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In order to predict the critical buckling load of a filament winding thick composite cylindrical shell under hydrostatic pressure, the buckling governing equation of the thick cylindrical shell under hydrostatic pressure was obtained based on the nonlinear Sander theory, as well as the deformation geometry equation of the cylindrical shell and the constitutive relation of the filament-wound layer. An analytical method for predicting the critical buckling pressure of thick composite cylindrical shells under hydrostatic pressure was proposed by solving the governing equation. Then, critical buckling load of the thick shell with different filament-wound types and angles were calculated with FEM and compared with analytical results for verifying the accuracy and high efficiency of the analytical method. The influence of key parameters such as geometrical and material design on the critical buckling load of thick cylindrical shells was investigated based on the analytical method.

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针对静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的临界屈曲载荷理论预报,本文基于Sander非线性壳体理论,结合圆柱壳变形几何方程以及纤维缠绕层的本构关系,推导出静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的屈曲控制方程;通过求解控制方程提出一种适用于静水外压下复合材料圆柱厚壳临界屈曲压力预报的解析方法;基于有限元模型对不同缠绕形式和缠绕角下的壳体临界屈曲压力进行对比计算,验证解析方法的准确性;基于解析方法,研究复合材料圆柱厚壳关键几何参数及材料设计对临界屈曲压力的影响。

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李永胜(1982-),男,博士研究生,高级工程师

王纬波(1970-),男,博士,研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

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articleId=1243879845214667299, language=CN, label=图10, caption=环向加单螺旋交替缠绕方式下复合材料圆柱厚壳的L/DD/t对临界屈曲压力的影响, figureFileSmall=v582lskatcFLS2c8va40sg==, figureFileBig=bviQPxzQvj1j561EiRkBYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243879863233396831, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243879845214667299, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Elastic constants of unidirectional CFRP

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杨氏模量/GPa泊松比剪切模量/GPa
纵向E11横向E22ν12G12G13G23
10270.16884.5
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单向CFRP的弹性常数[22]

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杨氏模量/GPa泊松比剪切模量/GPa
纵向E11横向E22ν12G12G13G23
10270.16884.5
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Comparison of analytical results and FEM results

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计算方案缠绕方式缠绕角/(°)解析结果pana/MPa有限元结果pfem/MPa
方案1[±30]3087.4882.326.3%
方案2[±45] 3097.22113.79-14.5%
方案3[±50] 30102.6115.55-11.2%
方案4[±55] 30108.78117.78-7.6%
方案5单螺旋缠绕[±60] 30115.47120.4-4.1%
方案6[±65] 30121.86123.23-1.1%
方案7[±70] 30127.82126.061.4%
方案8[±80] 30136.33131.034.0%
方案9[±90] 30139.37133.454.4%
方案10[90/0]30102.84110.46-6.9%
方案11[90/0]15s117.12120.99-3.2%
方案12[902/0]20116121.71-4.7%
方案13[902/0] 10s135.14132.571.9%
方案14[903/0]20121.4126.293.9%
方案15环向和纵向[903/0]10s138.45136.011.8%
方案16交替缠绕[904/0]12121.78129.97-4.1%
方案17[904/0]6s139.74136.312.5%
方案18[905/0]10128.49131.72-2.4%
方案19[905/0]5s140.37136.822.6%
方案20[902/±20/902/±70]8124.0130.3-4.8%
方案21[902/±20/902/±70]4s122.58129.7-5.5%
方案22[902/±30/902/±60]8122.42131.21-6.7%
方案23环向和单螺[902/±30/902/±60)] 4s122.4133.08-8.0%
方案24旋交替缠绕[904/±20/904/±70]6132.31133.29-0.7%
方案25[904/±20/904/±70]3s130.91134.03-2.3%
方案26[904/±30/904/±60] 6129.97133.43-2.6%
方案27[904/±30/904/±60)] 3s132.26135.84-2.6%
), ArticleFig(id=1243879863547969641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243879845214667299, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

