Article(id=1243880296966369809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243880295267676686, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.11.015, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1715961600000, receivedDateStr=2024-05-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774493772975, onlineDateStr=2026-03-26, pubDate=1732032000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774493772975, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-26, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774493772975, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774493772975, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243880295267676686, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2024', volume='28', issue='11', pageStart='1633', pageEnd='1802', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774493772569, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774494101943, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243881676808499395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243880295267676686, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243881676808499396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243880295267676686, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1793, endPage=1802, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243880297188667925, articleId=1243880296966369809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=Interface interference stripping and sound field reconstruction in shallow water based on equivalent source method, columnId=1241023038381158513, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Hydro/Structural Acoustics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A shallow water interface interference separation and sound field reconstruction method based on the equivalent source method was proposed. The combination of the ray acoustic virtual source method with the equivalent source method can effectively separate the impact of interface reflected sound in shallow water conditions, and accurately reconstruct the radiated sound field of structural sound sources. The virtual source method model was briefly described in this paper, the basic principle and algorithm implementation process of the interference stripping equivalent source method were given, the impact of different frequencies and holographic surface configurations on the algorithm was illustrated through simulation, and the advantages and applicability of this method compared to conventional equivalent source methods were summarized.

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本文提出一种基于等效源法的浅水域界面干扰分离与声场重构方法。该方法将射线声学虚源法与等效源法相结合,能够在浅水域条件下有效分离界面反射声的影响,对结构声源的辐射声场进行精准重构。文中简述了虚源法模型,给出了干扰剥离等效源法的基本原理和算法实现过程,通过仿真说明了不同频率和全息面构型对算法的影响,总结了该方法相比常规等效源法的优势以及适用性。

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李志超(1996-),男,硕士,工程师,通讯作者,E-mail:

张小正(1985-),男,博士,教授

庞业珍(1982-),男,博士,研究员

苗金林(1969-),男,硕士,研究员。

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Model parameters

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结构声源构型圆柱壳结构声源壳厚0.015 m
结构声源长度30 m激励形式单点激励(正横方向)
结构声源半径1.8 m浅水域深度50 m
), ArticleFig(id=1243880309951934537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243880296966369809, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

模型参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结构声源构型圆柱壳结构声源壳厚0.015 m
结构声源长度30 m激励形式单点激励(正横方向)
结构声源半径1.8 m浅水域深度50 m
), ArticleFig(id=1243880310065180751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243880296966369809, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Equivalent source parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
等效源构型内部等效源共形圆柱壳(长度22.5 m、半径1.35 m)
空气等效源垂直平面(长度22.5 m、高度100 m)
水底等效源垂直平面(长度22.5 m、高度100 m)
等效源数量内部等效源轴向24×周向8
空气等效源长度方向9×高度方向21
水底等效源长度方向9×高度方向21
), ArticleFig(id=1243880310165844051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243880296966369809, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

等效源参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
等效源构型内部等效源共形圆柱壳(长度22.5 m、半径1.35 m)
空气等效源垂直平面(长度22.5 m、高度100 m)
水底等效源垂直平面(长度22.5 m、高度100 m)
等效源数量内部等效源轴向24×周向8
空气等效源长度方向9×高度方向21
水底等效源长度方向9×高度方向21
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基于等效源法的浅水域界面干扰剥离与声场重构方法研究
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李志超 1, 2 , 张小正 3 , 庞业珍 1, 2 , 苗金林 4
船舶力学 | 流体与结构声学 2024,28(11): 1793-1802
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船舶力学 | 流体与结构声学 2024, 28(11): 1793-1802
基于等效源法的浅水域界面干扰剥离与声场重构方法研究
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李志超1, 2 , 张小正3, 庞业珍1, 2, 苗金林4
作者信息
  • 1.中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏 无锡 214082
  • 2.船舶振动噪声重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
  • 3.合肥工业大学,合肥 230009
  • 4.中国舰船研究院,北京 100101
  • 李志超(1996-),男,硕士,工程师,通讯作者,E-mail:

