Article(id=1241442314674041031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1241442313185063097, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.01.009, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1663516800000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773912512701, onlineDateStr=2026-03-19, pubDate=1677600000000, pubDateStr=2023-03-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773912512701, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-19, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773912512701, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773912512701, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241442313185063097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, year='2023', volume='40', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='220', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773912512346, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773912765519, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241443375145079400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1241442313185063097, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241443375145079401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1241442313185063097, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=62, endPage=68, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241442314883756239, articleId=1241442314674041031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, language=EN, title=Open-pit Blasting Technology Research on Super Deep Hole and Large Resistance Line, columnId=1240702072862069231, journalTitle=Blasting, columnName=BLASTING IN ORE AND ROCK, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

There was a special working face with an ultra-high bench and a large resistance at the 410 platform of a mine in Qingyuan city, which required one-time blasting. This working face had a bench height of 30m, a length of 80 m, and a face angle of 45°~80°. Due to the large bench height, small face angle, and the different face angles of the upper and lower parts, it was difficult to conduct the blasting construction. Before blasting design, the RTK measuring instrument and total station were used to measure the topography of the detailed working face, and then calculate the slope angle of each position of the face according to the topographic map. According to the rock properties, the construction experience and the drilling rig type, the powder factor and blast hole diameter were determined. Based on the above results, the toe burden, drilling angle, depth and spacing of the first row of blast holes were then deigned. Similarly, the burden, drilling angle, depth, spacing of the following rows of holes were also determined. After the hole parameters were determined, the charging structure was designed according to the burden of each row of holes, the rock volume of each hole, powder factor, and the principle of uniform blasting action. Finally, the initiation network was designed by the software of 3Dmine based on the direction of rock movement and the earthquake-proof requirements of the protected objects. During the construction process, the key links such as hole layout, hole depth measurement, drilling, charging, and network connection were strictly controlled, and positive results were obtained after blasting.

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以清远市某矿山台阶爆破工程为研究背景,工程施工中410平台有一超高台阶大抵抗线的特殊工作面需一次性爆破。该工作面台阶高30 m,长80 m,宽20 m,台阶坡面角45°~80°。由于台阶高度大、坡面角小,且坡面坡比上下不一,造成了爆破施工技术难度大。爆破设计前首先使用RTK测量仪和全站仪对工作面和掌子面地形进行测量,然后根据地形图对掌子面各位置的坡面角进行计算,依据岩石性质、施工经验和钻机类型,确定爆破单耗和钻孔直径,综合上述结果再对前排炮孔的底盘抵抗线、钻孔倾角、孔深、孔距进行设计,同理依次对后排炮孔的抵抗线、钻孔倾角、孔深、孔距、排距进行设计。孔网参数确定后,根据各排炮孔抵抗线变化规律、各排孔单孔负担体积、爆破单耗和爆破作用均匀原则依次设计各排炮孔的装药结构,最后根据岩石走向和被保护对象的抗震要求,使用矿山软件3Dmine对起爆网路进行设计。施工过程中对布孔、孔深测量、钻孔、装药、网路连接等重点施工环节进行严格控制,爆破后取得了良好效果。

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陈运成(1991-),男,中级爆破工程师、学士,从事露天矿山爆破施工,(E-mail)

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陈运成(1991-),男,中级爆破工程师、学士,从事露天矿山爆破施工,(E-mail)

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陈运成(1991-),男,中级爆破工程师、学士,从事露天矿山爆破施工,(E-mail)

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Blasting parameters of each row of holes

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爆破参数第一排第二排第二排(加密)第三排第四排第五排第六排第七排
台阶高度/m1830303030303030
钻孔倾角/(°)6070708085909090
炮孔直径d/mm140140140140140140140140
底盘抵抗线W1/m6.89.79.77.65.75.6  
炮孔超深h/m02222222
炮孔深度L/m21343432.532.1323232
堵塞长度L1/m8.54247.511.11112.512.5
装药长度L2/m12.5301025212119.519.5
单孔装药量Q/kg182358180336270270351351
综合单耗q/(kg·m-30.45
炮孔间距a/m5334556.36.3
炮孔排距b/m1.51.51.52334.24.2
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各排孔爆破参数表

