Article(id=1243253930059219614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243253924128469739, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.07.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1737648000000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774344435467, onlineDateStr=2026-03-24, pubDate=1752940800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774344435467, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-24, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774344435467, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774344435467, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1243253924128469739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2025', volume='29', issue='7', pageStart='1013', pageEnd='1180', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774344434053, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774501521460, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1243912796535107926, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243253924128469739, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1243912796535107927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1243253924128469739, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1061, endPage=1069, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1243253930432512687, articleId=1243253930059219614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=Self-propulsion simulation and thrust deduction analysis of waterjet propelled high-speed amphibious platform, columnId=1241023037940748650, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Hydrodynamics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to study the thrust deduction of waterjet propelled high-speed amphibious platform, the self-propulsion flow field of the platform was solved, based on RANS equations and VOF model. The trim and heave motion of the platform were calculated by adopting overlapping grid method, and the effect of waterjet pump was simplified using body force method to realize the numerical simulation of self-propulsion of waterjet propelled high-speed amphibious platform. The inlet surface of the propeller was obtained by streamline tracing method, and the total thrust of the propeller was calculated by momentum flux method. The results show that the thrust deduction fraction of amphibious platform exhibits different characteristics at different speeds. At low speed, the thrust deduction fraction is positive. Negative thrust deduction occurs at medium and high speeds. In the whole speed range, the resistance increment is always positive and the jet thrust deduction fraction is always negative. The reason for the negative thrust deduction at medium and high speeds is that the resistance increment decreases gradually with the increase of speed and approaches zero.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Zun-feng DU, Tao FAN, Xin DUAN, Ang LI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1243253936568779736, articleId=1243253930059219614, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=CN, title=喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台自航数值模拟及推力减额分析, columnId=1241023038087549292, journalTitle=船舶力学, columnName=流体力学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为研究喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台的推力减额特性,本文基于RANS方程及VOF模型,求解平台自航流场。通过重叠网格方法计算平台的纵倾及升沉运动,同时利用体积力法简化模拟喷泵作用,从而实现喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台自航的数值模拟。采用流线追踪法得到推进器进流面,以动量通量法计算推进器总推力。模拟结果表明,喷水推进水陆两栖平台的推力减额特性在不同航速下表现出不同的特点。具体来说,低航速时,推力减额为正;中高航速时出现负推力减额。在整个航速范围内,阻力增额恒为正,动量减额恒为负,阻力增额随航速增加逐渐减小并接近于零是中高航速出现负推力减额的原因。

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通讯作者,E-mail:
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杜尊峰(1984-),男,博士,副教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

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杜尊峰(1984-),男,博士,副教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

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杜尊峰(1984-),男,博士,副教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

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articleId=1243253930059219614, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=高速水陆两栖平台), Keyword(id=1243253938934366286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=推力减额), Keyword(id=1243253939009863765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=体积力法)], refs=[Reference(id=1243253943015424299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=丁江明, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=丁江明. 船舶喷水推进技术国内外研究与应用现状[C]//船舶水动力学学术会议论文集,西安,2013., articleTitle=船舶喷水推进技术国内外研究与应用现状, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1243253943090921775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, doi=null, 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figureFileBig=rxiMVvwX3WWgXNuoE1dUig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243253942411444487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, language=CN, label=图15, caption=阻力增额及其分量随航速的变化, figureFileSmall=QYdMOJ+wzjvOc9SjPyTnhQ==, figureFileBig=rxiMVvwX3WWgXNuoE1dUig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1243253942503719180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Calculation results for different grids

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序号网格量(×106hi/h1阻升比流量比
10.652.12.340.93
21.001.82.290.97
31.631.52.250.99
43.471.22.270.99
55.7412.251.00
), ArticleFig(id=1243253942612771093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同网格的计算结果

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序号网格量(×106hi/h1阻升比流量比
10.652.12.340.93
21.001.82.290.97
31.631.52.250.99
43.471.22.270.99
55.7412.251.00
), ArticleFig(id=1243253942696657180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of results between MRF model and body force method

