Article(id=1240702070135779948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1240702069502440044, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2025.03.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1739376000000, receivedDateStr=2025-02-13, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1773736024650, onlineDateStr=2026-03-17, pubDate=1742313600000, pubDateStr=2025-03-19, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1773736024650, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-17, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1773736024650, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773736024650, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1240702069502440044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, year='2025', volume='42', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='202', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1773736024499, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1773736381642, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1240703567544250807, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1240702069502440044, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1240703567544250808, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, issueId=1240702069502440044, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=116, endPage=125, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1240702072237126259, articleId=1240702070135779948, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, language=EN, title=Blasting Demolition of Prestressed Continuous Rigid-frame River-crossing Bridges in Complex Environments, columnId=1240702072073548400, journalTitle=Blasting, columnName=EXPLOSIVE DEMOLITION, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Prestressed continuous rigid-frame bridges, a prevalent structural system in large-span bridge construction, present unique demolition challenges due to spatial constraints and adjacent infrastructure constraints during demolition. This study examined the controlled demolition of a river-crossing, prestressed, continuous, rigid-frame bridge using a blasting demolition practice. The demolition strategy incorporated mechanical crushing of mid-span deck and wing plates, complemented by strategically positioned blasting cuts at critical structural elements, including piers, mid-span box girder webs, top slabs, external prestressed steel cable anchor piers, and bridge-end box girder connections. The implementation of a sequential detonation order (mid-span box girders followed by external prestressed cable anchor piers, concluding with bridge-end connections and piers) resulted in controlled segmental collapse. Numerical simulation using LS-DYNA's dynamic finite element analysis validated the demolition scheme, revealing key process parameters: a total collapse duration of 4.5 seconds and a deck impact velocity of 13.6 m/s. The analysis identified impact stress as the primary mechanism for structural disintegration. A significant finding emerged regarding external prestressing technology. While originally implemented to enhance service performance and load-bearing capacity, the release of prestressing forces through controlled blasting was found to improve structural fragmentation efficiency significantly. Field implementation demonstrated the technical feasibility and safety of this approach, providing an effective solution for dismantling long-span, prestressed, continuous, rigid-frame bridges in complex environments. The study establishes a comprehensive framework for similar demolition projects, highlighting the importance of integrated mechanical and explosive techniques in modern bridge demolition engineering.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
JIA Yong-sheng (1970-), male, professor, mainly engaged in research and application of engineering blasting, (E-mail) .
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预应力连续刚构桥梁是大跨径桥梁建设中广泛应用的一种结构体系,其拆除方式受到空间和周边设施的限制。结合预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁爆破拆除工程实践,对中跨桥面和翼板分别采用机械破碎方式预处理,在桥墩、中跨箱梁腹板、顶板、体外预应力钢索固定墩和桥头箱梁连接处设置爆破切口,并采取中跨箱梁→体外预应力钢索固定墩→桥头箱梁连接处、桥墩的总体起爆顺序,成功实现了桥梁逐段原地坍塌。同时,采用LS-DYNA动力学有限元软件建立三维数值模型,对总体爆破方案的合理性和桥梁倒塌过程进行数值仿真验算,结果表明:大桥倒塌全过程历时4.5 s,桥面触地速度约13.6 m/s,桥体触地冲击应力是结构解体的主导因素,体外预应力作为改善桥梁使用性能和提高结构承载力的加固技术,采用爆破的方式解除预应力有助于促进结构的充分解体。实际爆破效果表明:爆破拆除技术能够高效、安全地解决复杂环境下大跨径预应力连续刚构桥梁的拆除难题。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
贾永胜(1970-),男,教授,主要从事工程爆破相关研究与应用工作,(E-mail)
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王威(1986-),男,高级工程师,从事工程爆破研究与实践工作,(E-mail)

WANG Wei (1986-), male, senior engineer, mainly engaged in engineering blasting research and practice work, (E-mail) .

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王威(1986-),男,高级工程师,从事工程爆破研究与实践工作,(E-mail)

WANG Wei (1986-), male, senior engineer, mainly engaged in engineering blasting research and practice work, (E-mail) .

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王威(1986-),男,高级工程师,从事工程爆破研究与实践工作,(E-mail)

WANG Wei (1986-), male, senior engineer, mainly engaged in engineering blasting research and practice work, (E-mail) .