解析结果与有限元结果对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
计算方案缠绕方式缠绕角/(°)解析结果pana/MPa有限元结果pfem/MPa
方案1[±30]3087.4882.326.3%
方案2[±45] 3097.22113.79-14.5%
方案3[±50] 30102.6115.55-11.2%
方案4[±55] 30108.78117.78-7.6%
方案5单螺旋缠绕[±60] 30115.47120.4-4.1%
方案6[±65] 30121.86123.23-1.1%
方案7[±70] 30127.82126.061.4%
方案8[±80] 30136.33131.034.0%
方案9[±90] 30139.37133.454.4%
方案10[90/0]30102.84110.46-6.9%
方案11[90/0]15s117.12120.99-3.2%
方案12[902/0]20116121.71-4.7%
方案13[902/0] 10s135.14132.571.9%
方案14[903/0]20121.4126.293.9%
方案15环向和纵向[903/0]10s138.45136.011.8%
方案16交替缠绕[904/0]12121.78129.97-4.1%
方案17[904/0]6s139.74136.312.5%
方案18[905/0]10128.49131.72-2.4%
方案19[905/0]5s140.37136.822.6%
方案20[902/±20/902/±70]8124.0130.3-4.8%
方案21[902/±20/902/±70]4s122.58129.7-5.5%
方案22[902/±30/902/±60]8122.42131.21-6.7%
方案23环向和单螺[902/±30/902/±60)] 4s122.4133.08-8.0%
方案24旋交替缠绕[904/±20/904/±70]6132.31133.29-0.7%
方案25[904/±20/904/±70]3s130.91134.03-2.3%
方案26[904/±30/904/±60] 6129.97133.43-2.6%
方案27[904/±30/904/±60)] 3s132.26135.84-2.6%
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静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的稳定性研究
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李永胜 1, 2 , 王纬波 1, 2 , 姜旭 3 , 于昌利 3 , 李泓运 1, 2
船舶力学 | 结构力学 2024,28(9): 1394-1404
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船舶力学 | 结构力学 2024, 28(9): 1394-1404
静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的稳定性研究
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李永胜1, 2, 王纬波1, 2 , 姜旭3, 于昌利3, 李泓运1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏 无锡 214082
  • 2.深海技术科学太湖实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
  • 3.哈尔滨工业大学(威海),山东 威海 264209
  • 李永胜(1982-),男,博士研究生,高级工程师

    王纬波(1970-),男,博士,研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
Stability of thick filament winding composite cylindrical shells under hydrostatic pressure
Yong-sheng LI1, 2, Wei-bo WANG1, 2 , Xu JIANG3, Chang-li YU3, Hong-yun LI1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.China Ship Scientific Research Center, Wuxi 214082, China
  • 2.Taihu Laboratory of Deepsea Technological Science, Wuxi 214082, China
  • 3.Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai 264209, China
出版时间: 2024-09-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.09.010
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针对静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的临界屈曲载荷理论预报,本文基于Sander非线性壳体理论,结合圆柱壳变形几何方程以及纤维缠绕层的本构关系,推导出静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的屈曲控制方程;通过求解控制方程提出一种适用于静水外压下复合材料圆柱厚壳临界屈曲压力预报的解析方法;基于有限元模型对不同缠绕形式和缠绕角下的壳体临界屈曲压力进行对比计算,验证解析方法的准确性;基于解析方法,研究复合材料圆柱厚壳关键几何参数及材料设计对临界屈曲压力的影响。

纤维缠绕  /  圆柱耐压厚壳  /  临界屈曲载荷  /  解析方法

In order to predict the critical buckling load of a filament winding thick composite cylindrical shell under hydrostatic pressure, the buckling governing equation of the thick cylindrical shell under hydrostatic pressure was obtained based on the nonlinear Sander theory, as well as the deformation geometry equation of the cylindrical shell and the constitutive relation of the filament-wound layer. An analytical method for predicting the critical buckling pressure of thick composite cylindrical shells under hydrostatic pressure was proposed by solving the governing equation. Then, critical buckling load of the thick shell with different filament-wound types and angles were calculated with FEM and compared with analytical results for verifying the accuracy and high efficiency of the analytical method. The influence of key parameters such as geometrical and material design on the critical buckling load of thick cylindrical shells was investigated based on the analytical method.

