Article(id=1281202776982143324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1281202552578478607, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.05.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1762704000000, receivedDateStr=2025-11-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1783392145628, onlineDateStr=2026-07-07, pubDate=1778774400000, pubDateStr=2026-05-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1783392145628, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-07-07, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1783392145628, creator=13041195026, updateTime=1783392145628, updator=13041195026, issue=Issue{id=1281202552578478607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, year='2026', volume='30', issue='5', pageStart='659', pageEnd='842', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1778774400000', pubDateStr='2026-05-15', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1783392092127, creator='13041195026', updateTime=1783395243852, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1281215774769525418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1281202552578478607, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1281215775176372907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, issueId=1281202552578478607, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=816, endPage=824, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1281202781335830878, articleId=1281202776982143324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=EN, title=High-cycle fatigue performance of welded joints of a certain type of titanium alloy used in marine equipment, columnId=1242129251223274417, journalTitle=Journal of Ship Mechanics, columnName=Structural Mechanics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to evaluate the fatigue performance and potential application prospects of a certain type of titanium alloy K-TIG welded joint for marine equipment, this study conducted high cycle fatigue tests and fatigue life prediction models research on titanium alloy welded joints with docking form based on the Basquin formula theoretical method and statistical P-S-N probability analysis method. Research results show that the yield and tensile strengths of the titanium alloy welded joint used in marine equipment are 941 MPa and 985 MPa, respectively, with a yield to strength ratio exceeding 0.95 and low plasticity. The high cycle fatigue strength of titanium alloy welded joints expressed as maximum stress under the condition of stress ratio R = 0.1 is 297 MPa, and the ratio to tensile strength (fatigue ratio) is only 0.3. Characterization of fatigue fracture characteristics using electron scanning microscopy indicates that fatigue cracks originate at the weld toe of the welded joint, fatigue striations appear in the fatigue crack propagation zone, with a large number of ductile dimples in the instantaneous fracture zone. The median curves of maximum stress, stress amplitude, maximum load, and fatigue life of welded joints were obtained based on the Basquin formula. Meanwhile, P-S-N fatigue assessment models were provided under different survival rate conditions. The research in this article has reference value for the service safety assessment of marine equipment structures.

, authors=Peng YUE1, Peng WANG2, 3, 4, 5, Yuan GAO2, 3, 4, 5, Lin GAN2, 3, 4, Yan-qing LI2, 3, 4, 5, authorsList=Peng YUE, Peng WANG, Yuan GAO, Lin GAN, Yan-qing LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Peng WANG, Yan-qing LI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=Copyright ©2026 Journal of Ship Mechanics. All rights reserved., copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1281202867264536991, articleId=1281202776982143324, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, language=CN, title=海洋装备用某型钛合金焊接节点高周疲劳性能研究, columnId=1241023038926410098, journalTitle=船舶力学, columnName=结构力学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为了评估海洋装备用某型钛合金K-TIG焊接接头的疲劳性能和潜在应用前景,本文基于Basquin公式理论方法和统计学P-S-N概率分析方法,针对对接形式的钛合金焊接接头开展了高周疲劳试验和寿命预测模型研究。结果表明,海洋装备用某型钛合金焊接接头屈服和抗拉强度分别达到941 MPa和985 MPa,屈强比超过0.95,而塑性较低;钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下以最大应力表示的高周疲劳强度为297 MPa,与抗拉强度的比值(疲劳比)仅为0.3;采用电子扫描显微镜表征疲劳断口特征和失效机制,结果表明,焊接接头的疲劳裂纹源萌生于焊缝焊趾处,疲劳裂纹扩展区出现了疲劳辉纹,瞬断区内有大量韧窝;基于Basquin公式分别给出了最大应力、应力幅、最大载荷与焊接接头疲劳寿命的中值曲线;同时,给出了不同存活率条件下的P-S-N疲劳评估模型。本文的研究对海洋装备结构服役安全评估具有参考价值。

, authors=岳彭1, 王鹏2, 3, 4, 5, 高原2, 3, 4, 5, 甘霖2, 3, 4, 李艳青2, 3, 4, 5, authorsList=岳彭, 王鹏, 高原, 甘霖, 李艳青, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=王鹏, 李艳青, authorNote=

岳 彭(1982–),男,硕士,高级工程师

, correspAuthorsNote=
王 鹏(1995–),男,博士,工程师,通讯作者,E-mail:
李艳青(1982–),男,博士研究生,研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:
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岳 彭(1982–),男,硕士,高级工程师

