Article(id=1241089938737918294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1241089933696364783, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2023.02.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1674748800000, receivedDateStr=2023-01-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773828499731, onlineDateStr=2026-03-18, pubDate=1685548800000, pubDateStr=2023-06-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773828499731, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-18, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773828499731, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773828499731, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1241089933696364783, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, year='2023', volume='40', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='229', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773828498529, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773828588505, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1241090311141782020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1241089933696364783, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1241090311141782021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1241089933696364783, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=80, endPage=87, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1241089938997965157, articleId=1241089938737918294, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, language=EN, title=Study on Blasting Characteristics of Rock Mass and Prediction of Rock Fragment Size by Bench Blasting in Tunnel Excavation, columnId=1240702072862069231, journalTitle=Blasting, columnName=BLASTING IN ORE AND ROCK, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
The conclusions including: the Kuznetsov and kansake models are still applicable to the prediction of unit explosive consumption in bench blasting tunnel engineering, and the Kuznetsov model considers the influence of rock mass characteristics, which is more practical than the kansake model. In addition, the Kuznetsov model can predict the average blasting fragment as the basis of the distribution model of blasting fragment. Compared with the lower bench, the upper bench has higher single blasting consumption, higher content of fine particles and smaller fragments. The Kuz-Ram model has a good prediction effect for the small blasting fragments that below the average value. For the large blasting fragments that above the average value, the KCO model has a better prediction effect, and it has more accurate for the prediction of the largest blasting fragment. This paper analyzes the applicable conditions and scope of the prediction model for rock fragment, which provides a basis for the unit explosive consumption and fragment distribution of tunnel blasting. The methods for predicting the specific consumption of explosives and the fragmentation of rock mass during blasting originated from open-pit blasting. However, the stress state of the rock mass in stepped tunnels is different from that in open-pit mines, so it is unknown whether the above prediction methods are applicable to stepped tunnel blasting. Based on statistical data from the bench blasting in the Tianjiangli tunnel, several commonly used calculation methods in open-pit mines were used to predict the specific consumption of explosives and the distribution of fragments, and the predicted results were compared with the actual measurements. The results show that the Kuznetsov model and the Kansake model are still applicable to predicting the specific consumption of explosives in stepped tunnel blasting, and the Kuznetsov model takes into account the influence of rock mass characteristics, making it more practical than the Kansake model. In addition, the Kuznetsov model can predict the average value of the blasting fragmentation and serve as a basis for the fragmentation distribution model. The specific consumption of explosives is higher on the upper bench, resulting in a higher content of fine particles and smaller overall rock mass after blasting, while the specific consumption is lower on the lower step, resulting in a lower content of fine particles and a larger overall rock mass after blasting. The Kuz-Ram model is better in predicting the blasting fragmentation of small rock masses with a block size below the average value, while the KCO model is better for predicting the blasting fragmentation of large rock masses with a block size above the average value, and the KCO model can accurately predict the maximum blasting block. This article analyzes the applicable conditions and scope of the prediction models and provides a basis for the specific consumption and fragmentation distribution in tunnel blasting.