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爆破参数第一排第二排第二排(加密)第三排第四排第五排第六排第七排
台阶高度/m1830303030303030
钻孔倾角/(°)6070708085909090
炮孔直径d/mm140140140140140140140140
底盘抵抗线W1/m6.89.79.77.65.75.6  
炮孔超深h/m02222222
炮孔深度L/m21343432.532.1323232
堵塞长度L1/m8.54247.511.11112.512.5
装药长度L2/m12.5301025212119.519.5
单孔装药量Q/kg182358180336270270351351
综合单耗q/(kg·m-30.45
炮孔间距a/m5334556.36.3
炮孔排距b/m1.51.51.52334.24.2
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Blasting vibration velocity of measuring points

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编号距爆源中心水平距离/m与爆破点高差/m质点矢量振动速度/(cm·s-1
110085.572
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测点爆破振动速度

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编号距爆源中心水平距离/m与爆破点高差/m质点矢量振动速度/(cm·s-1
110085.572
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露天超深孔大抵抗线爆破技术研究
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陈运成 , 谢守冬 , 颜世留 , 李铁龙
爆破 | 矿岩爆破 2023,40(1): 62-68
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爆破 | 矿岩爆破 2023, 40(1): 62-68
露天超深孔大抵抗线爆破技术研究
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陈运成 , 谢守冬, 颜世留, 李铁龙
作者信息
  • 宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司,广州 510000
  • 陈运成(1991-),男,中级爆破工程师、学士,从事露天矿山爆破施工,(E-mail)

Open-pit Blasting Technology Research on Super Deep Hole and Large Resistance Line
Yun-cheng CHEN , Shou-dong XIE, Shi-liu YAN, Tie-long LI
Affiliations
  • Hongda Blasting Engineering Group Co, Ltd, Guangzhou 510000, China
出版时间: 2023-03-01 doi: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.01.009
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以清远市某矿山台阶爆破工程为研究背景,工程施工中410平台有一超高台阶大抵抗线的特殊工作面需一次性爆破。该工作面台阶高30 m,长80 m,宽20 m,台阶坡面角45°~80°。由于台阶高度大、坡面角小,且坡面坡比上下不一,造成了爆破施工技术难度大。爆破设计前首先使用RTK测量仪和全站仪对工作面和掌子面地形进行测量,然后根据地形图对掌子面各位置的坡面角进行计算,依据岩石性质、施工经验和钻机类型,确定爆破单耗和钻孔直径,综合上述结果再对前排炮孔的底盘抵抗线、钻孔倾角、孔深、孔距进行设计,同理依次对后排炮孔的抵抗线、钻孔倾角、孔深、孔距、排距进行设计。孔网参数确定后,根据各排炮孔抵抗线变化规律、各排孔单孔负担体积、爆破单耗和爆破作用均匀原则依次设计各排炮孔的装药结构,最后根据岩石走向和被保护对象的抗震要求,使用矿山软件3Dmine对起爆网路进行设计。施工过程中对布孔、孔深测量、钻孔、装药、网路连接等重点施工环节进行严格控制,爆破后取得了良好效果。