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岳 彭(1982–),男,硕士,高级工程师

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3.深海载人装备全国重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
4.船舶结构安全全国重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
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Main chemical components (mass fraction: %) of a certain type of titanium alloy used in marine equipment

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化学成分AIVFeCTi
含量6.074.020.1890.015基体
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海洋装备用某型某钛合金主要化学成分(质量分数:%)

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化学成分AIVFeCTi
含量6.074.020.1890.015基体
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Tensile properties of titanium alloy welded joints

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抗拉强度
Rm /(MPa)
屈服强度
RP0.2 /(MPa)
延伸率
A(%)
断面收缩率
Z(%)
99194311.838.9
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钛合金焊接接头拉伸性能

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抗拉强度
Rm /(MPa)
屈服强度
RP0.2 /(MPa)
延伸率
A(%)
断面收缩率
Z(%)
99194311.838.9
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Fatigue test data of titanium alloy welded joints (R = 0.1)

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序号最大载荷/
(kN)
最大应力/
(MPa)
寿命/
(周次)
序号最大载荷/
(kN)
最大应力/
(MPa)
寿命/
(周次)
1124.2397269 2179124.2397192 062
299.4318989 07210173.955625 404
3872781 000 00011173.955619 341
499.4318308 84712173.955647 943
5872781 000 00013149.147786 803
699.4318119 89714149.147738 552
7872781 000 00015149.147726 743
8124.239762 000
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钛合金焊接接头疲劳试验数据(R = 0.1)

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序号最大载荷/
(kN)
最大应力/
(MPa)
寿命/
(周次)
序号最大载荷/
(kN)
最大应力/
(MPa)
寿命/
(周次)
1124.2397269 2179124.2397192 062
299.4318989 07210173.955625 404
3872781 000 00011173.955619 341
499.4318308 84712173.955647 943
5872781 000 00013149.147786 803
699.4318119 89714149.147738 552
7872781 000 00015149.147726 743
8124.239762 000
), ArticleFig(id=1281202933563900420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240685776644648972, articleId=1281202776982143324, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Basquin formula parameters of high cycle fatigue for titanium alloy welded joints (R = 0.1)

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疲劳强度 $ {\sigma }_{0.1} $ /(MPa)疲劳强度系数 $ \sigma _{\mathrm{f}}^{'} $ /(MPa)疲劳强度指数 b
133.62672.6074– 0.2176
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钛合金焊接接头高周疲劳Basquin公式参数(R = 0.1)

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疲劳强度 $ {\sigma }_{0.1} $ /(MPa)疲劳强度系数 $ \sigma _{\mathrm{f}}^{'} $ /(MPa)疲劳强度指数 b
133.62672.6074– 0.2176
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海洋装备用某型钛合金焊接节点高周疲劳性能研究
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岳彭 1 , 王鹏 2, 3, 4, 5 , 高原 2, 3, 4, 5 , 甘霖 2, 3, 4 , 李艳青 2, 3, 4, 5
船舶力学 | 结构力学 2026,30(5): 816-824
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船舶力学 |结构力学 2026 , 30 (5) : 816 -824
海洋装备用某型钛合金焊接节点高周疲劳性能研究
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岳 彭(1982–),男,硕士,高级工程师

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岳 彭(1982–),男,硕士,高级工程师

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岳彭1, 王鹏2, 3, 4, 5 , 高原2, 3, 4, 5, 甘霖2, 3, 4, 李艳青2, 3, 4, 5
作者信息
  • 1.海军装备部驻无锡地区军事代表室,江苏 无锡 214151
  • 2.中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏 无锡 214082
  • 3.深海载人装备全国重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
  • 4.船舶结构安全全国重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
  • 5.深海技术科学太湖实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
通讯作者:
王 鹏(1995–),男,博士,工程师,通讯作者,E-mail:
李艳青(1982–),男,博士研究生,研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:
作者简介:

岳 彭(1982–),男,硕士,高级工程师

High-cycle fatigue performance of welded joints of a certain type of titanium alloy used in marine equipment
Peng YUE1, Peng WANG2, 3, 4, 5 , Yuan GAO2, 3, 4, 5, Lin GAN2, 3, 4, Yan-qing LI2, 3, 4, 5
Affiliations
  • 1.Military Representative Office of Naval Equipment Department in Wuxi Area, Wuxi 214151, China
  • 2.China Ship Scientific Research Center, Wuxi 214082, China
  • 3.National State Key Laboratory of Deep-sea Manned Vehicles, Wuxi 214082, China
  • 4.Key Laboratory of Ship Structural Safety, Wuxi 214082, China
  • 5.Taihu Laboratory of Deep-sea Technological Science, Wuxi 214082, China
出版时间: 2026-05-15 doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.05.013
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为了评估海洋装备用某型钛合金K-TIG焊接接头的疲劳性能和潜在应用前景,本文基于Basquin公式理论方法和统计学P-S-N概率分析方法,针对对接形式的钛合金焊接接头开展了高周疲劳试验和寿命预测模型研究。结果表明,海洋装备用某型钛合金焊接接头屈服和抗拉强度分别达到941 MPa和985 MPa,屈强比超过0.95,而塑性较低;钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下以最大应力表示的高周疲劳强度为297 MPa,与抗拉强度的比值(疲劳比)仅为0.3;采用电子扫描显微镜表征疲劳断口特征和失效机制,结果表明,焊接接头的疲劳裂纹源萌生于焊缝焊趾处,疲劳裂纹扩展区出现了疲劳辉纹,瞬断区内有大量韧窝;基于Basquin公式分别给出了最大应力、应力幅、最大载荷与焊接接头疲劳寿命的中值曲线;同时,给出了不同存活率条件下的P-S-N疲劳评估模型。本文的研究对海洋装备结构服役安全评估具有参考价值。

钛合金焊接接头  /  高周疲劳  /  疲劳强度  /  S-N曲线  /  疲劳断口特征

In order to evaluate the fatigue performance and potential application prospects of a certain type of titanium alloy K-TIG welded joint for marine equipment, this study conducted high cycle fatigue tests and fatigue life prediction models research on titanium alloy welded joints with docking form based on the Basquin formula theoretical method and statistical P-S-N probability analysis method. Research results show that the yield and tensile strengths of the titanium alloy welded joint used in marine equipment are 941 MPa and 985 MPa, respectively, with a yield to strength ratio exceeding 0.95 and low plasticity. The high cycle fatigue strength of titanium alloy welded joints expressed as maximum stress under the condition of stress ratio R = 0.1 is 297 MPa, and the ratio to tensile strength (fatigue ratio) is only 0.3. Characterization of fatigue fracture characteristics using electron scanning microscopy indicates that fatigue cracks originate at the weld toe of the welded joint, fatigue striations appear in the fatigue crack propagation zone, with a large number of ductile dimples in the instantaneous fracture zone. The median curves of maximum stress, stress amplitude, maximum load, and fatigue life of welded joints were obtained based on the Basquin formula. Meanwhile, P-S-N fatigue assessment models were provided under different survival rate conditions. The research in this article has reference value for the service safety assessment of marine equipment structures.