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爆破炸药单耗及岩体爆破碎片块度预测方法均起源于露天矿爆破,台阶法隧道上下台阶岩体应力状态与露天矿大不相同,以上预测方法是否适用于台阶法隧道爆破尚未可知。根据天江里隧道台阶法爆破统计数据,采用几种露天矿常用计算方法预测了上下台阶炸药单耗及碎片分布,并与实测结果进行了对比,得出如下结论:Kuznetsov模型和Kansake模型仍然适用于台阶法隧道工程炸药单耗的预测,且Kuznetsov模型考虑了岩体特性的影响,比Kansake模型更加实用;此外,Kuznetsov模型可以预测爆破碎片平均值,作为爆破碎片分布模型的基础。上台阶爆破单耗高,岩体爆破后细颗粒含量高、整体块体小;下台阶爆破单耗低,岩体爆破后细颗粒含量低、整体块度大。对于块度在平均值以下的小块体爆破碎片,采用Kuz-Ram模型预测效果较好;对于块度在平均值以上的大块体爆破碎片,采用KCO模型预测效果较好,且KCO模型对最大爆破块体的预测较准确。分析了预测模型的适用条件及范围,为隧道爆破炸药单耗和块度分布提供了依据。
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, authorsList=董武俊)}, authors=[Author(id=1241089947726312271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=3270808200@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1241089947843752795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, authorId=1241089947726312271, language=EN, stringName=Wu-jun DONG, firstName=Wu-jun, middleName=null, lastName=DONG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=China Railway 11th Bureau Group Co, Ltd, Wuhan 430064, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1241089947952804712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, authorId=1241089947726312271, language=CN, stringName=董武俊, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=中铁十一局集团有限公司,武汉 430064, bio={"content":"
董武俊(1973-),男,高级工程师,主要从事隧道工程的工作与研究,(E-mail)3270808200@qq.com。
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董武俊(1973-),男,高级工程师,主要从事隧道工程的工作与研究,(E-mail)3270808200@qq.com。
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Arrangement of bench blasting holes (unit: cm), figureFileSmall=PHIGbZ2xjEA7XNsBqly/BA==, figureFileBig=9yzVsvObt8c+BtfD08JZJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089950716851187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
台阶式爆破孔布置(单位:cm), figureFileSmall=PHIGbZ2xjEA7XNsBqly/BA==, figureFileBig=9yzVsvObt8c+BtfD08JZJg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951018840072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=
Blasting hole charging structure, figureFileSmall=NL3FLuNsqlVJMwAafiKNHw==, figureFileBig=tF38Vl73W/VsR4nhFgO08Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951136280595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
爆破孔装药结构图, figureFileSmall=NL3FLuNsqlVJMwAafiKNHw==, figureFileBig=tF38Vl73W/VsR4nhFgO08Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951232749598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=
Rock blasting fragments and boundary, figureFileSmall=JA4YzCE3E3J+v2eyWKvlAg==, figureFileBig=jN7sd6iH7IypP1SgtaOUYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951392133162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
岩体爆破碎片及边界, figureFileSmall=JA4YzCE3E3J+v2eyWKvlAg==, figureFileBig=jN7sd6iH7IypP1SgtaOUYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951505379382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Rock blasting fragments and boundary, figureFileSmall=kvQ3IPwDcZg4aN1/MW5YIQ==, figureFileBig=RU+3aoLJfI7j3AIIo1iZCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951635402817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
岩体爆破碎片及边界, figureFileSmall=kvQ3IPwDcZg4aN1/MW5YIQ==, figureFileBig=RU+3aoLJfI7j3AIIo1iZCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951740260431, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Fragment accumulation curve generated by split desktop, figureFileSmall=RXPNjh0jWtXu4UVuu/bDtQ==, figureFileBig=R2LNklcI2sfW6Wie92SU5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951857700952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
Split-desktop生成的碎片累积曲线, figureFileSmall=RXPNjh0jWtXu4UVuu/bDtQ==, figureFileBig=R2LNklcI2sfW6Wie92SU5Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089951983530082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Fragment accumulation curve generated by split desktop, figureFileSmall=VGN12H8oMmR4ycm6dqppeA==, figureFileBig=YLgRzPHQuzBRYGn5rW1MYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952100970603, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