高台阶  /  大抵抗线  /  变坡比  /  爆破设计

There was a special working face with an ultra-high bench and a large resistance at the 410 platform of a mine in Qingyuan city, which required one-time blasting. This working face had a bench height of 30m, a length of 80 m, and a face angle of 45°~80°. Due to the large bench height, small face angle, and the different face angles of the upper and lower parts, it was difficult to conduct the blasting construction. Before blasting design, the RTK measuring instrument and total station were used to measure the topography of the detailed working face, and then calculate the slope angle of each position of the face according to the topographic map. According to the rock properties, the construction experience and the drilling rig type, the powder factor and blast hole diameter were determined. Based on the above results, the toe burden, drilling angle, depth and spacing of the first row of blast holes were then deigned. Similarly, the burden, drilling angle, depth, spacing of the following rows of holes were also determined. After the hole parameters were determined, the charging structure was designed according to the burden of each row of holes, the rock volume of each hole, powder factor, and the principle of uniform blasting action. Finally, the initiation network was designed by the software of 3Dmine based on the direction of rock movement and the earthquake-proof requirements of the protected objects. During the construction process, the key links such as hole layout, hole depth measurement, drilling, charging, and network connection were strictly controlled, and positive results were obtained after blasting.

high bench  /  large resistance line  /  variable face angle  /  blasting design
陈运成, 谢守冬, 颜世留, 李铁龙. 露天超深孔大抵抗线爆破技术研究. 爆破, 2023 , 40 (1) : 62 -68 . DOI: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.01.009