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
MRF方法体积力方法误差
净推力Tnet/N80318222+2.4%
喷口流量Q/(m-3·s-1)0.920.91-1.1%
), ArticleFig(id=1243253942797320480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1243253930059219614, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

MRF模型与体积力法的结果比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
MRF方法体积力方法误差
净推力Tnet/N80318222+2.4%
喷口流量Q/(m-3·s-1)0.920.91-1.1%
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喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台自航数值模拟及推力减额分析
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杜尊峰 , 樊涛 , 段鑫 , 李昂
船舶力学 | 流体力学 2025,29(7): 1061-1069
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船舶力学 | 流体力学 2025, 29(7): 1061-1069
喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台自航数值模拟及推力减额分析
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杜尊峰 , 樊涛, 段鑫, 李昂
作者信息
  • 天津大学 建筑工程学院;水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300354
  • 杜尊峰(1984-),男,博士,副教授,通讯作者,E-mail:

通讯作者:

通讯作者,E-mail:
Self-propulsion simulation and thrust deduction analysis of waterjet propelled high-speed amphibious platform
Zun-feng DU , Tao FAN, Xin DUAN, Ang LI
Affiliations
  • State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Intelligent Construction and Operation, School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300354, China
出版时间: 2025-07-20 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.07.005
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为研究喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台的推力减额特性,本文基于RANS方程及VOF模型,求解平台自航流场。通过重叠网格方法计算平台的纵倾及升沉运动,同时利用体积力法简化模拟喷泵作用,从而实现喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台自航的数值模拟。采用流线追踪法得到推进器进流面,以动量通量法计算推进器总推力。模拟结果表明,喷水推进水陆两栖平台的推力减额特性在不同航速下表现出不同的特点。具体来说,低航速时,推力减额为正;中高航速时出现负推力减额。在整个航速范围内,阻力增额恒为正,动量减额恒为负,阻力增额随航速增加逐渐减小并接近于零是中高航速出现负推力减额的原因。

喷水推进  /  高速水陆两栖平台  /  推力减额  /  体积力法

In order to study the thrust deduction of waterjet propelled high-speed amphibious platform, the self-propulsion flow field of the platform was solved, based on RANS equations and VOF model. The trim and heave motion of the platform were calculated by adopting overlapping grid method, and the effect of waterjet pump was simplified using body force method to realize the numerical simulation of self-propulsion of waterjet propelled high-speed amphibious platform. The inlet surface of the propeller was obtained by streamline tracing method, and the total thrust of the propeller was calculated by momentum flux method. The results show that the thrust deduction fraction of amphibious platform exhibits different characteristics at different speeds. At low speed, the thrust deduction fraction is positive. Negative thrust deduction occurs at medium and high speeds. In the whole speed range, the resistance increment is always positive and the jet thrust deduction fraction is always negative. The reason for the negative thrust deduction at medium and high speeds is that the resistance increment decreases gradually with the increase of speed and approaches zero.

