系数

The storm model is a simplified model to describe the random wave loads borne by the ship structures in complex marine environments. This paper proposed an improved Newman model, namely the NPhi model, to consider the load order and interaction effects of storm models, which is based on the Newman model, considering the load interaction effects in Huang’s model and the improved McEvily model. An overload coefficient was introduced into the effective stress intensity factor range to characterize the hysteresis and acceleration phenomena caused by overload. Using the crack propagation program established in this paper, the correctness of the test results using the propagation from multi-level block loading and storm model was verified, and the influence of overload coefficient was studied. Based on the study by the Fatigue and Fracture Technical Committee of the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress (ISSC), it is shown that the NPhi model has better prediction ability compared to other typical crack propagation models. Additionally, a reasonable overload coefficient value is crucial for the prediction results.

storm model  /  crack propagation model  /  load interaction effect  /  overload coefficient
蒋怡然, 乐京霞, 刘洪瑞. 风暴模型载荷下疲劳裂纹扩展模型研究. 船舶力学, 2025 , 29 (8) : 1261 -1270 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.08.008
Yi-ran JIANG, Jing-xia YUE, Hong-rui LIU. Research on fatigue crack propagation model under storm model loading[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2025 , 29 (8) : 1261 -1270 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.08.008
船舶海上航行时由于遭遇周期性波浪载荷及风暴下的极端载荷,船上的构件往往会出现严重的疲劳事故,造成巨大的损失。因此,研究海上实际载荷下裂纹扩展行为具有重要意义。目前,使用疲劳裂纹扩展方法研究裂纹扩展行为已持续几十年,并且疲劳裂纹扩展方法比传统的S-N曲线方法更适合描述疲劳过程,然而,疲劳裂纹扩展方法中载荷相互作用对疲劳裂纹扩展性能的影响通常被忽略,因为人们普遍认为随机载荷下各种载荷相互作用的影响较小。为了提高疲劳裂纹扩展预测的准确性,必须考虑载荷相互作用的影响。因此,在2021年ISSC共同研究小组针对海上实际载荷下考虑载荷相互作用的裂纹扩展行为展开了基准研究。