titanium alloy welded joint  /  high-cycle fatigue  /  fatigue strength  /  S-N curve  /  fatigue fracture characteristics
岳彭, 王鹏, 高原, 甘霖, 李艳青. 海洋装备用某型钛合金焊接节点高周疲劳性能研究. 船舶力学, 2026 , 30 (5) : 816 -824 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.05.013
Peng YUE, Peng WANG, Yuan GAO, Lin GAN, Yan-qing LI. High-cycle fatigue performance of welded joints of a certain type of titanium alloy used in marine equipment[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2026 , 30 (5) : 816 -824 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.05.013
钛合金由于具有高的比强度、良好的韧性、无磁性、耐腐蚀性以及低密度等优异的综合力学性能,已广泛应用于航空航天、海洋船舶、石油化工等领域[12]。一方面,由钛合金构成的关键海洋装备结构在长期服役过程中往往要承受循环载荷作用,导致其容易由于疲劳问题而发生断裂失效;另一方面,焊接是海洋装备结构的一种重要制造工艺,焊接工艺使得海洋装备存在不连续结构,由于焊接工艺的复杂性、腐蚀环境的多样性、材料强度寿命特性的分散性以及载荷的随机性等复杂因素的影响,海洋装备用钛合金焊接结构的疲劳强度和疲劳寿命显著降低,从而严重影响海洋装备用典型焊接结构长期服役的安全性和可靠性[3]。因此,亟需针对海洋装备用钛合金焊接接头疲劳性能开展研究。
传统的钛合金焊接工艺有熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG焊)、非熔化极气体保护焊(TIG焊)、钨极氩弧焊、等离子焊、激光焊等。在海洋工程领域,钛合金结构往往具有大尺寸厚度的特点,而传统的焊接工艺存在焊接变形量大、焊后矫形难、焊缝晶粒粗大等不足。因此,针对海洋装备用大尺寸钛合金结构焊接,K-TIG焊[45]是一种在传统TIG焊基础上进行创新的先进焊接工艺,通过使用特殊设计的焊枪和大电流专用电源产生高能量密度的电弧,从而形成锁孔效应(也称钥匙孔效应),可获得热影响区小、焊缝成形美观、质量优良的焊接接头,能够一次性焊透厚度达40 mm以上的板材,从而实现单面焊双面成形,并显著提高焊接效率。
国内外学者对钛合金等金属材料焊接接头焊接变形、残余应力、缺口应力、疲劳等力学性能以及相关微观组织特征进行了大量研究。葛可可等[6]采用有限元方法研究了焊接顺序对钛合金加筋板壳体残余变形的影响规律,结果表明,采用从中间至两端的肋骨装焊顺序可得到更小的焊接变形和更高的变形均匀度。吕逸帆等[7]和Filip等[8]分别探究了热处理工艺和微观组织结构对钛合金力学性能影响规律,结果表明冷却速率和时效条件显著影响钛合金的力学性能:提高固溶温度、增大固溶冷却速率、降低时效温度可以提高钛合金的强度,但同时会降低冲击韧性和断裂韧度。与Paris裂纹扩展模型相比,王珂等[9]基于改进的McEvily裂纹扩展模型在钛合金中实现了更高的可靠度,Przybyla等[10]通过引入单个晶粒内的微塑性概念,利用计算模拟建立了金属多晶中高周疲劳裂纹萌生与应力状态和微结构尺度滑移行为之间的函数关系。Wang等[11]通过建立材料强度的归一化模型,良好预测了两种钛合金在不同载荷比下的裂纹扩展速率。黄小平等[12]研究表明,船舶及海洋结构的疲劳热点部位大多位于构件相互连接的焊缝焊趾处,在Newman有效应力强度因子计算方法的基础上,考虑了变幅载荷作用并提出一种焊接接头疲劳裂纹扩展寿命预测模型,Soares等[13]基于线性叠加原理将非受力十字接头因焊接和超声冲击处理产生的残余应力建模为初始应力,并提出在高应力区采用局部应变方法,揭示了残余应力对焊接接头疲劳裂纹萌生寿命的影响规律。研究[1415]表明,临界距离法与缺口的形状及尺寸有关,研究者提出一种缺口构件疲劳评估的零点临界距离法,比名义应力法、热点应力法、缺口应力法具有更高的精度。贺琦[16]采用临界距离理论中的点法与线法,分别对是否考虑焊缝模型热点应力集中系数两种情况下的疲劳性能进行了分析,发现在考虑焊缝的模型中,线法的预测精度比点法更高。刘刚等[17]将以焊趾处板厚方向非线性分布应力为零位置的结构应力作为一种新型结构评估应力,在一定程度上能够考虑应力梯度对疲劳寿命的影响,且比传统的热点应力法具有更高的精度。
在焊接结构的疲劳性能研究中,名义应力法、热点应力法、缺口应力法和断裂力学法是四种常见的评估方法。其中,传统的名义应力法是一种简便高效且应用广泛的评价焊接接头疲劳性能的重要手段[18]。因此,本文采用传统的名义应力法,针对某海洋装备用钛合金焊接板材开展高周疲劳性能试验与疲劳性能评估,旨在揭示钛合金焊接接头疲劳载荷与疲劳寿命之间的关系及其疲劳失效机理,从而为其在海洋装备关键结构上的应用与服役安全评估提供数据支撑与借鉴。
本文研究的对象材料为某钛合金板材,板材厚度为12.5 mm,其主要化学成分如表1所示。
沿着钛合金板材轧制方向以对接焊缝形式进行焊接,焊丝选择TC3。焊接工艺采用先进的K-TIG工艺进行打底焊接,该工艺在TIG焊基础上通过使用大电流产生高能量密度的电弧,从而在焊缝处产生锁孔效应并实现高效深熔焊。随后采用手工TIG焊接工艺进行盖面填充,焊缝宽度约为12 mm。焊后在真空炉中进行了消应力热处理,首先加热至600 ℃保温30 min,随后充氩气风冷至不高于100 ℃后出炉空冷,焊接板材实物如图1所示。