waterjet propulsion  /  high-speed amphibious platform  /  thrust deduction  /  body force method
杜尊峰, 樊涛, 段鑫, 李昂. 喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台自航数值模拟及推力减额分析. 船舶力学, 2025 , 29 (7) : 1061 -1069 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.07.005
Zun-feng DU, Tao FAN, Xin DUAN, Ang LI. Self-propulsion simulation and thrust deduction analysis of waterjet propelled high-speed amphibious platform[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2025 , 29 (7) : 1061 -1069 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.07.005
喷水推进以推进效率高、航空化能力强和浅水工作性能好等优势在水陆两栖平台上应用广泛[1]。相关研究表明喷水推进的推力减额变化范围为−6%~20%[2],喷水推进器与平台的相互作用会对平台航行性能产生一定影响。目前关于水陆两栖平台的研究多在裸平台阻力性能等方面,缺乏“喷水推进器+平台”的自航性能方面的探索,关于水陆两栖平台与推进器之间的相互作用机理需要进行更深入的分析。
Keegan等[3]针对某高速喷水推进舰船开展“船体+泵”单相数值计算,分析艇体对推进器进流的影响;Manivannan等[4]基于URANS方法实现了某双体船模型的数值自航;Takanori等[5]实现了考虑自由液面的船体/喷水推进器整体流场的求解;Arash等[6]利用CFD计算某喷水推进滑行艇的推力减额,系统研究了不同傅汝德数下的推力减额特性;易文彬等[7]结合某三体船模型自航试验和CFD结果,分析了阻力增额和动量减额的产生原因,得到推力减额在不同航速下的变化规律。
以上学者均采用体积力法模拟推进泵作用,同时也可以通过直接对叶片建模的多重参考模型(MRF)实现喷水推进自航。仝博等[8]采用MRF模型模拟叶轮旋转,实现三体滑行艇的数值自航。徐锁林等[9]利用该模型分析了船泵作用对喷水推进特性的影响。
更进一步地,已有学者利用重叠网格方法,将喷水推进自航时船舶的姿态变化纳入考虑。Jiang[10]等利用重叠方法实现某三体滑行艇的自航模拟,研究喷水推进器与船体间的相互作用。郭军[11]结合重叠网格法、VOF模型和MRF模型,进行了喷水推进器滑行艇和三体船的自航数值预报。
目前,喷水推进自航数值模拟和推力减额特性分析方法已有一定的研究成果,但研究对象多集中在滑行艇、单体船、三体船等船型。对于高速水陆两栖平台这一特殊形式船舶的自航性能研究相对匮乏。水陆两栖平台与喷水推进器的相互作用及推力减额特性的规律尚不明晰。研究水陆两栖平台与喷水推进器的相互作用,对于理解平台高航速时的水动力特性及提升水上快速性具有重要意义。
本文以某喷水推进水陆两栖平台为研究对象,基于RANS方法和VOF模型求解平台流场,通过重叠网格方法计算平台的姿态变化,在验证喷泵体积力模型的基础上,利用该方法模拟喷泵作用,实现水陆两栖平台的自航数值模拟,进而对不同航速下水陆两栖平台的推力减额特性进行分析。
对于喷水推进水陆两栖平台,其自航模型由平台和喷水推进系统组成。喷水推进系统的推力一般通过动量通量法间接测量[12],第24届ITTC喷水推进专家委员会确定了喷水推进系统的控制体水动力模型[13],如图1所示。进流面1,控制体在流体内部的边界面2,流道内壁面3,流道唇部4,喷泵5和喷口6组成了封闭的控制体模型。
式中,ρ为介质密度;uix方向速度分量;uk为表面k上流体的速度矢量;nk为表面k的法向矢量;σij为表面力,包括剪切力和压力;FPi为推进泵的体积力;Fi为作用在控制体上的外部作用力。喷水推进器的总推力为控制体动量在船长方向的变化量,考虑进流面1和喷口6的静压值均为当地大气压,则喷水推进系统的总推力被确定为