filament winding  /  thick cylindrical pressure shell  /  critical buckling load  /  analytical method
李永胜, 王纬波, 姜旭, 于昌利, 李泓运. 静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的稳定性研究. 船舶力学, 2024 , 28 (9) : 1394 -1404 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.09.010
Yong-sheng LI, Wei-bo WANG, Xu JIANG, Chang-li YU, Hong-yun LI. Stability of thick filament winding composite cylindrical shells under hydrostatic pressure[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2024 , 28 (9) : 1394 -1404 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.09.010
随着人类向深海探测步伐的加快,大潜深、远航程、高性能、轻量化已成为潜器的重要发展方向。耐压壳作为潜器的核心部件,其设计应使其具备较低的重量排水比、高强度和稳定性,这就对先进的深海耐压材料提出了需求。纤维增强树脂基复合材料由于其低密度、高比强度、高比刚度、耐腐蚀、抗疲劳和可设计性强等优异性能,在无人潜水器、深海滑翔机、载人潜水器等装备的耐压壳上均得到了广泛应用[1-4],采用复合材料制造潜水器的耐压壳已成为衡量潜器先进性的一项重要考量。在耐压壳设计中,不但要保证壳体中的应力小于规定的许用应力,还要保证壳体具有足够的稳定性。当耐压壳的外部静水压力产生的压应力达到较高水平时,屈曲已成为主要的破坏机理,静水压力引起的屈曲成为主导结构性能的重要因素。
圆柱壳作为潜器应用最多的结构型式,在采用复合材料设计后通常为中厚壳或者厚壳。对外压下圆柱壳体屈曲行为的研究是一个经典的结构力学问题,由于工程应用的重要性,在上个世纪就引起了研究者和设计工程师的关注。针对深海外压下复合材料圆柱厚壳的屈曲,国内外在试验方面[5-7]做过较多的研究,但在理论方面研究[8-9]相对较少。复合材料圆柱壳在静水压力作用下(即受侧向压力和轴向压力共同作用下)的临界屈曲压力理论求解问题,在Messager[10]、Carvelli等[11]、Hernandez-Moreno等[12]、Jung等[13]的论文中都有相关的解析计算结果,但理论分析仅限于薄壁复合材料壳体,且精度不高,亦不能解决中厚壳体的屈曲问题。近年来,Lopatin等[14]针对静水外压作用下,具有刚性端盖的薄壁复合材料圆柱壳在静水压力下的屈曲问题进行了解析求解,将端盖对复合材料圆柱壳的边界影响近似为固支边界条件。陈鲲鹏等[15]基于经典层合板理论,分别采用Donnel扁壳理论和Flugge壳体理论,提出新的位移函数,推导出复合材料圆筒薄壳外压临界屈曲压力的一般表达式,并对其进行修正和验证。Shen等[16]针对一端固定,另一端连接刚性圆盘的复合材料圆柱壳,采用悬臂梁横向弯曲振动的一阶模态振型近似描述壳体的轴向位移,一阶导数用来近似描述壳体环向位移,采用Galerkin方法求解复合材料圆柱壳体受静水压力作用下的临界屈曲压力和失稳模态。罗珊等[17]给出了静水压下复合材料圆柱壳临界屈曲压力的近似计算公式,适用于54°~58°区间的单螺旋缠绕复合材料圆柱壳的临界屈曲压力估算。Zuo等[18]推导了复合材料-钢混合圆柱薄壳在静水压下的屈曲解析解,采用NASA SP-8007和ASME 2007标准的静水外压下复合材料圆柱壳的屈曲解析公式,基于修正的刚度矩阵结果进行了对比验证。Zhang等[19]建立了理想完善和含缺陷复合材料圆柱薄壳在静水压力下的理论模型,研究了初始缺陷参数以及铺层角度对复合材料壳临界屈曲压力的影响。
本文针对深海复合材料圆柱厚壳的临界屈曲载荷计算问题,基于Sander非线性理论模型,推导出纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱厚壳的稳定性控制方程,通过求解其特征值得到圆柱壳在静水外压作用下的临界屈曲压力。然后,建立静水压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳线性屈曲计算数值模型,对多种缠绕角下复合材料圆柱厚壳的屈曲临界压力进行计算,并与解析结果对比,验证解析计算方法的准确性及高效性。并基于解析方法,研究分析了复合材料圆柱厚壳临界屈曲压力与不同缠绕结构、长径比以及径厚比的关系。
图1所示,考虑长为L,中面半径为R,厚度为t的复合材料圆柱型耐压壳,受静水外压为p。圆柱壳纤维主方向与壳体轴向成θ角。选取壳体几何中面为参考面,以正交坐标αβγ建立其曲面坐标系,其中αβ为壳体中面上的主曲率线,而γ则为垂直于中面且指向凸向的直法线。
由曲面微分几何关系,得到壳体几何方程为