Yun-cheng CHEN, Shou-dong XIE, Shi-liu YAN, Tie-long LI. Open-pit Blasting Technology Research on Super Deep Hole and Large Resistance Line[J]. Blasting, 2023 , 40 (1) : 62 -68 . DOI: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.01.009
随着砂石骨料行业的快速发展,对砂石矿山开采的要求也越来越高,矿山开采过程中受地形、地质以及周边环境等因素的影响,施工难度也逐步增大,这就要求有更为精细的控制爆破,确保爆破效果良好及施工安全。
针对抵抗线大、台阶高度大,国内很多爆破工作者采用打倾斜孔、加密炮孔、使用高威力炸药的方法,取得了良好的爆破效果。但对于变坡比、大抵抗线的台阶爆破施工技术,目前暂无相关的参考文献。
本文以清远市清新区某石场一高台阶、边坡比、大抵抗线的待爆工作面为研究对象,依据露天台阶爆破的破碎机理[1]、爆破漏斗理论和相关施工经验进行了详细设计[2,3],通过爆破设计、施工,从各方面对高台阶大抵抗线爆破技术进行了详细的阐述[4]
清远市清新区某石场为一大型露天采石场,本次爆破工作面位于矿区410平台,台阶高度30 m,台阶上部15 m坡面角为45°,下部15 m坡面角为80°,炮区长80 m、宽20 m,待爆岩石为硬度系数f=10~12的变质砂岩,岩层节理较为发育,爆区侧前方100 m有一钢筋混凝土结构的岩石破碎生产线,除此外,炮区周边300 m内无需保护的其他建筑设施。待爆作业面如图1所示,其侧面剖面图如图2所示。
(1)待爆台阶坡面角小、上下坡比不同,爆破设计复杂,炸药爆炸难以均匀作用于被爆岩体。
(2)待爆台阶高度大、钻孔精度较难控制。
(3)炮孔深度大、倾斜度大、施工难度大、工作量大。
待爆台阶高度大、坡面角小、坡面上下坡比不同,且100 m内有重点保护对象,为使炸药爆炸尽可能均匀作用于被爆岩体同时避免爆破振动对保护对象带来损伤,决定采取深孔和浅孔结合、倾斜孔和垂直孔结合、耦合装药与不耦合装药结合、数码电子雷管逐孔起爆的工艺进行爆破设计施工。
第一排炮孔设计为倾斜浅孔[5],主要作用于炮区前部上方18 m岩石,以解决台阶上层坡比小下层坡比大(抵抗线突变)的问题。第二排、第三排、第四排炮孔设计为孔距不同、钻孔倾角不同的深孔,后排为垂直孔,其中第二排孔底盘抵抗线较大,决定采取加密炮孔,加密孔底部装药上部堵塞,各排孔均使用反向起爆方式,以增大应力波和爆轰气体在孔底部的作用时间,保证克服底盘阻力。为解决各排倾斜孔由下往上抵抗线逐渐减小的问题,决定采取炮孔底部耦合装药上部不耦合装药的方法进行设计施工。同时为降低钻孔偏差对爆破效果的影响,决定保持单耗不变,采取缩小后排孔网参数、间隔装药的施工工艺。
(1)单耗控制原则[6]:为保证爆后达到预期效果,进行爆破设计时每排炮孔综合设计单耗控制在0.45 kg/m3左右。
(2)克服底盘阻力原则:由于作业平台坡面角小、底盘抵抗线大,故在设计钻孔倾角、孔网参数和装药结构时应保证炸药爆炸足以克服底盘阻力。
(3)炸药爆炸作用均匀原则:在进行钻孔倾角、孔排距和装药结构设计时,应保证炸药爆炸作用均匀,爆后岩石破碎均匀。
(4)爆破振动控制原则:在进行最大单响药量和起爆网路设计时应保证爆破引起被保护对象的质点振动速度在安全允许范围内。
(1)单响药量的确定
要保证爆破时爆区侧前方100 m处钢筋混凝土结构的岩石破碎生产线不受损伤,关键是确定本次爆破的最大单响药量。根据《爆破安全规程》中建筑物地面质点振动速度允许标准的规定[7],确定该岩石破碎生产线安全振动速度为8 cm/s。最大单响药量的计算公式
式中:R为爆源中心到建筑物的距离,m;Qmax为爆破最大单响药量,kg;v为筑物的质点振动安全允许速度,cm/s;Kα为与爆破点至保护对象间的地质条件有关的系数和衰减系数,查表取K=150、α=1.5。
R1=100 m,v1=8 cm/s代入最大单响药量计算公式可得Qmax=2844 kg。
(2)主装药品种选择
由于炮区底盘抵抗线大,同时炮区前部抵抗线变化大,为保证爆破时可以较好地克服底盘阻力,炸药爆炸作用均匀,故主装药选择线装药密度为18 kg/m的混装乳化炸药和线装药密度为12 kg/m的ϕ 110乳化炸药以及线装药密度为8 kg/m的ϕ 90乳化炸药。
(3)爆破单耗q、孔径D、台阶高度H及超深h的确定
根据本矿山施工经验和本次爆破作业特点,决定本次爆破综合单耗取q=0.45 kg/m3。根据现有的钻孔设备,确定孔径为140 mm。根据现场实际情况和该矿山施工经验取H=30 m,超深h=2 m。
(4)抵抗线W的确定[8]