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Blasting parameters

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构件名称Component炮孔直径Blasthole diameter/mm孔距Pitchrow/cm排距Array pitch/cm炮孔深度Blast hole depth/cm堵塞长度Stemming length/cm炸药单耗Unit explosive consumption/(g·m-3)单孔药量Single charge weight/g
桥墩Pier40253590/8530/352022600/500
箱梁顶板Box girder top plate40504035/4525/301250100/150
腹板Beam web4030/14020146660+60+100
桥头箱梁Bridgehead box girder4035/14050/900
外预应力固定墩External prestressed fixed pier4035/14050/900
), ArticleFig(id=1240702086598422597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1240670690148397066, articleId=1240702070135779948, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

爆破参数表

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构件名称Component炮孔直径Blasthole diameter/mm孔距Pitchrow/cm排距Array pitch/cm炮孔深度Blast hole depth/cm堵塞长度Stemming length/cm炸药单耗Unit explosive consumption/(g·m-3)单孔药量Single charge weight/g
桥墩Pier40253590/8530/352022600/500
箱梁顶板Box girder top plate40504035/4525/301250100/150
腹板Beam web4030/14020146660+60+100
桥头箱梁Bridgehead box girder4035/14050/900
外预应力固定墩External prestressed fixed pier4035/14050/900
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复杂环境下预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁爆破拆除
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王威 1, 2 , 贾永胜 1, 3 , 刘昌邦 1 , 袁方 3 , 伍岳 1 , 聂森林 3
爆破 | 拆除爆破 2025,42(3): 116-125
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爆破 | 拆除爆破 2025, 42(3): 116-125
复杂环境下预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁爆破拆除
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王威1, 2 , 贾永胜1, 3 , 刘昌邦1, 袁方3, 伍岳1, 聂森林3
作者信息
  • 1.武汉爆破有限公司,武汉 430056
  • 2.武汉科技大学 理学院,武汉 430065
  • 3.江汉大学 精细爆破国家重点实验室,武汉 430056
  • 王威(1986-),男,高级工程师,从事工程爆破研究与实践工作,(E-mail)

    WANG Wei (1986-), male, senior engineer, mainly engaged in engineering blasting research and practice work, (E-mail) .

通讯作者:

贾永胜(1970-),男,教授,主要从事工程爆破相关研究与应用工作,(E-mail)
Blasting Demolition of Prestressed Continuous Rigid-frame River-crossing Bridges in Complex Environments
Wei WANG1, 2 , Yong-sheng JIA1, 3 , Chang-bang LIU1, Fang YUAN3, Yue WU1, Sen-lin NIE3
Affiliations
  • 1.Wuhan Explosion & Blasting Co., Ltd., Wuhan 430056, China
  • 2.College of Science, Wuhan University of Science and technology, Wuhan 430065, China
  • 3.State Key Laboratory of Precision Blasting, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
出版时间: 2025-03-19 doi: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2025.03.013
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预应力连续刚构桥梁是大跨径桥梁建设中广泛应用的一种结构体系,其拆除方式受到空间和周边设施的限制。结合预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁爆破拆除工程实践,对中跨桥面和翼板分别采用机械破碎方式预处理,在桥墩、中跨箱梁腹板、顶板、体外预应力钢索固定墩和桥头箱梁连接处设置爆破切口,并采取中跨箱梁→体外预应力钢索固定墩→桥头箱梁连接处、桥墩的总体起爆顺序,成功实现了桥梁逐段原地坍塌。同时,采用LS-DYNA动力学有限元软件建立三维数值模型,对总体爆破方案的合理性和桥梁倒塌过程进行数值仿真验算,结果表明:大桥倒塌全过程历时4.5 s,桥面触地速度约13.6 m/s,桥体触地冲击应力是结构解体的主导因素,体外预应力作为改善桥梁使用性能和提高结构承载力的加固技术,采用爆破的方式解除预应力有助于促进结构的充分解体。实际爆破效果表明:爆破拆除技术能够高效、安全地解决复杂环境下大跨径预应力连续刚构桥梁的拆除难题。