式中,εαεβγαβ为壳体中面应变,uvw分别为静压载荷下圆柱壳体在αβγ方向上的中面变形,kαkβkαβ为壳体中面曲率和扭率。
深海高外压下,复合材料圆柱耐压壳一般为中厚壳甚至是厚壳,复合材料层数较多,壳内存在的耦合刚度可近似忽略,则复合材料圆柱壳的内力和弯矩可表达为
式中,NαNβNαβ分别为圆柱壳轴向、环向以及剪切内力;MαMβMαβ分别为圆柱壳的弯矩以及扭矩;A11A12A22A66以及D11D12D22D66分别为圆柱壳的拉伸刚度和弯曲刚度分量,可由下式计算出:
式中,zk表示复合材料第k层到壳体中面的距离,是第k层中心的坐标值;tk = zk - zk - 1为第k层的厚度;表示第k层的偏轴刚度。对于任意第k纤维层,其偏轴刚度可由该纤维层的角度θ以及纤维单层板的折减刚度(Qijk计算:
式中,m = cosθn = sinθ
单层复合材料的正轴刚度Qij通过下式计算:Q66 = G12。其中,E1E2分别为单向复合材料纵向弹性模量和横向弹性模量,ν12ν21分别为单向复合材料横向泊松比和纵向泊松比,G12为面内剪切弹性模量。
基于Sander非线性壳体理论[20],静水外压下复合材料圆柱壳的平衡方程为
式中,NαNβNαβ为壳体单位长度上的内力,MαMβMαβ为壳体单位长度上的内力矩,分别为壳体中面单位长度上的内力,p为静水外压。
当圆柱壳承受静水外压p时,在壳体中面产生的前屈曲膜力为
将式(1)代入本构方程(2),结合式(5),可得静水外压下复合材料圆柱壳的屈曲控制方程为
求解屈曲控制方程(7)~(9)需要结合合适的壳体边界条件。纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱壳两端一般通过连接裙与金属封头连接,连接裙一般为金属预埋,因此可将圆柱壳体的两端简化为简支边界条件。经典的简支边界条件一般是把三角函数作为求解屈曲控制方程的形函数,但Belvins[21]、Loptatin等[14]在他们的研究中,用简支梁的振动模态函数作为求解圆柱壳体屈曲控制方程的形函数。文献[22]对采用这两类形函数求解壳体屈曲控制方程的不同进行了对比,发现采用梁振动模态形函数的临界屈曲载荷普遍偏大,这主要是因为该类形函数假设壳体两端不发生转角变形,这与实际情况不符。因此,本文采用三角函数作为形函数对屈曲控制方程进行求解。
方程(7)~(9)的解可表示为
式中,λm = mπ/Lλn = n/Rmn分别为圆柱壳失稳时沿壳长度方向所形成的半波数以及沿圆周方向的波数,UVW是常数。
将式(10)的解代入方程(7)~(9),则得到
式中,a12 = a21 = (A12 + A66λmλn
为保证方程组有非零解,其系数行列式须为零,即
解式(12)得:
复合材料圆柱壳受静水压p时有m = 1,解行列式取使p最小的n值(n = 2,3,...,k),此时对应的p值即为临界屈曲压力pcr
复合材料圆柱厚壳计算模型如图2所示,由复合材料圆柱壳体以及两端近似刚性的平封头组成。圆柱壳长度为L,中面半径为R,厚度为t。在计算中取:L=300 mm,R=68.5 mm,t=12 mm,则t/R=0.175,属于厚壳。复合材料采用T700碳纤维增强环氧树脂(CFRP),单向CFRP的弹性常数如表1所示。平封头材料为钢,厚度为40 mm,弹性模量为207 GPa,泊松比为0.3。
在ABAQUS有限元分析平台上建立静水外压下CFRP圆柱壳的屈曲分析有限元模型,在圆柱壳周向和两端平封头上施加均布静水压强p,如图2所示。特征值屈曲计算时模型不允许有刚体位移,否则容易产生计算的不收敛。为了消除模型的刚体位移,在平封头的中心点A和点B约束除轴向以外的两个平动自由度,在筒体中部外表面取点C约束除径向外的两个平动自由度。取p为1 MPa进行计算。计算后提取约束点的支反力计算结果均接近于0,表明所施加的约束为虚约束,仅限制了壳体的刚体位移。
为验证解析方法对于复合材料厚壳屈曲临界载荷分析的有效性和正确性,保持壳体几何参数不变,选取工程中常用的几种缠绕结构形式,采用公式(13)~(14)计算复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力,并与数值计算结果进行对比验证。
考虑厚壳特性,分别建立实体单元和壳单元有限元模型进行对比研究,研究不同单元类型的选取及网格密度等因素对数值计算结果的影响。以±55°单螺旋缠绕的复合材料圆柱壳为例,采用单因素控制变量法,建立不同单元密度下的数值方案进行分析计算。
在复合材料层合壳模型中,为了考虑剪切变形的影响,ABAQUS中提供的通用壳单元(S4、S4R、S8R)均适用于厚壳,但S8R精度更高,并且采用S8R单元可以采用相对较少的单元数即可取得收敛结果,因此本文选取S8R作为壳单元计算。对于实体单元,其面内以及厚度方向的单元数均对计算结果有影响,尤其是厚度方向需要保证一定的单元数,本研究中单元类型选取C3D8,通过收敛性分析确定在厚度方向划分4个单元较为合适。深海静压下碳纤维复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的一阶特征屈曲模态及屈曲压力有限元计算结果如图3所示。
