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According to continuous blasting vibration monitoring results carried out on three monitoring points (bottom, middle, and top) at different vertical positions at the same horizontal distance from an underwater blasting project in a channel adjacent to high-rise buildings, the three-dimensional spatial patterns of blast vibration velocity, vibration frequency, and vibration energy were analyzed, and the elevation effect mechanism of blasting vibrations on high-rise buildings was explored. The analysis results show that: (1) Blasting vibration velocity is influenced by the combined action of the elliptical motion of Rayleigh wave, energy attenuation, and whiplash effect. It presents a significant three-dimensional spatial effect in the propagation among high-rise buildings, in which the vertical direction is dominated by Rayleigh wave elliptical motion and whiplash effect, showing a significant elevation amplification effect, while the horizontal and tangential directions are dominated by Rayleigh wave elliptical motion and energy attenuation, exhibiting an elevation attenuation effect. (2) The propagation of blasting vibration frequency in high-rise building is mainly affected by the vertical distance from the wall, showing an elevation attenuation effect in all three directions. (3) The distribution of vertical blasting vibration energy presents a significant elevation amplification effect from the bottom, middle to the top of the building. Specifically, the high-frequency energy proportion shows an elevation attenuation effect in the middle and top relative to the bottom, while the low-frequency energy proportion exhibits an elevation amplification effect in the middle and top relative to the bottom.
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根据某航道水下钻孔爆破工程邻近高层建筑同一水平距离、不同竖向位置处底部、中部和顶部三个三向监测点开展的连续爆破振动监测结果,分析爆破振动速度、振动频率和振动能量高程效应三维空间规律,探究高层建筑爆破振动高程效应机理。分析结果表明:①爆破振动速度受“面波椭圆运动”、“能量衰减”和“鞭梢效应”共同作用,在高层建筑中的传播呈现出明显的三维空间效应,垂直向Z“面波椭圆运动”和“鞭梢效应”作用占主导,表现为明显的高程放大效应,而水平向X、切向Y“面波椭圆运动”和“能量衰减”作用占主导,表现为高程衰减效应;②爆破振动频率在高程建筑中的传播主要受墙体垂直距离影响,在水平向X、切向Y和垂直向Z三个方向均表现为高程衰减效应;③垂直向Z爆破振动能量分布从建筑底部、中部至顶部呈现明显的逐步高程放大效应,高频能量比例中部、顶部相对底部表现为高程衰减效应,低频能量比例中部、顶部相对底部表现为高程放大效应,而中部和顶部各频带能量比例高程效应不明显。研究结论对高层建筑的爆破振动控制具有借鉴意义。
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廖德华(1970-),男,高级工程师,主要从事水运工程试验检测评估方面的研究工作,(E-mail)568924822@qq.com。
LIAO De-hua (1970-), male, senior engineer, mainly engaged in the research work on the evaluation of water transportation engineering test and inspection, (E-mail) 568924822@qq.com.
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廖德华(1970-),男,高级工程师,主要从事水运工程试验检测评估方面的研究工作,(E-mail)568924822@qq.com。
LIAO De-hua (1970-), male, senior engineer, mainly engaged in the research work on the evaluation of water transportation engineering test and inspection, (E-mail) 568924822@qq.com.
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廖德华(1970-),男,高级工程师,主要从事水运工程试验检测评估方面的研究工作,(E-mail)568924822@qq.com。
LIAO De-hua (1970-), male, senior engineer, mainly engaged in the research work on the evaluation of water transportation engineering test and inspection, (E-mail) 568924822@qq.com.
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articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=振动频率), Keyword(id=1241687548192411817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=振动能量), Keyword(id=1241687548305658034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, orderNo=6, keyword=爆破振动监测)], refs=[Reference(id=1241687551778541903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=17, issue=4, pageStart=143, pageEnd=146, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=曾桂香, 郭呈详, journalName=自然灾害学报, refType=null, unstructuredReference=曾桂香, 郭呈详. 高层建筑顶部细小突出物的鞭梢效应[J].