预应力连续刚构桥  /  爆破拆除  /  预处理  /  数值模拟  /  振动监测

Prestressed continuous rigid-frame bridges, a prevalent structural system in large-span bridge construction, present unique demolition challenges due to spatial constraints and adjacent infrastructure constraints during demolition. This study examined the controlled demolition of a river-crossing, prestressed, continuous, rigid-frame bridge using a blasting demolition practice. The demolition strategy incorporated mechanical crushing of mid-span deck and wing plates, complemented by strategically positioned blasting cuts at critical structural elements, including piers, mid-span box girder webs, top slabs, external prestressed steel cable anchor piers, and bridge-end box girder connections. The implementation of a sequential detonation order (mid-span box girders followed by external prestressed cable anchor piers, concluding with bridge-end connections and piers) resulted in controlled segmental collapse. Numerical simulation using LS-DYNA's dynamic finite element analysis validated the demolition scheme, revealing key process parameters: a total collapse duration of 4.5 seconds and a deck impact velocity of 13.6 m/s. The analysis identified impact stress as the primary mechanism for structural disintegration. A significant finding emerged regarding external prestressing technology. While originally implemented to enhance service performance and load-bearing capacity, the release of prestressing forces through controlled blasting was found to improve structural fragmentation efficiency significantly. Field implementation demonstrated the technical feasibility and safety of this approach, providing an effective solution for dismantling long-span, prestressed, continuous, rigid-frame bridges in complex environments. The study establishes a comprehensive framework for similar demolition projects, highlighting the importance of integrated mechanical and explosive techniques in modern bridge demolition engineering.