分别按照图2图3加工带焊接接头的拉伸和疲劳试样,焊缝在试样平行段正中心。为了研究钛合金焊接板材原始表面状态下真实的力学性能,拉伸和疲劳试样在厚度方向上下两个表面保持板材原始的粗糙度,使用磨床对试样宽度方向试验平行段与过渡弧进行抛光处理,拉伸和疲劳试样粗糙度分别为Ra 1.6和Ra 0.8。
拉伸试验在E45.105电子万能试验机上进行,拉伸试样采用3个平行样,应变速率为2.5×10–4 s–1。高周疲劳试验在MTS Landmark 370.10疲劳试验机上进行,疲劳试验现场如图4所示。每一级应力选择3个疲劳试样,采取应力控制方式,应力比R = 0.1,频率为10 Hz,终止寿命为106周次。采用升降法来测试钛合金焊接接头在疲劳寿命为106周次的条件疲劳强度。试验后,采用型号为ZEISS EVO 15的场发射扫描电子显微镜观察高周疲劳试样的断口形貌特征。
对高周疲劳应力与疲劳寿命进行统计分析最常见的方式为Basquin公式[19],在双对数坐标中循环应力和疲劳寿命呈线性关系为
$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{a}}=\frac{\Delta \sigma }{2}={{\sigma _{\mathrm{f}}^{'}}\left(2{N}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)}^{b} $
其中,$ {N}_{\mathrm{f}} $是疲劳寿命,即加载应力循环周次,$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{a}} $$ \Delta \sigma $分别是施加的循环应力幅和应力幅范围;$ \sigma _{\mathrm{f}}^{'} $是疲劳强度系数,$ b $是疲劳强度指数。
疲劳强度系数大小与材料抗拉强度相关,而疲劳强度指数则反映了S-N曲线在双对数坐标中的斜率,数值一般在–0.12 ~ –0.05之间,数值越小则表示疲劳寿命随应力的减小而下降得越快。因此,基于Basquin公式可知,疲劳强度系数$ \sigma _{\mathrm{f}}^{'} $和疲劳强度指数b是对结构材料疲劳寿命数据进行统计分析的两个关键参量。
钛合金焊接试样的拉伸应力–应变曲线如图5所示,通过拉伸试验获得其拉伸性能主要参数如表2所示。
由拉伸试验结果可知,该钛合金焊接试样拉伸屈服强度可达943 MPa,屈服强度与抗拉强度的比值为95.1%,具有较高的屈强比。断裂延伸率在10%以上,但由拉伸曲线可知均匀延伸率只有4.5%左右,随后发生较大的颈缩现象,直至拉伸应变达到11.8%时发生断裂。
疲劳试验数据汇总如表3所示,应力计算采用疲劳焊接板材试样试验平行段名义宽×厚,即25 mm×12.5 mm。疲劳载荷–寿命结果如图6所示。
采用升降法测试钛合金焊接接头的疲劳强度,获取3对疲劳强度测试数据,如图7所示。升降法疲劳强度按公式(2)进行计算
$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{w}}=\frac{1}{n}\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}{\sigma }_{\max } $
其中,$ {\sigma }_{\max } $为疲劳试验所施加的循环最大应力,$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{w}} $为给定疲劳寿命条件下依据升降法测得的最大应力疲劳强度计算值。因此,可计算得到钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下,疲劳寿命为106周次对应的最大应力条件疲劳强度为297 MPa,约为抗拉强度的30%。文献[20]报道采用钨极氩弧焊的钛合金对接焊接接头疲劳强度约为193 MPa,可知本文采用的K-TIG焊接工艺将钛合金焊接接头疲劳强度提升了约104 MPa,与钨极氩弧焊相比疲劳强度提升了约54%。
根据疲劳应力幅与最大循环应力的关系
$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{a}}=\frac{1-R}{2}{\sigma }_{\max } $
可计算得到钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下,疲劳寿命为106周次对应的条件疲劳强度为133.6 MPa,仅为抗拉强度的13.5%,疲劳比极低。由此可知,焊接造成钛合金焊接接头的疲劳性能严重劣化,对其疲劳性能进行实验研究对于疲劳寿命评估与预测具有重要意义。
图8显示了钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下的拉拉高周疲劳最大应力–寿命曲线,图9为相应的疲劳应力幅–疲劳寿命P-S-N曲线,纵坐标分别为施加的最大应力和应力幅。其中,图8图9中水平线与y轴对应的数值表示通过升降法测得的最大应力疲劳强度值和疲劳强度应力幅值,斜线段表示采用Basquin公式(1)对疲劳试验数据进行统计分析得到的失效概率为50%的中值疲劳曲线,在双对数坐标下呈现明显的直线特征,相应的疲劳强度系数和疲劳强度指数列在表4中。
由公式(1)、公式(3)和表4可得,在钛合金焊接接头高周疲劳最大应力和应力幅与疲劳寿命的Basquin公式中值疲劳曲线分别为
$ {\sigma }_{\max }={5939.1276\left(2{N}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)}^{-0.2176} $