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2015., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1241687544191046571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241687544199435179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, companyId=1241687544191046571, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Guangxi Transportation Science and Technology Group Co, Ltd, Nanning 530007, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1241687544207823787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, companyId=1241687544191046571, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=广西交科集团有限公司,南宁 530007)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1241687548448264386, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=
Schematic diagram of the renovation project section, figureFileSmall=2/tKRqyK+2jUjakMl1+1gA==, figureFileBig=Ave4xwAF2umq2bLDMST8cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687548548927691, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
整治工程段示意图, figureFileSmall=2/tKRqyK+2jUjakMl1+1gA==, figureFileBig=Ave4xwAF2umq2bLDMST8cA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687548859306216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
The relative position of blasting point and monitoring points, figureFileSmall=7Y5RTRwFz4Qqkae7nS0SdA==, figureFileBig=2Kk5YXbmOGjlvCJvA+BSAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687550386032881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
爆破点与监测点相对位置示意图, figureFileSmall=7Y5RTRwFz4Qqkae7nS0SdA==, figureFileBig=2Kk5YXbmOGjlvCJvA+BSAw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687550591553785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Comparison of blasting vibration waveforms of top, middle and bottom measuring points, figureFileSmall=kfpcydw68D+bKcKC/yohxw==, figureFileBig=Vg1+FXLr1CHqXveT/A5MsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687550679634175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
顶部、中部和底部测点爆破振动时程曲线对比图, figureFileSmall=kfpcydw68D+bKcKC/yohxw==, figureFileBig=Vg1+FXLr1CHqXveT/A5MsQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687550771908871, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Comparison of the blasting vibrations' frequency spectra at the top, middle and bottom measuring points, figureFileSmall=3MBel8L+ACi3HZ8YClzQCQ==, figureFileBig=0fdkCa3pgDPhZDlhfCiUhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687550847406350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
顶部、中部和底部测点爆破振动信号频带能量分布对比图, figureFileSmall=3MBel8L+ACi3HZ8YClzQCQ==, figureFileBig=0fdkCa3pgDPhZDlhfCiUhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241687550956458268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Analysis and calculation results of energy distribution characteristics of each measuring point in the vertical direction
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 测点位置 | 频带/Hz | 0~10 Hz | 10~40 Hz | 40 Hz以上 | 总能量 |
|---|
| 顶部 | 能量比例 | 0.0694 | 0.7909 | 0.1397 | 2.6458 |
| 能量 | 0.1836 | 2.0926 | 0.3696 |
| 中部 | 能量比例 | 0.0829 | 0.8063 | 0.1108 | 1.4669 |
| 能量 | 0.1216 | 1.1828 | 0.1625 |
| 底部 | 能量比例 | 0.0489 | 0.6068 | 0.3443 | 1.0043 |
| 能量 | 0.0491 | 0.6094 | 0.3458 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241687551036150052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
各测点垂直向Z各频带能量分布特征分析计算结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 测点位置 | 频带/Hz | 0~10 Hz | 10~40 Hz | 40 Hz以上 | 总能量 |
|---|
| 顶部 | 能量比例 | 0.0694 | 0.7909 | 0.1397 | 2.6458 |
| 能量 | 0.1836 | 2.0926 | 0.3696 |
| 中部 | 能量比例 | 0.0829 | 0.8063 | 0.1108 | 1.4669 |
| 能量 | 0.1216 | 1.1828 | 0.1625 |
| 底部 | 能量比例 | 0.0489 | 0.6068 | 0.3443 | 1.0043 |
| 能量 | 0.0491 | 0.6094 | 0.3458 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241687551203922219, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Blasting vibration velocity in horizontal X, tangential Y and vertical Z directions
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 测试次数 | 水平向X | 切向Y | 垂直向Z |
|---|
| 振动速度/(cm·s-1) | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动速度/(cm·s-1) | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动速度/(cm·s-1) | 比值顶部/底部 |