prestressed continuous rigid frame bridge  /  blasting demolition  /  pretreatment  /  numerical simulation  /  vibration monitoring
王威, 贾永胜, 刘昌邦, 袁方, 伍岳, 聂森林. 复杂环境下预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁爆破拆除. 爆破, 2025 , 42 (3) : 116 -125 . DOI: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2025.03.013
Wei WANG, Yong-sheng JIA, Chang-bang LIU, Fang YUAN, Yue WU, Sen-lin NIE. Blasting Demolition of Prestressed Continuous Rigid-frame River-crossing Bridges in Complex Environments[J]. Blasting, 2025 , 42 (3) : 116 -125 . DOI: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2025.03.013
党的二十大作出建设交通强国的战略部署。近年来,高速公路改扩建工程逐渐成为一大热点,京沪、京港澳、沪渝、沪蓉等国家高速公路主线纷纷开始分段实施扩容升级。其中,大量桥梁已无法满足现代交通发展需求,面临拆除重建。公路桥梁依据其受力特点和结构形式,可分为梁式桥、拱桥、刚构桥、斜拉桥和悬索桥[1]。近年来,国内外实施了多项不同结构类型桥梁的爆破拆除项目,主要为梁式桥、拱桥和斜拉桥等结构形式,例如,湖北省武汉市3.5 km沌阳高架桥爆破拆除工程(简支梁桥)、重庆旧石梁河大桥拆除爆破工程(提篮拱桥)[2]、浙江省金华市金婺大桥爆破拆除工程(斜拉桥)[3]
目前,针对梁式桥、拱桥和斜拉桥的爆破拆除技术比较成熟,爆破界前辈对爆破切口、起爆网路、延期时间和安全防护措施等已展开深入研究,并取得相应成果[4-7]。谢先启院士等针对3.5 km沌阳高架桥爆破拆除工程开展了相关研究,得到复杂环境下城市超长高架桥精细爆破拆除关键技术与应用科技成果,荣获2014年湖北省科技进步一等奖[8]。陈德志、罗鹏、黄小武等针对浙江省金华市金婺大桥爆破拆除工程开展研究,探索了斜拉桥爆破拆除失稳倒塌力学机理,依托工程实例,借助动力学有限元程序LS-DYNA模拟了斜拉桥整体模型的失稳倒塌运动过程,并重点分析了主塔、主梁、斜拉索三种基本构件的动力响应特征,其研究成果荣获2023年中国爆破行业协会科技进步奖特等奖[9]。然而,关于预应力连续刚构桥爆破拆除技术及其科学问题研究尚不多见。
连续刚构桥是墩梁固结的连续梁桥,其上部主梁与下部桥墩整体结合,是大跨径桥梁建设中常用的结构体系,常用跨径在100~300 m之间,一般采用预应力混凝土结构,这种固结方式使结构的整体性增强,能够更好地承受上部结构传来的荷载,提高桥梁的整体稳定性[2]。预应力连续刚构桥的拆除方式有多种,常见的有满堂支架分小块切割拆除、倒序拆除、机械拆除和爆破拆除。满堂支架分小块切割拆除需要在桥下搭建满堂支架,将桥梁分成小块进行切割,其优点是施工过程相对较为稳定,对周边环境的影响较小,但搭建满堂支架需要大量的时间和人力物力,且对于跨河桥梁来说,可能会受到水流等因素的影响,增加施工难度。倒序拆除是按照桥梁建造的相反顺序进行拆除,这种方法可以充分利用桥梁原有的结构特点,逐步拆除各个部分,然而倒序拆除需要对桥梁的结构有深入的了解,施工过程中需要精确控制拆除顺序,否则可能会导致桥梁结构失稳。机械拆除主要是利用液压破碎锤等设备对桥梁进行拆除,其效率较高,可在较短的时间内完成拆除任务,但是需要较大的施工场地,对于周边环境复杂的跨河桥梁来说,可能会受到空间限制。爆破拆除主要在桥梁支撑部位实施钻孔爆破,使桥梁上部结构失稳塌落至地面,再做进一步破碎清渣处理,对于预应力箱梁结构,可根据破碎要求选择性爆破。对于预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁来说,爆破拆除是一种快速、高效、安全的拆除方式,可以有效地解决周边环境复杂、桥梁结构特殊等问题。
以沪渝高速公路武汉至黄石段改扩建工程柯家墩大桥爆破拆除工程为例,结合数值模拟方法,探讨复杂环境下预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁爆破拆除技术,为预应力连续刚构桥梁爆破拆除提供了新的设计施工思路。
待爆大桥位于沪渝高速公路武汉至黄石段改扩建工程K825+721.900处,南北方向横跨长港,收费站匝道与G316国道在大桥西北侧桥头并排下穿。大桥两侧民房密集,东南侧距民房22 m,西南侧距民房26 m,西北侧距民房72 m,东北侧距民房43 m。工程环境如图1所示。