抵抗线是影响本工程爆破效果的一个重要参数,过大会造成根底多,底部大块率高,后冲拉裂作用大,过小则不仅浪费炸药,增大钻孔成本,且岩块易抛散和产生飞石危害,根据施工经验和现场实际情况确定前四排孔底部抵抗线大小分别为:W1=6.8 m、W2=9.7 m、W3=7.6 m、W4=5.7 m,各排抵抗线分布具体如图3所示。
(5)钻孔倾角及孔深L的确定
由于作业面台阶高度大、坡面角小、上下坡面比不同,为保证炸药尽可能均匀于待爆岩体,决定前4排炮孔使用不同的钻孔倾角,由前往后钻孔倾角逐步加大,根据抵抗线计算得各排钻孔倾角,其中第一排钻孔倾角α1=60°、第二排钻孔倾角α2=70°、第三排钻孔倾角α3=80°、第四排钻孔倾角α4=85°,最后三排为垂直孔,即钻孔倾角α=90°各排炮孔剖面图如图3所示。
由于待爆台阶上部15 m坡面角为45°,台阶下部15 m坡面角为80°,为解决台阶中部抵抗线突变问题,故将第一排炮孔设计为钻孔倾角60°、平均孔深21 m,以克服台阶前方上部18 m的抵抗作用,解决变坡比炸药爆炸作用不均匀的问题。
第二排以后的各排炮孔设计为深孔,孔深L与台阶高度、超深和钻孔倾角有以下关系L=(H+h)·sin α,根据该公式计算得出各排炮孔平均孔深,具体如表1所示。
(6)装药结构设计[9](堵塞长度(含间隔长度)L2及装药长度L1的确定)
1)第一排孔:第一排炮孔主要克服台阶前方上部18 m的抵抗作用,抵抗线由下往上逐渐减小,故决定炮孔底部使用混装乳化炸药耦合装药,中部使用ϕ 110乳化炸药不耦合装药,上部使用ϕ 90乳化炸药不耦合装药,顶部正常堵塞,根据各段抵抗线大小、爆破漏斗原理及各品种炸药线装药密度确定各段装药长度L1和堵塞长度L2L1底=7 m、L1中=3.0 m、L1上=2.5 m、L2=8.5 m,具体装药结构示意图如图4所示。
2)第二排孔:第二排炮孔下部抵抗线较大,且上下差异较大,为保证克服底部阻力,决定第二排孔每2个孔一组,其中一个为加密孔,根据第二排孔各装药段的作用范围确定加密孔底部10 m装药,上部24 m正常堵塞,以协助克服台阶前方底部12 m底盘阻力,非加密孔孔下部使用混装乳化炸药耦合装药,中部使用ϕ 90乳化炸药不耦合装药,上部使用ϕ 110乳化炸药不耦合装药,顶部正常堵塞,根据各段抵抗线大小、爆破漏斗原理及各品种炸药线装药密度决定各段装药长度L1和堵塞长度L2L1底=10 m、L1中=15.5 m、L1上=4.5 m、L2=4.0 m。
3)第三排孔:根据抵抗线分布、爆破漏斗原理及各品种炸药线装药密度,决定第三排孔采取间隔装药,底部12 m使用混装乳化炸药耦合装药,间隔4 m后中部4 m使用ϕ 110乳化炸药不耦合装药,上部9 m使用ϕ 90乳化炸药不耦合装药,顶部3.5 m正常堵塞。
4)第四、五排孔:根据抵抗线分布、爆破漏斗原理及各品种炸药线装药密度,决定采取间隔装药,底部7 m使用混装乳化炸药耦合装药,间隔4 m后中部8 m使用ϕ 110乳化炸药不耦合装药,然后再间隔3.5 m后上部6 m使用ϕ 90乳化炸药不耦合装药,顶部3.5 m正常堵塞。
5)第六、七排孔:此两排孔为垂直孔上下抵抗线相同,根据炸药爆炸作用均匀原则决定底部7.5 m使用混装乳化炸药耦合装药,间隔4.3 m后中部6.5 m使用混装乳化炸药耦合装药,然后再间隔4.2 m后上部5.5 m使用混装乳化炸药耦合装药,顶部4 m正常堵塞。
各排炮孔间隔装药时均使用岩粉进行间隔。
(7)孔距a、排距b的确定
孔距a和排距b有如下关系:a=mb,其中m是炮孔密集系数
1)第一排孔:为保证钻机钻孔安全,决定取第一排孔与眉线距离b=1.5 m;根据炮孔底部抵抗线、单耗和单孔装药量等计算得第一排孔距a1=5 m。
2)第二、三排孔:第二、三排孔取炮孔密集系数m=2,根据待爆岩石体积、单耗和单孔装药量等计算得第二排孔距a2=3 m、排距b2=1.5 m,第三排孔距a3=4 m、排距b3=2 m。
3)第四、五排孔:第四、五排孔取炮孔密集系数m=1.6,根据待爆岩石体积、单耗和单孔装药量等计算得第四排孔距a4=5 m、排距b4=3 m,第五排孔距a5=5 m、排距b5=3 m。
4)第六、七排孔:第六、七排孔取炮孔密集系数m=1.5,单孔装药量Q、台阶高度H、孔距a、排距b及炸药单耗q的关系为:Q=qabH,将a=mb代入上式,得
炮孔平面布置图如图5所示,各排孔爆破参数如表1所示。
(1)起爆网路设计
由于本次爆破总药量较大,Q=35 900 kg,为控制爆破振动改善爆破效果,决定本次起爆网路采用逐孔起爆[10]。根据孔距大小将第一排至第七排孔孔间延期时间分别设计为:27 ms、17 ms、21 ms、31 ms、31 ms、34 ms、34 ms,根据排距和抵抗线大小将第一排至第七排孔排间延期时间分别设计为120 ms、130 ms、120 ms、110 ms、110 ms、110 ms,具体起爆网路设计图如图6所示。