为了研究载荷相互作用对复杂随机载荷下裂纹扩展行为的影响,一些学者对随机波浪载荷进行了简化。Tomita等[1]将海上随机波浪载荷谱简化为“风暴模型”,认为海上波浪情况分为两种,即平静海况(calm sea condition):船舶在波高相对低的条件下航行时,遇到的波高可以看作是与时间无关的随机过程;风暴海况(storm condition):船舶在波高较高的条件下航行时,波高随时间的推移而增加,并且仅在一点处达到最大值,然后逐渐减少,遇到的波高是一个与时间相关的过程。这两种情况随机交替出现,构成了“风暴模型”,如图1所示。“风暴模型”一般由具有不同应力比的多载荷块组成,载荷排列符合Rayleigh分布,在研究时,需考虑应力比的变化以及块载间的相互作用效应。为了考虑应力比对裂纹扩展的影响,目前大多数学者对Paris模型进行改进。其中,Newman[2]通过大量不同应力比下的裂纹闭合试验研究发现,残余塑性变形引起的裂纹闭合是变幅载荷下相互作用效应产生的重要原因。因此,他考虑了有效应力强度因子幅、裂纹扩展门槛值和断裂韧性等影响,从而得到了能模拟应力比变化导致的裂纹扩展速率变化影响的Newman模型,然而,他并未从模型形式上对载荷相互作用效应做出合理解释。为考虑载荷相互作用效应对裂纹扩展的影响,一些学者对裂纹扩展模型进一步改进。McEvily等[3]提出了单参数模型来解释物理短裂纹及宏观长裂纹下的过载疲劳现象。崔维成等[4]进一步将McEvily模型改进为九参数模型,使得改进后的McEvily模型适用范围推广到了整个疲劳过程,并能对过载下瞬时加速、延迟迟滞及迟滞现象做出合理解释,然而,整个模型所需确定的参数较多,因此需要有大量的材料疲劳试验基础数据。Huang等[5]基于Wheeler模型,从塑性区尺寸大小出发考虑载荷间相互作用,引入R=0时的等效应力强度因子幅,提出了适用于描述过载迟滞及过载-欠载加速的Huang模型,然而,该模型在模拟风暴模型时,由于迟滞系数设置过小而高估了迟滞现象[11]。综上,在风暴模型下对于疲劳裂纹扩展迟滞现象的研究尚未有适用的裂纹扩展模型。因此,结合已有模型进行改进,提出一个简便且适用于模拟风暴模型下过载迟滞现象的裂纹扩展模型是有必要的。
本文将基于Newman模型,结合Huang模型及改进后的McEvily模型中考虑载荷相互作用效应的思路,在有效应力强度因子幅中引入超载系数,以表征过载所导致的迟滞及过载-欠载后加速现象,进而提出了一种改进后的Newman模型——NPhi模型。同时,为验证NPhi模型的准确性,本文编写了裂纹扩展模型程序,使用多级块载及风暴模型试验结果对其正确性进行了验证,并研究分析了迟滞指数选取问题。最后,本文通过对ISSC共同研究课题所开展的风暴载荷工况进行模拟,将NPhi模型与其他典型裂纹扩展模型进行了对比,对风暴模型下的裂纹扩展行为进行了分析与研究。
Newman[2]通过大量的裂纹闭合研究,发现通过利用裂纹尖端的塑性变形区及裂纹面的残余塑性区记录载荷历程,能模拟波浪载荷下由于过载所引起的迟滞现象,Newman模型如式(1)~(4)所示。
式中,KopKmaxKmin为张开应力强度因子、循环载荷下最大和最小应力强度因子;∆Keff为有效应力强度因子范围;∆Keff,th为有效应力强度因子门槛值范围;KIC为平面应变下断裂韧性;Cm分别为材料常数、裂纹扩展定律指数;R为应力比;σmax为每一循环中的最大应力(MPa);σf为流变应力,σf=(σy +σu)/2, σyσu分别为拉伸屈服强度和抗压强度,以下同;α为考虑三维约束效应的平面应力/应变约束系数,如式(5)所示[7],其中µ为泊松比,t为板厚。
式(3)中,Newman模型利用应力比来决定裂纹张开函数f,从而影响裂纹驱动力∆Keff,实现变幅载荷下载荷次序变化的模拟,然而,对载荷间的相互影响,如过载时塑性区的增大对过载后的塑性区影响并未深入探究。
Huang模型从塑性区模型角度考虑载荷相互作用效应[5],描述了过载迟滞以及过载-欠载导致的加速现象。该模型采用R=0时的等效应力强度因子范围∆Keq0作为裂纹驱动力,同时加入了应力比修正因子MR和超载修正因子MP,如式(6)所示,过载后对塑性区的影响见图2
式中,n为试验中拟合所得迟滞指数;airi分别为当前裂纹长度和裂纹尖端当前塑性区大小;aOLrOL分别为过载时裂纹长度和过载时塑性区大小;r为过载后欠载塑性流动所消耗的塑性区尺寸大小。
有学者[8]从屈服区模型角度出发,为考虑载荷相互作用效应的影响,在改进后的McEvily模型[4]中引入超载系数φ,如式(7)所示,从而将该模型适用范围扩展至变幅载荷。
本文在Newman模型引入超载系数φ,提出了适用于风暴模型下模拟过载迟滞及过载-欠载加速现象的NPhi模型,并研究了载荷相互作用效应对风暴模型下疲劳裂纹扩展预测的影响。