大桥全长146 m,为上下行两座独立的一联三跨预应力混凝土变截面箱形连续刚构梁式桥梁,桥孔布置为40+56+40 m,桥面全宽24.0 m。大桥桥墩为圆形实心墩柱,直径为1.2 m。墩柱主筋为ϕ 20,共计16根,箍筋为ϕ 12,混凝土等级为C25。大桥箱梁为单室矩形横截面,箱底宽6.0 m,箱梁顶翼缘总宽为10.84 m,顶板厚0.30 m,肋板厚0.30 m,底板厚0.18~0.80 m。中跨中心处梁高1.60 m,墩项处梁高3.10 m,梁高按圆曲线变化,曲线半径R=209.08 m,两边孔在距墩中心线27 m处开始为边孔13 m支架现浇段,该段箱梁等高为1.60 m。大桥桥型布置图如图2所示,Ⅰ-Ⅰ和Ⅱ-Ⅱ剖面横断面布置图如图3所示。
大桥原设计为一级公路专用桥梁,后因道路级别提升,对大桥在原结构上进行了加固,在箱梁底板和肋板外侧进行了加固粘贴钢板(图4),并在箱梁内部施加了体外预应力(图5)。
本项目在技术设计和施工组织方面具有以下特点和难点:
(1)大桥周边分布有村庄,民房多为80年代建的砖房,年代久远,周边环境极其复杂,需要有效控制爆破有害效应。
(2)大桥为预应力混凝土变截面箱形连续刚构,整体强度高、刚度大,爆破破碎难度较大,需合理的选取爆破方案和爆破参数。
(3)长港为五级航道,河面宽约70 m,中间跨水深4.5~7.5 m,需通过合理设计并配合机械设备将爆破后的桥体打捞干净,确保河道船舶通航安全。
(4)G316国道在大桥西北侧桥头下穿,拆除时需确保交通顺畅,施工组织难度大。
综合大桥的结构特点和周围环境条件,拟采用工业电子雷管延时起爆网路,一次性爆破大桥,使大桥逐段原地坍塌的总体爆破方案。
为保证中跨上部结构塌落解体充分,便于打捞,对中跨箱梁结构采取爆破和预处理相结合的方式。在桥面中间区域采用液压破碎锤将两幅桥面预处理为多个2 m×2.5 m孔洞,中间间隔1 m,预处理位置对应桥下水位较深处,并将对应位置的翼板采用机械破碎拆除。右幅(上游)共计9个孔洞,左幅(下游)共计6个孔洞。在桥面两端对应体外预应力钢索固定墩(位于箱梁中)区域,开凿2 m×2.5 m孔洞,露出体外预应力钢索固定墩,便于固定和钻孔。
对于箱梁内部施加的体外预应力,对其千斤顶张拉固定墩采取松动爆破,解除预应力,改善桥体的破碎解体效果。总体爆破方案示意图如图6所示。
大桥桥墩为直径1.2 m的圆形实心墩柱,为确保桥墩充分破碎,从水面以上1 m处开始对整个墩柱进行钻孔爆破,采用梅花形“2+1”布孔方式,排距35 cm,孔距25 cm,炮孔直径D=40 mm。炮孔布置图和装药示意图如图7所示。
为保证中跨上部结构塌落解体充分,便于打捞,对桥体上部箱梁进行钻孔爆破,爆破部位分别为:桥体中跨箱梁顶板和腹板,两侧桥台上部箱梁顶端(此处为实心结构),体外预应力钢索固定墩(从桥面钻孔,钻入墩柱内部)。见表1
采用工业电子雷管起爆网路。总体起爆顺序为:中间箱梁→体外预应力钢索固定墩→边跨箱梁连接处、桥墩。具体延期时间为:
(1)右幅(上游)中间箱梁分为两响首先起爆,起爆时间为50 ms和150 ms,左幅(下游)延迟右幅120 ms起爆,起爆时间分别为170 ms和270 ms。
(2)右幅(上游)体外预应力钢索固定墩延迟右幅中间箱梁100 ms起爆,起爆时间为250 ms。左幅(下游)体外预应力钢索固定墩延迟左幅中间箱梁100 ms起爆,起爆时间为370 ms。
(3)边跨箱梁、桥墩最后起爆,右幅(上游)边跨箱梁、桥墩延迟右幅体外预应力钢索固定墩300 ms起爆,起爆时间为550 ms,左幅(下游)边跨箱梁、桥墩延迟左幅体外预应力钢索固定墩300 ms起爆,起爆时间为670 ms。见图8
采用单台主机起爆器联动组网,连接多台子机起爆器,全桥共计使用8台子机支路形成电子雷管起爆系统,单台爆破支路子机的电子雷管数量控制在300~400发,累计使用工业电子雷管2800发。
为验证爆破参数的合理性,采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA动力学有限元软件,对大桥倒塌过程开展数值仿真验算。根据柯家墩大桥的实际结构参数,构建了大桥有限元模型,具体如图9所示。
在建模过程中,选用* MAT_CABLE_DISCRETE _BEAM材料来模拟预应力钢筋的运动状态。该材料常用于模拟钢丝绳等仅受拉力的结构,可模拟绳索的多种运动状态,并且能够通过F0选项定义材料初始张力,从而较好地反映预应力钢筋的运动情况[10]
通过调整*MAT-ADD-EROSION关键字中的FALTAM选项控制爆破切口单元定时侵蚀,模拟爆破切口形成。利用*LOAD_BODY_GENERALIZED关键字为模型施加重力加速度,同时联用*CONTACT_AUTO_SINGLE_ SURFACE与*ERODING_SINGLE _SURFAC关键字,模拟构件间的碰撞、冲击、侵蚀等接触情况。
计算结果如图10所示。模拟结果显示,逐段原地坍塌的总体爆破方案能够确保大桥顺利解体倒塌。大桥倒塌全过程历时4.5 s,随着爆破切口的逐步生成,在大桥结构内的应力重分配过程与体外预应力的共同作用下,预应力钢筋支座处产生局部破坏,待桥墩爆破破坏后,大桥主体整体原地塌落并触地解体,由图11可得,桥面触地速度约为13.6 m/s。