(2)起爆时间分析
将炮孔数据导入矿山设计软件3Dmine,根据起爆网路设计在3Dmine中进行起爆动画模拟和起爆时间分析,根据起爆网路模拟动画判断本网路起爆顺序合理,根据起爆时间分析图可看出起爆过程中全炮区持续时间8 ms内最多同响孔数为4个,即8 ms内最大单响药量不超过1400 kg,远小于允许的最大单响药量。起爆时间分析图如图7所示。
(1)布孔
根据现场实际情况和布孔设计图进行测量布孔,布孔由第一排依次向后进行,特殊位置根据实际情况做出调整,孔位确定后,使用RTK测量仪对每个炮孔进行测量,根据台阶高度、超深和钻孔倾角计算出每个孔的孔深,如表2所示,最后记录每个孔的孔深、钻孔倾角并将该信息在每个孔位处进行标注,以便于钻机钻孔。
(2)钻孔
钻孔施工前根据钻孔设计对钻机手进行详细技术交底,钻孔过程中利用角度仪对钻孔倾角严格控制,确保钻孔精度符合设计要求。
(3)装药与堵塞
装药和堵塞施工过程中严格按照设计进行施工。首先,每孔混装乳化炸药装药完成后,必须待孔内混装乳化炸药发泡完成后再进行堵塞作业,且堵塞前采取措施防止孔内上层混装乳化炸药与岩粉混合,防止孔内上层混装乳化炸药失效;其次,ϕ 110乳化炸药和ϕ 90乳化炸药装药施工时必须采取吊装的方式进行施工,以保证线装药密度符合设计要求;最后,堵塞作业时,堵塞材料必须符合《爆破安全规程》要求,以保证堵塞质量。
本次爆破作业各工序施工严格按照爆破设计进行,施工中未出现异常情况,爆破前在炮区侧面距离炮区边缘100 m处安装一组爆破测振仪;爆破后,测得爆破振动速度如表2
爆破振动速度在安全范围之内,爆破过程未出现爆破飞散物,爆后爆堆形状规整,表面块度均匀、无明显大块,达到标准抛掷爆破效果,爆堆松散度较好,无后翻和侧冲,适宜挖运,爆后效果如图8所示,挖装后效果图如图9所示。
针对台阶高度大、坡面角度小,且坡面坡比上下相差大等技术难点,围绕钻孔倾角、装药结构和孔网参数设计等关键工序进行系统研究计算,得出以下结论:
(1)采用倾斜浅孔和倾斜深孔相结合,合理设计孔网参数和装药结构可有效解决台阶上层坡比小、下层坡比大的技术难题。
(2)根据单耗控制原则,加密炮孔,合理设计钻孔倾角、装药结构可有效解决底盘抵抗线过大问题。
(3)根据单耗控制和炸药爆炸作用均匀原则,采取缩小孔网参数、间隔装药的施工工艺可明显改善爆破效果,同时降低高台阶因钻孔偏差对爆破效果的影响。
通过本次爆破参数设计、施工及爆破后效果分析可得,本次爆破设计与施工比较成功,可为类似爆破工程提供参考。
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2023年第40卷第1期
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doi: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.01.009
  • 接收时间:2022-09-19
  • 首发时间:2026-03-19
  • 出版时间:2023-03-01
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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-19
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    宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司,广州 510000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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genus
种数
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Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
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Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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