    张小正(1985-),男,博士,教授

    庞业珍(1982-),男,博士,研究员

    苗金林(1969-),男,硕士,研究员。

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
Interface interference stripping and sound field reconstruction in shallow water based on equivalent source method
Zhi-chao LI1, 2 , Xiao-zheng ZHANG3, Ye-zhen PANG1, 2, Jin-lin MIAO4
Affiliations
  • 1.China Ship Scientific Research Center, Wuxi 214082,China
  • 2.National Key Laboratory of Ship Vibration and Noise, Wuxi 214082, China
  • 3.Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
  • 4.China Ship Research and Development Academy, Beijing 100101, China
出版时间: 2024-11-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.11.015
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本文提出一种基于等效源法的浅水域界面干扰分离与声场重构方法。该方法将射线声学虚源法与等效源法相结合,能够在浅水域条件下有效分离界面反射声的影响,对结构声源的辐射声场进行精准重构。文中简述了虚源法模型,给出了干扰剥离等效源法的基本原理和算法实现过程,通过仿真说明了不同频率和全息面构型对算法的影响,总结了该方法相比常规等效源法的优势以及适用性。

等效源法  /  虚源法  /  干扰剥离

A shallow water interface interference separation and sound field reconstruction method based on the equivalent source method was proposed. The combination of the ray acoustic virtual source method with the equivalent source method can effectively separate the impact of interface reflected sound in shallow water conditions, and accurately reconstruct the radiated sound field of structural sound sources. The virtual source method model was briefly described in this paper, the basic principle and algorithm implementation process of the interference stripping equivalent source method were given, the impact of different frequencies and holographic surface configurations on the algorithm was illustrated through simulation, and the advantages and applicability of this method compared to conventional equivalent source methods were summarized.