Split-desktop生成的碎片累积曲线, figureFileSmall=VGN12H8oMmR4ycm6dqppeA==, figureFileBig=YLgRzPHQuzBRYGn5rW1MYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952205828207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
Rock fragments and boundary after manual completion, figureFileSmall=PSp1NPEWiB5b6REQEfHVyg==, figureFileBig=aqKBu6hnGCKBHJi67qmzHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952340045947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
手动完善之后的岩体碎片及边界, figureFileSmall=PSp1NPEWiB5b6REQEfHVyg==, figureFileBig=aqKBu6hnGCKBHJi67qmzHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952457486465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=
Rock fragments and boundary after manual completion, figureFileSmall=UXijtQYz254oR7OoUxrW7A==, figureFileBig=vCOzNCsPpqgP4AnXSvVyUw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952574926988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
手动完善之后的岩体碎片及边界, figureFileSmall=UXijtQYz254oR7OoUxrW7A==, figureFileBig=vCOzNCsPpqgP4AnXSvVyUw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952713339027, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=
Cumulative distribution curve of blasting fragments at upper and lower steps, figureFileSmall=Qa2IN2dl9QoIqWaETGP7ug==, figureFileBig=Q0Yn1kwMyP4zhWB1vztP1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952839168155, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
上下台阶爆破碎片累积分布曲线, figureFileSmall=Qa2IN2dl9QoIqWaETGP7ug==, figureFileBig=Q0Yn1kwMyP4zhWB1vztP1A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089952964997277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=
Measured and predicted cumulative distribution curve of upper bench blasting fragments, figureFileSmall=lKAOxMK6rwfKJFawOC3caQ==, figureFileBig=FR8pjqDCMYik57KYXg8ppA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089953044689060, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
实测与预测的上台阶爆破碎片累积分布曲线, figureFileSmall=lKAOxMK6rwfKJFawOC3caQ==, figureFileBig=FR8pjqDCMYik57KYXg8ppA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089953128575147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=
Measured and predicted cumulative distribution curve of blasting fragments in lower bench, figureFileSmall=Lms5E5/VWrYdlx1i9tfRaw==, figureFileBig=gD5poHu6thj3a83coCqOwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089953233432753, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
实测与预测的下台阶爆破碎片累积分布曲线, figureFileSmall=Lms5E5/VWrYdlx1i9tfRaw==, figureFileBig=gD5poHu6thj3a83coCqOwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1241089953329901751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Blasting parameters of upper bench of tunnel
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| 炮孔类别 | 段别 | 炮孔数量/个 | 炮孔深度/m | 装药集中度/(kg·m-1) | 装药量/kg |
|---|
| 单孔 | 总量 |
|---|
| 开槽孔 | 1 | 4 | 2.2 | 0.700 | 1.54 | 6.16 |
| 扩槽孔 | 5 | 4 | 2.0 | 0.700 | 1.40 | 5.60 |
| 辅助孔 | 7 | 6 | 2.0 | 0.600 | 1.20 | 7.20 |
| 辅助孔 | 8 | 6 | 2.0 | 0.600 | 1.20 | 7.20 |
| 崩落孔 | 9 | 17 | 2.0 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 17.00 |
| 轮廓孔 | 10 | 25 | 2.0 | 0.300 | 0.60 | 15.00 |
| 底孔 | 11 | 13 | 2.0 | 0.675 | 1.35 | 17.55 |
| 合计 | | 75 | | | | 75.71 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241089954890182850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
隧道上台阶爆破参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 炮孔类别 | 段别 | 炮孔数量/个 | 炮孔深度/m | 装药集中度/(kg·m-1) | 装药量/kg |
|---|
| 单孔 | 总量 |
|---|
| 开槽孔 | 1 | 4 | 2.2 | 0.700 | 1.54 | 6.16 |
| 扩槽孔 | 5 | 4 | 2.0 | 0.700 | 1.40 | 5.60 |
| 辅助孔 | 7 | 6 | 2.0 | 0.600 | 1.20 | 7.20 |
| 辅助孔 | 8 | 6 | 2.0 | 0.600 | 1.20 | 7.20 |
| 崩落孔 | 9 | 17 | 2.0 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 17.00 |
| 轮廓孔 | 10 | 25 | 2.0 | 0.300 | 0.60 | 15.00 |
| 底孔 | 11 | 13 | 2.0 | 0.675 | 1.35 | 17.55 |