图12桥面监测点有效应力时程曲线可知,桥面监测点有效应力在桥面坍塌过程中出现显著波动。在0.0~1.0 s时间段内,预应力钢筋中的张力逐渐增大,桥面混凝土单元有效应力在0.9 s时达到峰值12.5 MPa;从1.05 s起,爆破切口按顺序形成,预应力钢筋支座于1.37 s时失效,钢筋预应力解除,有效应力迅速衰减至0.4 MPa;随后在3.4 s触地时,有效应力再次达到峰值15.4 MPa。其中,结构倒塌触地所引起的有效应力峰值大于预应力钢筋引起的预应力峰值,表明结构的破坏主要由触地冲击导致,而预应力释放所引起的单元有效应力波动则有助于促进结构的充分解体。见图12
经过精心的设计、施工,柯家墩大桥爆破后按照设计要求逐段原地坍塌落,中跨箱梁上部结构在爆破的作用下基本上全部破碎,落入河中,便于后期的二次破碎和打捞,两边跨桥体塌落在岸边。周边各类保护对象均安然无恙,爆破飞石、震动和爆破粉尘等有害效应控制良好。见图13
爆破过程中,采用Mini Mate Plus振动记录仪对周边保护建筑进行了爆破和塌落振动监测,监测数据显示,周边22 m水塔和民房振动速度1.6 cm/s,振动监测结果虽未超出安全允许标准,但是仍然需要更严格的控制。从振动时程曲线图14中可以看到,振动持续总时长约5.0 s,塌落振动主要为10 Hz以下低频,桥体塌落冲击地面引起低频塌落冲击振动相对于爆破振动更大,主要是受制于桥体结构特点和周边环境特点,两侧边跨桥体箱梁因上跨公路,未钻孔爆破,导致解体不充分,塌落冲击比较强。
为了监测爆破过程中桥体箱梁应力变化,对右幅1号墩上部箱梁进行了应变测试,应变监测点布置如图15所示,各测点的应变曲线如图16所示,从图中可知,各点的应变曲线相似,在中跨箱梁中间区域起爆后,各监测点均产生了一个压应力和拉应力交替变化的过程,此时桥墩上部箱梁的变形为弹性变形,在体外预应力钢索固定墩爆破后,箱梁产生了突变的压应力,后桥墩上部箱梁的变形为塑性变形,结构已经产生了不可逆的变化,在边跨箱梁和桥墩爆破后,箱梁同样产生了突变的压应力,之后箱梁结构破坏。
由于爆破正值雨季,长港河水深且流速急,爆破后对该区域的打捞持续20 d,水中桥体结构打捞完毕,河底三维扫描显示,河底标高已恢复原始高程,河道中间航道恢复。
(1)对于复杂环境下的预应力连续刚构跨河桥梁,爆破拆除具有独特的优势。当周边有建筑物、管线、航道等设施时,其他拆除方案可能会受到空间限制或对周边设施造成较大影响,而爆破拆除可以通过精确设计爆破方案,控制桥梁的坍塌方向和范围,减少对周边环境的影响。此外,对于特定的桥梁结构,如连续刚构桥主跨跨径较大、结构特殊的情况,爆破拆除能够有效地解决施工难题。
(2)体外预应力作为改善桥梁使用性能和提高结构承载力的加固技术,采用爆破的方式解除预应力有助于促进结构的充分解体。
(3)在多数情况下,仅仅爆破桥墩让桥体上部结构塌落无法满足工程要求,特别是像本项目的跨河桥梁,必须对桥梁的箱梁结构进行部分爆破,以便于打捞以及减少桥体对地面的冲击。因此,对预应力连续刚构桥梁爆破拆除进行进一步研究是非常必要的,对箱梁爆破部位的选择、钻孔布孔方式的优化、预应力的解除方式应更进一步研究,以达到爆破效果和安全防护的平衡。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378399)
  • 湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(2024AFA092)
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2025年第42卷第3期
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doi: 10.3963/j.issn.1001-487X.2025.03.013
  • 接收时间:2025-02-13
  • 首发时间:2026-03-17
  • 出版时间:2025-03-19
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  • 收稿日期:2025-02-13
基金
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52378399)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378399)
Outstanding Youth Project of Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2024AFA092)
湖北省自然科学基金杰出青年项目(2024AFA092)
作者信息
    1.武汉爆破有限公司,武汉 430056
    2.武汉科技大学 理学院,武汉 430065
    3.江汉大学 精细爆破国家重点实验室,武汉 430056

通讯作者:

贾永胜(1970-),男,教授,主要从事工程爆破相关研究与应用工作,(E-mail)
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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