|---|
| 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 |
|---|
| 3 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 1.1 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 1.8 |
| 4 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.6 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.3 | 0.13 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 2.1 |
| 5 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.8 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.0 | 0.08 | 0.14 | 0.21 | 2.6 |
| 6 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.7 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.8 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 2.0 |
| 7 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.7 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.5 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 2.8 |
| 8 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.5 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.7 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 2.2 |
| 9 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.4 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 1.8 |
| 10 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.9 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.0 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.28 | 3.1 |
| 11 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.5 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 1.3 |
| 12 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.8 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.8 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 2.0 |
| 13 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.9 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.28 | 2.3 |
| 14 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.6 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.6 | 0.10 | 0.17 | 0.27 | 2.7 |
| 15 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 2.6 |
| 平均值 | — | — | — | 0.7 | — | — | — | 0.8 | — | — | — | 2.1 |
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水平向X、切向Y和垂直向Z爆破振动速度监测成果汇总表
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| 测试次数 | 水平向X | 切向Y | 垂直向Z |
|---|
| 振动速度/(cm·s-1) | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动速度/(cm·s-1) | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动速度/(cm·s-1) | 比值顶部/底部 |
|---|
| 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 |
|---|
| 3 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 1.1 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 1.8 |
| 4 | 0.12 | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.6 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.3 | 0.13 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 2.1 |
| 5 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.06 | 0.8 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.0 | 0.08 | 0.14 | 0.21 | 2.6 |
| 6 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.7 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.8 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.14 | 2.0 |
| 7 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.06 | 0.7 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.5 | 0.09 | 0.14 | 0.25 | 2.8 |
| 8 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.5 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.7 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 2.2 |
| 9 | 0.10 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.03 | 0.4 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 1.8 |
| 10 | 0.08 | 0.07 | 0.07 | 0.9 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 1.0 | 0.09 | 0.17 | 0.28 | 3.1 |
| 11 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.3 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.5 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 1.3 |
| 12 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.8 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.8 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 2.0 |
| 13 | 0.11 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.9 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.5 | 0.12 | 0.25 | 0.28 | 2.3 |