喷水推进器的净推力为作用在喷水推进器内壁面上的力,其表达式为
总推力和净推力的差别用动量减额分数表示为
把平台裸体阻力与总推力之间的差值定义为推力减额:
式中,RBH为裸平台阻力;Ra为自航强制力,本文中Ra为0。
推力减额t与动量减额分数tj、阻力增额分数tr的关系为
本文的研究对象为某高速水陆两栖平台,重3.2 t,长6 m,由单个喷水推进器提供推力,喷水推进器居中布置在水陆两栖平台尾部。按照实尺度进行裸平台与自航的数值模拟,平台几何模型如图2所示。对水陆两栖平台建立长方体计算域,如图3所示。计算域进口距平台前端1.0L,出口距平台后端3L,顶部距平台L,底部距平台2L,侧边距平台1.5L,其中L为平台总长。
基于RANS方程求解平台流场,湍流模拟利用SST k-ω模型,采用VOF方法追踪自由液面。考虑到水陆两栖平台在航行过程中发生的较大姿态变化,将整体网格分为背景区域网格和随体区域网格,采用重叠网格方法模拟平台的两自由度运动。
高速水陆两栖平台自航的流动相对复杂,计算结果的影响因素多。网格均采用切割体网格。根据水陆两栖平台自航的流场特点,背景域内在自由表面处和Kelvin波区作加密处理,重叠网格域内在平台底部和喷水推进器进口区域作不同程度的加密。在平台表面划分棱柱层网格,棱柱层网格共4层,近壁厚度设为0.5 mm,y+值控制在30~200之间,基于STAR-CCM+中的Two-Layer All y+进行壁面处理,并采用混合壁面函数求解边界层的流动。为保证计算结果满足时间步长无关性,分步调小时间步进行瞬态计算,直至结果不再发生明显变化。计算域网格整体及平台表面网格细节如图4-5所示。
为确保水陆两栖平台自航计算求解准确,本节基于体积力方法开展自航计算,对网格的收敛性进行分析。通过改变网格的基本尺寸,针对体积傅汝德数Fr=1.83的工况设置了五套网格作网格无关性分析。不均匀加密比的定义为
式中,hiNi分别是第i套网格的特征尺寸和网格总数目。h1N1是最精细网格的特征尺寸和总数目。保证叶轮转速在不同的网格方案下一致,根据平台阻力与喷口流量判断网格的收敛性。
表1图6可知,根据阻升比和推进器流量指标,计算量适中的网格方案3就已经可以取得较好的计算精度,故本文后续采用该网格方案进行下一步的水陆两栖平台自航数值模拟。
进行水陆两栖平台的自航数值模拟时需要准确模拟推进泵对流体的作用。一般可以通过滑移网格法或多重参考系(MRF)方法模拟叶轮机械的旋转来计算泵的性能。由于本文主要针对喷水推进器与平台之间的相互作用,不关注泵内部的流动,因此选择体积力法模拟叶轮及导叶的作用。在采用体积力法对喷水推进器进行简化处理时,通过对叶轮区域设置虚拟盘来替代真实叶片,如图7(b)蓝色区域所示。假定叶轮和导叶的轴向作用在体积力作用区域内均匀分布[14],考虑到系统力平衡,设置体积力等于两栖平台所受阻力与流道阻力之和[6]。下面验证推进泵体积力模型的计算效果。
利用推进泵的MRF模型计算该工况下的流场。将推进泵叶轮和导叶轴向力结果,作为动量源项施加到推进泵的体积力区域,按照式(8)计算体积力:
式中,Ba为单位体积受到的轴向体积力,Tp为根据MRF方法计算得到叶轮导叶的轴向力,B为体积力方法作用域的体积。
首先,利用MRF方法对设计转速2300 r/min进行数值计算。对于MRF方法,喷水推进器的净推力等于内部包括流道、叶片等各部件表面的总轴向受力。对于体积力方法,由于缺少了叶轮和导叶结构,认为叶轮区域施加的轴向动量源项与其他各部件轴向受力的和为喷水推进器的净推力。图8所示分别为MRF方法和体积力法计算得到的喷水推进器的中纵剖面的速度幅值分布。在进水流道区域,两者的速度幅值分布情况几乎一致,仅在叶轮、导叶和喷口位置存在一定差异。
表2为两种方法计算得到的净推力与喷口流量。MRF模型与体积力方法计算得到的净推力与流量误差较小,因此体积力方法可以用于高速两栖平台的自航数值模拟当中。
采用动量通量法进行喷水推进器总推力的计算时需要用到推进器流量、喷口流速和进流面流速等参数。其中,流量及喷口速度易在CFD数值模拟中得到,关键是确定进流面的形状进而得到进流面速度。目前,确定进流面形状的方法主要有两种:其中自定义标量函数法和流线法。自定义标量函数涉及软件的二次开发,相对复杂。