图3显示CFRP圆柱厚壳模型发生整体屈曲时,屈曲形态以复合材料圆柱壳段的屈曲为主,在轴向形成1个半波,环向形成2个整波模型。采用实体单元模型和壳单元模型计算得出的厚壳临界屈曲压力分别约为117.18 MPa和117.78 MPa,两者相差较小,并且屈曲模态基本一致,说明采用壳单元模型计算复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力合理可行,这主要是因为复合材料圆柱壳其实主要依靠面内刚度抵抗静水外压。
根据深海压力下复合材料圆柱耐压壳的强度和稳定性要求,以及常用缠绕工艺,选取单螺旋缠绕[±θ]n、环向和纵向交替缠绕[90°a/0°b]n以及环向和单螺旋交替缠绕[90°a/(±θ1b/90°c/(±θ2d]n几种代表性的缠绕结构进行解析解和有限元计算对比研究,对比计算结果如表2图4所示。
表2的对比计算结果表明,对于静水外压下不同缠绕角度的复合材料圆柱厚壳临界屈曲压力,本文解析计算结果与有限元结果较为一致。对于单螺旋缠绕,除±45°、±50°两种缠绕方案的解析与数值计算结果相差较大外,其他最大不超过8%。
对于环向缠绕与纵向缠绕或与单螺旋缠绕的组合,从表2图4的对比结果可以看出,无论缠绕层对称与否,解析计算结果与有限元结果均吻合良好,最大也不超过8%,这就验证了理论解析公式的有效性和准确性。
为便于比较不同缠绕方式和缠绕角的影响,采用本文的模型参数和解析公式,对表2所示的三种不同缠绕方式以及不同缠绕角度下复合材料圆柱厚壳的临界屈曲压力进行计算,并将对比计算结果绘成图5~7
图5可以看出,对于单螺旋缠绕的复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳,在静水外压下其临界屈曲压力随缠绕角的增大而增大,本文解析结果与有限元结果均呈现出相同的趋势。
对于环向90°层和纵向0°层以不同比例交替缠绕的情况,从图6可以看出,复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力随环向90°层比例的增加而缓慢增大,并且缠绕层对称情况下的临界屈曲压力比不对称情况下平均高出约7%。
对于环向和单螺旋交替缠绕的情况,从图7可以看出,缠绕层是否对称对复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力影响不大。同时随着90°层比例的增加,临界屈曲压力略有增加,其中[90°4/±20°/90°4/±70°]6、[90°4/±30°/90°4/±60°]6分别相对[90°2/±20°/90°2/±70°]8、[90°2/±30°/90°2/±60°]8,90°层比例相对增加了50%,临界屈曲压力分别仅增加6.7%和6.2%。
选取三种典型缠绕方式,基于本文的解析公式,研究不同长径比(L/D)和径厚比(D/t)对复合材料圆柱壳临界屈曲压力的影响,为设计提供参考。对于单螺旋缠绕,选取±53°、±55°、±58°三种缠绕角度对比计算;对于环向和纵向交替缠绕,选取[90°2/0°]、[90°3/0°]、[90°4/0°]三组缠绕角度对比计算;对于环向和单螺旋交替缠绕,选取[90°2/±20°/90°2/±70°]8、[90°2/±30°/90°2/±60°]8、[90°4/±20°/90°4/±70°]6、[90°4/±30°/90°4/±60°]6四组缠绕角度对比计算。
为研究方便,在研究长径比影响时,复合材料圆柱壳的内半径和厚度分别固定为62.5 mm和12 mm,仅改变圆柱壳长度以实现长径比的变化;而在研究径厚比影响时,则固定复合材料圆柱壳厚度为12 mm不变,通过改变圆柱壳的直径改变其径厚比,并同步改变长度使得长径比保持不变。在不同缠绕方式和典型缠绕角下,复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力随长径比(L/D)和径厚比(D/t)的变化曲线分别如图8~10所示。
图8(a)可以看出,单螺旋缠绕方式下复合材料圆柱厚壳的临界屈曲压力随壳体长径比L/D的增加而减小。当L/D≥3时,壳体临界屈曲压力随L/D的增加其减小趋势变缓。例如在±53°单螺旋缠绕情况下,当L/D=3、4、5、6时,临界屈曲压力相对L/D=2、3、4、5分别减小8.8%、8.3%、3.7%、1.9%,说明对于复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳,当长度与直径的比值增加到3以后,长度对壳体临界屈曲压力的影响逐渐减弱。而径厚比D/t对复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力影响较大,随着径厚比的增加,壳体临界屈曲压力逐渐减小,并且变化趋势几乎不受缠绕角度的影响,如图8(b)所示。