equivalent source method  /  virtual source method  /  interference stripping
李志超, 张小正, 庞业珍, 苗金林. 基于等效源法的浅水域界面干扰剥离与声场重构方法研究. 船舶力学, 2024 , 28 (11) : 1793 -1802 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.11.015
Zhi-chao LI, Xiao-zheng ZHANG, Ye-zhen PANG, Jin-lin MIAO. Interface interference stripping and sound field reconstruction in shallow water based on equivalent source method[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2024 , 28 (11) : 1793 -1802 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.11.015
等效源法是近场声全息技术中的一种,具有原理简单、计算区域广、精度高、避免奇异积分的特点。但在实际应用中,全息测量面通常会受到界面反射或其它干扰源的影响,给声场重建结果造成较大偏差。对于这种非自由场中的近场声全息问题,需先采用声场分离技术去除干扰,再进行声场重建[1]
目前主流的等效源声场分离技术是基于单/双平面的测量分离方法[2]。2004年,于飞等[3]提出基于声压和质点振速测量的单面声场分离技术;2006年,Hald[4]通过两个平行平面上的声压,提出了一种基于SONAH的声场分离技术,用于腔体内存在反射情况下的声场重建;2008年,Bi等[5]提出了基于等效源法的双测量面声场分离技术;2013年,毕传兴等[6]提出双面质点振速测量的声场分离方法;2014年,Hu等[7]利用SWSM算法不仅实现了声场分离,还考虑了散射效应,最终在非自由场测量条件下重建出声源的自由场声场;2017年,李永畅等[8]提出了用镜像法识别封闭空间中声源的构想,通过选取有效镜像源求出包含边界反射影响的格林函数;2019~2021年,张小正等[9-10]提出了基于有限空间等效源的近场声全息方法,通过在边界外侧布置等效源来模拟边界反射,即把壁面看作是另一个声源,对声场进行重建时再将该部分等效源剔除。
本文针对浅水域环境下全息声压测量面受界面反射影响的问题,提出结合虚源法的界面干扰剥离等效源法,能够在浅水域条件下有效分离界面反射声的影响,对结构声源在自由场条件下的辐射声场进行准确重建。文中将给出干扰剥离等效源法的理论描述,并通过仿真说明该方法的优势和适用性。
在浅水波导条件下,声源辐射的声场由直达声和反射声两部分组成。虚源法将水面和水底比作上、下两面“镜子”,将反射声看成由空气和水底的虚源发出,接收点处声场是无数个虚源辐射出的声场叠加结果,模型示意图如图1所示。
图1为例,接收点处声场的表达式[11]
式中,p0为声源声压幅值,k为波数,Rni为虚源到接收点的距离,
zni为虚源在竖直方向上的坐标:
式中,VS为水面的反射系数,VB为水底的反射系数,二者均与掠射角有关。
根据等效源法理论,结构声源辐射的声场可看成是由结构体内一系列等效点源所产生声场的累加[12],如式(4)所示。
式中,WrE)为等效源的源强,GrrE)为格林函数。
在有限空间水域中,结构声源辐射的声场也是由直达声、水面反射声和水底反射声叠加而成,如图2所示。
将等效源法和虚源法结合,接收点处的声场可看作是结构声源内部的等效源、空气中的等效源、水底下的等效源三者辐射声场的叠加,如图3所示。
设全息面上测量M个点的声压,这M个数据满足式(4),写成矩阵的形式为
式中,pH = [prH1),⋯,prHk),⋯,prHM)]T,为M × 1阶全息面声压向量;W = [WrE1),⋯,WrEi),⋯WrEN)]T,为N × 1阶源强向量;M × N阶格林函数矩阵,在自由场条件下,各元素为
N个等效源拆解成内部等效源、空气等效源和水底等效源三部分,M × N阶格林函数矩阵也拆解成相应的三部分,则式(5)可转换为
式中:Wtop为空气等效源源强,WQ为内部等效源源强,Wbottom为水底等效源源强,即W = [WtopWQWbottom]TpH仍为M × 1阶全息面声压向量。
通过全息声压数据pH和格林函数矩阵求得等效源源强W后,仅使用WQ求解辐射声场,便可将界面反射声干扰分离,即预报的自由场声压为
界面干扰分离等效源法的算法流程如图4所示。
在COMSOL有限元软件中建立浅水域和自由场条件下的结构声源辐射声场模型,模型参数如表1所示。
全息声压数据在浅水波导条件下获得,采用三面阵的形式采集,全息面阵距离圆柱壳20 m,尺度为40 m×40 m,COMSOL模型及全息面构型如图5所示。
预设的等效源参数如表2所示。
等效源的空间位置如图6所示。
使用浅水域条件下的全息声压数据对自由场下的声场进行重构,并与COMSOL自由场的计算结果对比。在无噪声干扰的情况下,不同频率下干扰剥离等效源法和常规等效源法的声场重构结果如图7~10所示。
受界面反射的影响,常规等效源法重构的声场出现一定偏差,呈现出上、下不均匀分布,在100 Hz以下频段重构效果较差。干扰分离等效源法能对界面反射起到较好的抑制作用,20~200 Hz频段仿真的幅度重构偏差在3 dB以内。随着分析频率的升高,两种算法的性能趋于一致。
在不同信噪比下,干扰剥离等效源法在正横方向的幅度重构偏差如图11所示。
随着信噪比的降低,100 Hz以下低频声场的重构精度下降得十分明显,而100 Hz以上频段的声场在0 dB低信噪比条件下重构精度依旧较高。
全息面分别为双侧面、单侧面、单底面和单侧面单底面时,干扰分离等效源法在正横方向上对自由场声场的重构偏差如图12~15所示。
双侧面全息面构型的重构精度最高,在20~200 Hz频段的重构幅度偏差在3 dB以内、重构相位偏差在20°以内;单侧面全息面的重构效果次之,在100 Hz以下频段的重构效果不理想;而单底面和单侧面单底面全息面无法对自由场声场进行重构。
等效源法是一种拟合算法,其核心在于通过传递矩阵(格林函数)建立全息面与等效源之间的联系。对于界面干扰分离等效源法而言,需要通过全息面对浅水域反射声场进行充分采集,进而通过水面、水底的等效源进行拟合与分离,因此在垂直方向上对全息面尺度有一定要求,需要更多的垂向全息声场信息。而底面全息面无法充分地获取浅水域条件下反射声的空间声场信息,即无法充分建立三部分等效源与全息面间的联系,因此底面全息面的重构效果较差。
干扰剥离等效源法能够有效抑制浅水条件下反射声的影响,对结构声源在自由场条件下的声场进行精准重构,在低频段相比常规等效源法性能提升显著。该算法要求对空间声场信息(界面干扰)进行充分采集,全息面需在垂直方向上具有充分的空间尺度才能更好地发挥算法效果。
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2024年第28卷第11期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.11.015
  • 接收时间:2024-05-18
  • 首发时间:2026-03-26
  • 出版时间:2024-11-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-05-18
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    1.中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏 无锡 214082
    2.船舶振动噪声重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
    3.合肥工业大学,合肥 230009
    4.中国舰船研究院,北京 100101

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