| 合计 | | 75 | | | | 75.71 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241089954999234759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Blasting parameters of lower bench of tunnel
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 炮孔类别 | 段别 | 炮孔数量/个 | 炮孔深度/m | 装药集中度/(kg·m-1) | 装药量/kg |
|---|
| 单孔 | 总量 |
|---|
| 第一排 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.20 | 3.60 |
| 第二排 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 5.50 |
| 第三排 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 7.70 |
| 第四排 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 9.90 |
| 第五排 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 8.80 |
| 第六排 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 6.00 |
| 第七排 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 6.00 |
| 崩落孔 | 9 | 12 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 12.00 |
| 轮廓孔 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0.300 | 0.60 | 4.80 |
| 底孔 | 11 | 16 | 2 | 0.675 | 1.35 | 21.60 |
| 合计 | | 75 | | | | 75.71 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241089955099898062, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
隧道下台阶爆破参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 炮孔类别 | 段别 | 炮孔数量/个 | 炮孔深度/m | 装药集中度/(kg·m-1) | 装药量/kg |
|---|
| 单孔 | 总量 |
|---|
| 第一排 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.20 | 3.60 |
| 第二排 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 5.50 |
| 第三排 | 3 | 7 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 7.70 |
| 第四排 | 4 | 9 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 9.90 |
| 第五排 | 5 | 8 | 2 | 0.550 | 1.10 | 8.80 |
| 第六排 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 6.00 |
| 第七排 | 7 | 6 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 6.00 |
| 崩落孔 | 9 | 12 | 2 | 0.500 | 1.00 | 12.00 |
| 轮廓孔 | 10 | 8 | 2 | 0.300 | 0.60 | 4.80 |
| 底孔 | 11 | 16 | 2 | 0.675 | 1.35 | 21.60 |
| 合计 | | 75 | | | | 75.71 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241089955204755670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Predicted and measured explosive specific consumption
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 计算模型 | 上台阶 | 下台阶 |
|---|
炸药总量/kg 75.71 | 爆破体积/m3 71.82 | 最小抵抗线/m 0.8 | 孔距/m 0.7 | 排距/m 0.8 | X50/cm 16 | 炸药总量/kg 85.9 | 爆破体积/m3 114.56 | 最小抵抗线/m 0.9 | 孔距/m 0.8 | 排距/m 1 | X50/cm 21 |
|---|
| Kuznetsov模型 | 1.18 | 0.87 |
| Li模型 | 2.08 | 1.56 |
| Kansake模型 | 1.02 | 0.71 |
| 实测值 | 1.05 | 0.75 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241089955318001885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
预测与实测的炸药单耗
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 计算模型 | 上台阶 | 下台阶 |
|---|
炸药总量/kg 75.71 | 爆破体积/m3 71.82 | 最小抵抗线/m 0.8 | 孔距/m 0.7 | 排距/m 0.8 | X50/cm 16 | 炸药总量/kg 85.9 | 爆破体积/m3 114.56 | 最小抵抗线/m 0.9 | 孔距/m 0.8 | 排距/m 1 | X50/cm 21 |
|---|
| Kuznetsov模型 | 1.18 | 0.87 |
| Li模型 | 2.08 | 1.56 |
| Kansake模型 | 1.02 | 0.71 |
| 实测值 | 1.05 | 0.75 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241089955557077218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Calculation parameters and results of uniformity index
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 爆破位置 | 计算参数及结果 |
|---|
| B/D | S/B | W/B | ABS(LB-LC)/L | L/H | n | X50 | Xmax | b |
|---|
| 上台阶 | 0.019 | 0.02 | 0.86 | 0.58 | 0.83 | 1.05 | 0.16 | 0.7 | 2.15 |
| 下台阶 | 0.021 | 0.02 | 0.89 | 0.53 | 0.81 | 0.95 | 0.21 | 0.8 | 1.76 |
), ArticleFig(id=1241089955619991785, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1241089938737918294, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
Kuz-Ram和KCO模型参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 爆破位置 | 计算参数及结果 |
|---|
| B/D | S/B | W/B | ABS(LB-LC)/L | L/H | n | X50 | Xmax | b |
|---|
| 上台阶 | 0.019 | 0.02 | 0.86 | 0.58 | 0.83 | 1.05 | 0.16 | 0.7 | 2.15 |
| 下台阶 | 0.021 | 0.02 | 0.89 | 0.53 | 0.81 | 0.95 | 0.21 | 0.8 | 1.76 |
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