在所有载荷相互作用效应中,最主要的是过载迟滞效应,过载迟滞效应中包含有瞬时加速、延迟迟滞以及过载迟滞阶段,由于瞬时加速和延迟迟滞阶段相比过载迟滞阶段较短[9],本文忽略其影响。为反映载荷相互作用效应中的过载迟滞效应并描述过载-欠载导致的加速现象,本文在Newman模型的基础上引入了一个超载系数ϕ来调节裂纹张开力大小,从而实现裂纹扩展的迟滞与加速,如式(8)~(10)所示。在考虑过载迟滞阶段时,从塑性区模型角度出发,认为当裂尖长度大于过载后的塑性区尺寸时过载迟滞效应消失。在考虑过载-欠载导致的加速现象时,认为过载后的欠载能抵消过载带来的迟滞,在超载系数中的表现为缩减过载后塑性区的尺寸,见图3所示。其中,超载系数ϕ中的迟滞指数n来源于试验数据拟合,始终为正值。当裂纹尖端处于剩余塑性区内时,ϕ值大于1,此时增加裂纹张开力水平来模拟迟滞现象;当裂纹尖端超过剩余塑性区边缘时,ϕ值恒等于1,此时模型退化为Newman模型。
其中,对式(8)进行双对数变换处理得到Cm值。对于式(10)中rirOLr,由下式[5]所得
式中,∆Ku为过载后欠载引起的应力强度因子范围,β为塑性区尺寸因子。
高周疲劳由于循环次数较多,手动更新裂纹计算既耗时又耗力。为方便模型正确性验证及超载系数的研究,现编写适用于所有几何模型的裂纹扩展模型程序。其主要核心框架为采用经验公式或有限元二次开发来计算K值,然后代入裂纹扩展模型中计算得到裂纹增量,最后更新裂纹长度进行下一周期裂纹扩展计算。NPhi模型程序整体框架如图4所示。
为验证NPhi模型的正确性,本文采用AH36材料的标准紧凑拉伸试件(CT)设计了多级块状过载和风暴模型试验。试件尺寸如图5所示,材料参数及疲劳裂纹扩展特性见表1,试验在MTS疲劳实验机上进行,通过CCD显微镜+S-eye测量软件实时监测裂纹长度,如图6所示。试验工况见表2,设计了两种载荷顺序不同的多级块载工况,以验证模型能否很好地反映过载迟滞效应;同时还设计了一种符合Rayleigh分布的工况,以验证模型是否适用于风暴模型。试验工况载荷历程见图7
为验证NPhi模型的正确性,分别对三个工况的裂纹疲劳寿命进行预测,如图8~9所示,预测结果趋势与试验一致。对于工况1、2,在一定迟滞指数n下,能获得较为满意的迟滞结果,从a-da/dN图可见,NPhi在未过载时模拟速率较试验偏慢,这可能是由于试件材料的差异导致的;在过载时最小迟滞速率仍有差距,但a-da/dN曲线图是符合试验现象的。由此可见,NPhi模型能够较为准确地描述变幅载荷下裂纹扩展行为,其误差主要来源于模型材料参数的获取与迟滞指数的拟合选取。对于工况3,从a-da/dN图虚线框中可以看出,在风暴海况来临时,随着载荷块幅值的不断上升,NPhi模拟的裂纹扩展速率达到最大值,随后发生多级过载,速率呈现阶梯状下降,其规律同载荷历程一致。因此,NPhi模型能够合理描述风暴模型下裂纹扩展行为。对于a-N图而言,NPhi模型模拟结果在第一次风暴模型海况中提前恢复至平静海况,这导致模拟结果提前进入第二次风暴海况。同时,由于模拟结果后半段扩展速率平均水平低于试验速率,导致在第二次风暴海况中持续时间较长,因此后续模拟与试验有所差异。
从试验与数值模拟对比结果来看,材料参数获取的准确程度会极大影响平静海况下的模拟结果,即影响常幅载荷下的裂纹扩展行为,而超载系数中的迟滞指数选取则会影响风暴海况下的模拟结果,即影响变幅载荷下的裂纹扩展行为,主要体现在对过载迟滞现象描述的准确程度上。因此有必要进一步对超载系数进行研究。
式(10)中的超载系数主要由两部分组成:分数部分与迟滞指数。其中,分数部分从形式上看是根据裂尖到过载塑性区边缘距离与当前塑性区尺寸的比值来描述迟滞状态,当比值为1时,迟滞效应结束。迟滞指数可以通过调节分数部分实际作用于裂纹驱动力的大小来控制迟滞状态时长。分数部分的形式只是作为是否结束迟滞的判据,而迟滞指数涉及到迟滞程度,不同的迟滞指数下,迟滞程度不同。针对相同材料在不同载荷次序工况下,可以拟合出不同的迟滞指数,然而,对于载荷次序变化频繁的风暴模型,这种方法是不适用的,一般来说,迟滞指数在同种材料下选取一个合适的固定值。因此,本文研究迟滞指数取值。
n=0时,φ=1,此时不考虑载荷相互效应,NPhi模型退化为Newman模型;当n > 0时,φ > 1,此时能描述过载迟滞现象,随着n值的增大,过载迟滞量NOL呈指数增长,过载迟滞现象越明显,如图10所示。在工况2中,由于较大过载比,当n值大于0.6时,过载后的裂纹扩展速率为0。因此n值不宜过大,当φ ⩾ 1/f时,裂纹完全闭合,裂纹不发生扩展。在本文中,对AH36材料采用n=0.5。
根据国际船舶与海洋工程结构大会(ISSC)疲劳与断裂技术委员会的共同研究报告[11],日本船舶研究协会的研究小组219(SR219)为课题研究提供了高强度钢AH32的小尺寸中心裂纹拉伸试样在风暴模型载荷下的疲劳裂纹扩展实验数据,其试样规格及载荷历程如图11所示。海况1和海况2在风暴下的最大应力幅分别为60 MPa和78 MPa,施加的平均应力分别为0和80 MPa,不同的平均应力水平分别代表了船舶航行的压载和满载条件,并且在实验过程中每十次风暴块交替加载。