| 14 | 0.17 | 0.13 | 0.10 | 0.6 | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.6 | 0.10 | 0.17 | 0.27 | 2.7 |
| 15 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.6 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.13 | 2.6 |
| 平均值 | — | — | — | 0.7 | — | — | — | 0.8 | — | — | — | 2.1 |
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Blasting vibration frequency spectra in horizontal X, tangential Y and vertical Z directions
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| 测试次数 | 水平X方向 | 水平Y方向 | 垂直Z方向 |
|---|
| 振动频率/Hz | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动频率/Hz | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动频率/Hz | 比值顶部/底部 |
|---|
| 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 |
|---|
| 1 | 30.5 | 26.6 | 24.2 | 0.8 | 24.4 | 19.7 | 17.0 | 0.7 | 28.9 | 27.7 | 24.9 | 0.9 |
| 2 | 35.1 | 23.9 | 20.8 | 0.6 | 31.5 | 28.1 | 20.5 | 0.7 | 39.2 | 31.7 | 25.5 | 0.7 |
| 3 | 29.6 | 19.1 | 18.3 | 0.6 | 32.8 | 25.9 | 20.5 | 0.6 | 29.2 | 27.5 | 24.1 | 0.8 |
| 4 | 26.5 | 26.4 | 23.5 | 0.9 | 29.4 | 20.1 | 13.0 | 0.4 | 26.3 | 25.2 | 20.5 | 0.8 |
| 5 | 28.4 | 27.1 | 26.5 | 0.8 | 29.9 | 22.1 | 20.1 | 0.7 | 30.8 | 26.0 | 23.4 | 0.8 |
| 6 | 31.5 | 31.1 | 26.5 | 0.8 | 33.9 | 29.2 | 19.2 | 0.6 | 41.2 | 29.3 | 26.5 | 0.6 |
| 7 | 31.8 | 30.6 | 23.8 | 0.7 | 34.5 | 26.7 | 15.4 | 0.4 | 27.2 | 26.1 | 24.9 | 0.9 |
| 8 | 36.7 | 28.5 | 19.0 | 0.5 | 37.7 | 25.7 | 15.3 | 0.4 | 44.4 | 31.5 | 28.8 | 0.6 |
| 9 | 23.7 | 22.6 | 21.4 | 0.9 | 26.3 | 20.6 | 18.5 | 0.7 | 19.6 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 1.0 |
| 10 | 24.4 | 22.3 | 19.5 | 0.8 | 31.3 | 21.6 | 17.0 | 0.5 | 31.8 | 24.3 | 21.3 | 0.7 |
| 11 | 22.2 | 17.4 | 15.7 | 0.7 | 34.2 | 31.9 | 18.9 | 0.6 | 16.0 | 16.7 | 18.4 | 1.2 |
| 12 | 32.5 | 30.4 | 18.0 | 0.6 | 31.0 | 20.2 | 18.6 | 0.6 | 39.2 | 33.2 | 29.0 | 0.7 |
| 13 | 32.3 | 24.8 | 22.2 | 0.7 | 29.6 | 25.9 | 21.7 | 0.7 | 31.3 | 27.1 | 19.9 | 0.6 |
| 14 | 29.2 | 28.1 | 24.7 | 0.8 | 29.0 | 23.6 | 19.5 | 0.7 | 18.9 | 21.6 | 26.5 | 1.4 |
| 15 | 29.9 | 24.9 | 20.2 | 0.7 | 24.0 | 20.1 | 17.7 | 0.7 | 47.1 | 34.4 | 29.9 | 0.6 |
| 平均值 | — | — | — | 0.7 | — | — | — | 0.6 | — | — | — | 0.8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241687551606575429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241687541699629758, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
水平向X、切向Y和垂直向Z爆破振动频率监测成果汇总表
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| 测试次数 | 水平X方向 | 水平Y方向 | 垂直Z方向 |
|---|
| 振动频率/Hz | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动频率/Hz | 比值顶部/底部 | 振动频率/Hz | 比值顶部/底部 |
|---|
| 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 | 底部 | 中部 | 顶部 |
|---|
| 1 | 30.5 | 26.6 | 24.2 | 0.8 | 24.4 | 19.7 | 17.0 | 0.7 | 28.9 | 27.7 | 24.9 | 0.9 |
| 2 | 35.1 | 23.9 | 20.8 | 0.6 | 31.5 | 28.1 | 20.5 | 0.7 | 39.2 | 31.7 | 25.5 | 0.7 |
| 3 | 29.6 | 19.1 | 18.3 | 0.6 | 32.8 | 25.9 | 20.5 | 0.6 | 29.2 | 27.5 | 24.1 | 0.8 |
| 4 | 26.5 | 26.4 | 23.5 | 0.9 | 29.4 | 20.1 | 13.0 | 0.4 | 26.3 | 25.2 | 20.5 | 0.8 |
| 5 | 28.4 | 27.1 | 26.5 | 0.8 | 29.9 | 22.1 | 20.1 | 0.7 | 30.8 | 26.0 | 23.4 | 0.8 |
| 6 | 31.5 | 31.1 | 26.5 | 0.8 | 33.9 | 29.2 | 19.2 | 0.6 | 41.2 | 29.3 | 26.5 | 0.6 |
| 7 | 31.8 | 30.6 | 23.8 | 0.7 | 34.5 | 26.7 | 15.4 | 0.4 | 27.2 | 26.1 | 24.9 | 0.9 |
| 8 | 36.7 | 28.5 | 19.0 | 0.5 | 37.7 | 25.7 | 15.3 | 0.4 | 44.4 | 31.5 | 28.8 | 0.6 |
| 9 | 23.7 | 22.6 | 21.4 | 0.9 | 26.3 | 20.6 | 18.5 | 0.7 | 19.6 | 19.4 | 19.2 | 1.0 |
| 10 | 24.4 | 22.3 | 19.5 | 0.8 | 31.3 | 21.6 | 17.0 | 0.5 | 31.8 | 24.3 | 21.3 | 0.7 |
| 11 | 22.2 | 17.4 | 15.7 | 0.7 | 34.2 | 31.9 | 18.9 | 0.6 | 16.0 | 16.7 | 18.4 | 1.2 |
| 12 | 32.5 | 30.4 | 18.0 | 0.6 | 31.0 | 20.2 | 18.6 | 0.6 | 39.2 | 33.2 | 29.0 | 0.7 |
| 13 | 32.3 | 24.8 | 22.2 | 0.7 | 29.6 | 25.9 | 21.7 | 0.7 | 31.3 | 27.1 | 19.9 | 0.6 |
| 14 | 29.2 | 28.1 | 24.7 | 0.8 | 29.0 | 23.6 | 19.5 | 0.7 | 18.9 | 21.6 | 26.5 | 1.4 |
| 15 | 29.9 | 24.9 | 20.2 | 0.7 | 24.0 | 20.1 | 17.7 | 0.7 | 47.1 | 34.4 | 29.9 | 0.6 |
| 平均值 | — | — | — | 0.7 | — | — | — | 0.6 | — | — | — | 0.8 |
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