本文采用基于流线追踪法的进流面获取方法,具体流程为首先在泵进口处合理设置流线分布区域和流线种子数量,使得流线布满流道。其次在进流面1处建立与来流方向垂直的平面截面,获得流线与截面相交的点坐标,作凸包计算获得该截面上平面点集最外层的边界点,如图9所示。最后采用4次多项式拟合,得到进流面的形状曲线,最终效果如图10所示。
为分析喷水推进水陆两栖平台的推力减额特性,进行不同航速下裸平台和自航平台的数值模拟。图11Fr=3.3时,裸平台及自航平台的自由表面波形图,两者后部的流场基本相似,但在自航平台的波形图中,可明显看出喷口水流对后部流场产生的影响。
在水陆两栖平台自航的后处理过程中,本文利用流线追踪法获取喷水推进器控制体的进流面,进而得到进流面上的速度分布,如图12所示。进流面的速度受到边界层影响,在靠近平台底部的位置接近于0,随着与平台底部距离的增加逐渐增大。
图13为水陆两栖平台裸船体和自航的阻力与姿态结果对比,由图可知,裸体与自航的阻力与纵倾变化趋势相同,随着航速提高先增大后减小,且阻力峰出现时的航速相同;相较于裸平台,在整个航速范围内自航平台的阻力更大,其中在20 km/h时阻力达到最大,之后逐渐下降,在最大阻力处,自航阻力与裸平台阻力相差也达到最大,为970 N。在喷水推进器作用下,自航车体的纵倾在整个速度区间都比裸平台纵倾大,而裸平台与自航时的升沉差距较小且变化趋势一致。
通过进流面与推进器喷口面的动量之差,计算喷水推进器的总推力。根据式(5),得到喷水推进水陆两栖平台的推力减额,如图14所示。在低航速下推力减额为正值,随着航速的提升,水陆两栖平台的推力减额呈现下降趋势,在高航速时出现负推力减额。阻力增额随着航速提升减小,并逐渐接近于零。动量减额在整个航速范围内始终为负,这表明动量通量法计算的总推力始终小于推进器净推力。
为了分析水陆两栖平台阻力增额的成分,设置自航过渡状态来区分阻力增额的整体作用和局部作用。过渡状态下,自航平台姿态与裸平台相同,体积力与正常自航状态相同。自航过渡状态与裸平台阻力差值受喷水推进器抽吸的影响,称为局部作用;自航过渡状态与自航状态的阻力差值受平台姿态变化的影响,称为整体作用。具体计算公式为
式中,tr1为推力减额局部作用,trg为推力减额整体作用,RBH为水陆两栖平台裸体阻力,RSHbh为裸体姿态下的自航阻力,Tnet为喷水推进器净推力。
图15可知,随着航速的提升,水陆两栖平台的阻力增额呈现下降趋势。阻力增额的整体作用在整个航速范围内为正,且随着航速增加先有小幅上升,后逐渐下降,整体变化趋势较缓。阻力增额的局部作用在低航速为正,随着航速提升迅速下降,在Fr=1.5时到达最小值,之后呈现出波动上升的趋势。
本文结合重叠网格方法和推进泵的体积力模型,实现了喷水推进高速水陆两栖平台的自航数值模拟,对喷水推进水陆两栖平台的推力减额特性进行分析。经研究得出以下结论:
(1)推进泵的体积力模型与MRF模型计算结果误差较小,验证了体积力模型用于喷水推进自航模拟的可行性。
(2)喷水推进水陆两栖平台的推力减额整体上呈现逐渐减小的趋势,在低航速时为正,中高航速时出现负推力减额。低速时较大的阻力增额是正推力减额的成因。中高航速出现负推力减额的主要原因是平台阻力增额随速度增加逐渐减小并接近于零。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51109158)
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2025年第29卷第7期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2025.07.005
  • 接收时间:2025-01-24
  • 首发时间:2026-03-24
  • 出版时间:2025-07-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-24
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    天津大学 建筑工程学院;水利工程智能建设与运维全国重点实验室,天津 300354

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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