图12展示了NPhi模型及其他裂纹扩展模型[6]对SR219小组提供风暴模型载荷工况下裂纹最终长度为50 mm的寿命预估模拟结果。可以看出,Paris模型由于没有考虑应力比的影响,其模拟结果同常幅载荷下规律一致,呈指数增长,没有体现出过载后的迟滞效应。而其他模型在考虑应力比影响后,裂纹增长速率都出现了明显的拐点。另外,由于这些模型考虑应力比的影响程度不一,从海况1中可以看出,Forman模型高估了疲劳裂纹扩展,预测结果保守。当风暴载荷块未达40次时,即到达最终裂纹长度;Walker和Newman模型能很好地模拟出平均应力影响,然而不能反映出迟滞现象,与试验中在平均应力变化后出现的迟滞有较大差异;而Huang和NPhi模型能将试验中的迟滞现象很好地模拟出来。
其中NPhi模型中的迟滞指数统一选取n=0.6,在每个风暴块下对风暴模型的模拟结果和试验保持一致。但从裂纹扩展过程来看,在模拟风暴载荷下裂纹扩展时,裂纹扩展速率和实际有较大差异,不同风暴块下的速率与试验相比时快时慢,虽然模拟结果整体上是相当准确的,但这可能导致在模拟风暴块较多的海况时预测结果出现较大差异。尽管能通过在每次载荷块加载时使用不同的迟滞指数从而确保与试验一致,然而这会大大增加试验数值拟合迟滞指数的工作。因此,本文认为在相同风暴块下模拟的裂纹扩展行为与试验结果一致且误差不大于5%时,此时的迟滞指数是可用的。在合适的迟滞指数下,海况2中后半段仍有部分模拟结果有差异,其原因是模拟中从第21次风暴块开始发生明显迟滞,持续10次风暴块,而试验结果表明迟滞发生在第18次风暴块,并持续10次风暴块。显然,试验中提前迟滞和提前加速的现象是程序模拟所不能预测的,因此导致后半段预测出现差异。
当从满载条件到压载条件时,由于平均应力的急剧减小,应力比也随之急剧变化,出现了明显的迟滞现象。这是由于满载条件时应力比变化量较小,连续过载的相互影响较小,过载迟滞现象并不明显,如图12框中所示裂纹扩展过程,呈现出波浪状;而压载条件的应力比恒为−1,当满载条件变为压载条件时,应力比变化量较大,此时的过载所形成的过载塑性区对后续的连续加载有迟滞作用,出现明显的过载迟滞现象,而后续连续加载中的载荷增加会加速裂纹扩展速率恢复,载荷降低会延长过载迟滞现象。因此,过载时应力比变化量影响载荷间的过载迟滞效应,应力比变化量较大时,连续加载会产生相互影响。
本文提出了一种更适用于描述风暴模型载荷作用下裂纹扩展行为的NPhi模型,该模型采用多级块载和风暴模型工况下的试验结果进行了验证,并对其中的迟滞指数取值进行了研究分析。最后,将NPhi模型与ISSC共同研究小组在风暴模型下提出的裂纹扩展模型进行了对比,得出以下结论:
(1)在风暴模型载荷下,通过引入超载系数构建裂纹扩展模型的方法,能够准确地模拟载荷相互作用效应导致的过载迟滞现象;
(2)裂纹扩展模型模拟ISSC共同研究下的风暴模型载荷时,Paris、Forman模型预测结果过于保守,而Walker、Newman模型在前期预测较为准确,但未模拟出迟滞现象。相比之下,Huang与NPhi模型均能体现出迟滞现象,且在一定迟滞指数条件下,NPhi模型能准确模拟风暴载荷下裂纹扩展行为;
(3)在风暴模型载荷作用下,过载时应力比变化量的大小直接影响过载迟滞效应。当应力比变化量较大时,连续加载会产生相互影响。
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.08.008
  • 接收时间:2025-02-23
  • 首发时间:2026-03-26
  • 出版时间:2025-08-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-23
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52171320)
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    武汉理工大学 船海与能源动力工程学院,武汉 430063

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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种数
Number of
species
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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