$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{a}}={2672.6074\left(2{N}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)}^{-0.2176} $
因此,通过对钛合金焊接接头高周疲劳实验数据进行统计分析,基于Basquin公式可以获得在相同试验工况条件下,任意给定最大应力或应力幅对应的疲劳寿命预测值。同时,根据应力与载荷的关系,在名义尺寸条件下可获得钛合金焊接接头疲劳寿命与服役最大循环载荷($ {{F}}_{\max } $)之间的关系,如公式(6)所示
$ {{F}}_{\max }={1855.9774\left(2{N}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)}^{-0.2176} $
为了对钛合金焊接接头在交变应力下疲劳寿命与存活率关系的应力–寿命曲线进行失效概率统计分析,绘制出相应的不同失效概率条件下的疲劳P-S-N[21]曲线,如图9中虚线所示,分别给出了存活率为97.72%和2.28%(对应中值曲线±2倍标准差)以及置信度均为95%的疲劳概率寿命预报曲线
$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{a}}={1795.70\left(2{N}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)}^{-0.2176}, p=97.72\%\text{,}r=95\% $
$ {\sigma }_{\mathrm{a}}={3977.73\left(2{N}_{\mathrm{f}}\right)}^{-0.2176}, p=2.28\%\text{,}r=95\% $
钛合金焊接接头试样疲劳断口特征如图10所示。图10(a)为宏观整体断口形貌,疲劳裂纹从焊道坡口底部的一侧边缘起裂。扫描电镜下观察钛合金焊接接头疲劳断口微观形貌特征,如图10(b)所示,疲劳裂纹源位于样品焊道根部表面,属于从样品表面开始的多源疲劳开裂。裂纹沿着焊趾边缘萌生并向内部扩展,疲劳扩展区占断口面积约2/3,瞬断区位于母材附近区域。
疲劳扩展区呈现典型的穿晶开裂特征,可以观察到比较清晰的放射线、疲劳辉纹和微裂纹汇合的台阶,如图10(c)所示。疲劳断口最后的瞬断区呈现出与高强钢[2223]相同的典型沿晶断裂特征,断口微观特征为大量大小不一的韧窝,如图10(d)所示。
本文针对海洋装备用钛合金焊接板材开展了拉伸和高周疲劳试验,获得了钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下的高周疲劳S-N曲线和拉伸性能参数数据,并对疲劳断口特征进行了观察表征。主要结论如下:
(1)钛合金焊接试样拉伸屈服强度可达943 MPa,屈服强度与抗拉强度的比值为95.1%,具有较高的屈强比。但焊接试样塑性较低,均匀延伸率只有4.5%左右,随后发生较大的颈缩现象。
(2)钛合金焊接接头疲劳裂纹主要从焊趾处发生裂纹萌生,由此可见,焊接接头区域是钛合金焊接试样疲劳性能的薄弱区域。因此,在实际工程应用中应当关注焊接接头附近的疲劳性能。
(3)钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下,疲劳寿命为106周次对应的最大应力条件疲劳强度为297 MPa,约为抗拉强度的30%;而应力幅表示的条件疲劳强度为133.6 MPa,仅为抗拉强度的13.5%。由此可见,钛合金焊接试样疲劳比极低,焊接接头导致疲劳性能严重劣化。
(4)文中给出了钛合金焊接接头在应力比R = 0.1条件下的高周疲劳寿命中值曲线、存活率分别为97.72%和2.28%且置信度均为95%的疲劳概率寿命预报曲线,为其在海洋装备结构上的应用提供了数据支撑和理论基础。

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2026年第30卷第5期
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doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-7294.2026.05.013
  • 接收时间:2025-11-10
  • 首发时间:2026-07-07
  • 出版时间:2026-05-15
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  • 收稿日期:2025-11-10
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    1.海军装备部驻无锡地区军事代表室,江苏 无锡 214151
    2.中国船舶科学研究中心,江苏 无锡 214082
    3.深海载人装备全国重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
    4.船舶结构安全全国重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214082
    5.深海技术科学太湖实验室,江苏 无锡 214082

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王 鹏(1995–),男,博士,工程师,通讯作者,E-mail:
李艳青(1982–),男,博士研究生,研究员,通讯作者,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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