图9显示了环向加纵向缠绕方式下,复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的长径比和径厚比对耐压壳临界屈曲压力的影响规律。与单螺旋缠绕类似,复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力均随壳体长径比L/D和径厚比D/t的增加而减小。当L/D≥3时,壳体临界屈曲压力随L/D的增加其减小趋势变缓,变化相对不超过5%。此外,90°层与0°层的比例均在4:1时壳体临界屈曲压力最大。从图9可以看出,在径厚比D/t较小,即壳体直径一定、厚度较大情况下,90°层与0°层的比例也均在4:1时壳体临界屈曲压力最大。说明环向加纵向缠绕方式下,提高90°层比例对增加壳体临界屈曲压力较为有利。
图10显示了环向加单螺旋交替缠绕方式下,复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的长径比和径厚比对耐压壳临界屈曲压力的影响规律。与前述两种缠绕方式相似,复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力均随壳体长径比L/D和径厚比D/t的增加而减小,当L/D≥3时,壳体临界屈曲压力随L/D的增加其减小趋势变缓,并逐渐趋于一定值。说明复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的长径比和径厚比关键参数,对耐压壳临界屈曲压力的影响趋势并不受缠绕方式的影响。并且,当L/D较大或者D/t较小时,提高环向90°缠绕角比例对增加壳体临界屈曲压力较为有利。
实际上,在进行深海复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的结构安全性研究时,除了考虑结构的临界屈曲压力外,还需要考虑耐压壳可能产生的结构强度失效载荷,各种几何、材料及制造缺陷引起的复合材料圆柱耐压壳非线性屈曲压力,以及大厚度壳的脱层耦合屈曲失效临界载荷等,最终形成对静水外压下复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的极限承载能力的预测和评估方法。
本文针对静水外压下纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力预报问题,建立了一套解析求解方法并给予了验证。基于解析方法研究了壳体关键参数对临界屈曲压力的影响规律,主要研究成果及结论如下:
(1)基于Sander理论模型推导出纤维缠绕复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的屈曲控制方程,通过解析求解,给出了复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力预报的解析公式。
(2)三种典型缠绕方式下,不同缠绕角的算例对比结果表明:本文解析计算结果与有限元仿真计算结果较为一致,验证了解析公式的准确性。
(3)缠绕方式和缠绕角度对复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力均有影响,在壳体几何参数一定时,耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力随单螺旋缠绕角的增大不断增大,但是对于环向加纵向缠绕或环向加单螺旋交替缠绕方式,缠绕角的改变对耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力影响相对较小。
(4)复合材料圆柱耐压厚壳的临界屈曲压力随壳体长径比L/D和径厚比D/t的增加而减小,变化趋势并不受缠绕方式和缠绕角度的影响。当L/D≥3时,壳体临界屈曲压力随L/D的增加其减小趋势变缓,并逐渐趋于一定值。当L/D较大时,提高环向缠绕角比例对壳体临界屈曲压力的增加较为有利。
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2024年第28卷第9期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2024.09.010
  • 接收时间:2024-03-09
  • 首发时间:2026-03-26
  • 出版时间:2024-09-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-09
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国家重点研发计划资助项目(2016YFC0304300)
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    1.中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏 无锡 214082
    2.深海技术科学太湖实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
    3.哈尔滨工业大学(威海),山东 威海 264209

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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