Article(id=1251535834483208943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, issueId=1251535833375912679, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13190/j.jbupt.2025-073, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1752422400000, receivedDateStr=2025-07-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1776318995351, onlineDateStr=2026-04-16, pubDate=null, pubDateStr=null, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1776318995351, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-04-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1776318995351, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776318995351, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1251535833375912679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, year='2025', volume='48', issue='5', pageStart='1', pageEnd='172', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1776318995087, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1776389324200, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1251830815148163525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, issueId=1251535833375912679, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1251830815148163526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, issueId=1251535833375912679, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=17, endPage=24, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1251535834692924144, articleId=1251535834483208943, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, language=EN, title=CAD Model Reconstruction Method from Point Clouds for IoT 3D Perception, columnId=1251535834252522218, journalTitle=Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, columnName=PAPERS, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
With the growing demand for understanding complex three dimensions (3D) environments in fields like Internet of things (IoT)-driven autonomous navigation and related applications, the automatic reconstruction of structured, editable computer-aided design (CAD) models from point cloud data has become a critical task. However, current research mainly focuses on reconstructing CAD models from CAD command sequences, sketches, and extrusion operations, and commonly faces challenges such as excessive reconstruction steps and strong platform dependence. To this end, a high-precision geometric and topological CAD reconstruction method is proposed, specifically for IoT 3D perception. First, the boundary representation of CAD is decomposed into parametric information of geometric primitives and their topological structure. Then, a primitive variational autoencoder (PVAE) and a topological variational autoencoder (TVAE) are designed to model their geometric features and topological relationships, respectively. Furthermore, PointNet++ is used to extract multi-scale local features from point cloud data and fuse them into global features. A topological decoder and primitive decoders are then used to predict topological tree sequences and primitive parameters, achieving high-precision CAD model reconstruction with clearer boundary details. To validate the method's effectiveness, metrics such as chamfer distance, edge chamfer distance, and structural consistency are used to evaluate its performance on two datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms existing methods in terms of topological integrity and geometric reconstruction accuracy,enabling higher-precision CAD model reconstruction.
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随着物联网驱动的自主导航等领域对复杂三维环境理解需求的增长,从点云数据自动重建结构化、可编辑的计算机辅助设计(CAD)模型已成为关键任务。然而,当前研究主要从CAD命令序列、草图与拉伸操作等角度进行重建,普遍面临重建步骤多、平台依赖性强等问题。为此,提出一种高精度几何与拓扑关系的CAD重建方法,即面向物联网三维感知的点云到CAD模型重建方法。首先,将CAD的边界表示解析为几何基元的参数化信息与其拓扑结构,并设计基元变分自编码器(PVAE)与拓扑变分自编码器(TVAE)分别建模其几何特征与拓扑关系;在此基础上,利用PointNet++提取点云数据的多尺度局部特征并融合为全局特征,进而通过拓扑解码器与基元解码器分别预测拓扑树序列和基元参数,实现高精度与更清晰的边界细节的CAD模型重建。为验证方法的有效性,采用倒角距离、边缘倒角距离和结构一致性作为评价指标,在2个数据集上对方法性能进行评估。实验结果表明,所提方法在拓扑结构完整性和几何重建精度方面均优于现有方法,能够实现更高精度的CAD模型重建。
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| 数据集 | 方法 | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| ABC | UCSG-Net | 1.233 | 21.786 | 0.866 |
| CSG-Stump | 0.671 | 7.751 | 0.892 |
| ExtrudeNet | 0.519 | 7.111 | 0.885 |
| SECAD-Net | 0.506 | 7.286 | 0.884 |
| SfmCAD | 0.395 | 5.038 | 0.919 |
| HGTR | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
| Fusion 360 | UCSG-Net | 2.950 | 5.277 | 0.770 |
| CSG-Stump | 2.781 | 4.590 | 0.744 |
| ExtrudeNet | 2.263 | 3.558 | 0.819 |
| SECAD-Net | 2.052 | 3.282 | 0.803 |
| HGTR | 1.965 | 2.884 | 0.821 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251535849649812105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, articleId=1251535834483208943, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
2个数据集上不同方法实验结果
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| 数据集 | 方法 | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| ABC | UCSG-Net | 1.233 | 21.786 | 0.866 |
| CSG-Stump | 0.671 | 7.751 | 0.892 |
| ExtrudeNet | 0.519 | 7.111 | 0.885 |
| SECAD-Net | 0.506 | 7.286 | 0.884 |
| SfmCAD | 0.395 | 5.038 | 0.919 |
| HGTR | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
| Fusion 360 | UCSG-Net | 2.950 | 5.277 | 0.770 |
| CSG-Stump | 2.781 | 4.590 | 0.744 |
| ExtrudeNet | 2.263 | 3.558 | 0.819 |
| SECAD-Net | 2.052 | 3.282 | 0.803 |
| HGTR | 1.965 | 2.884 | 0.821 |
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| 方法 | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| HGTR+PointNet | 0.361 | 5.612 | 0.864 |
| HGTR+MLP | 0.412 | 6.069 | 0.822 |
| HGTR | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251535849817584276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, articleId=1251535834483208943, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
ABC数据集上的消融实验结果
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| 方法 | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| HGTR+PointNet | 0.361 | 5.612 | 0.864 |
| HGTR+MLP | 0.412 | 6.069 | 0.822 |
| HGTR | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251535849888887446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, articleId=1251535834483208943, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 采样方式 | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| 非均匀采样 | 0.375 | 4.753 | 0.939 |
| HGTR(均匀采样) | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251535849976967833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, articleId=1251535834483208943, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
ABC数据集上不同采样方式的实验结果
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| 采样方式 | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| 非均匀采样 | 0.375 | 4.753 | 0.939 |
| HGTR(均匀采样) | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251535850081825439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, articleId=1251535834483208943, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 噪声比例/% | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| HGTR | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
| 1 | 0.360 | 4.961 | 0.929 |
| 3 | 0.374 | 5.099 | 0.919 |
| 5 | 0.385 | 5.154 | 0.913 |
| 8 | 0.420 | 5.506 | 0.907 |
| 10 | 0.482 | 6.113 | 0.896 |
), ArticleFig(id=1251535850157322915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1251233871195320423, articleId=1251535834483208943, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
ABC数据集上不同噪声比例的实验结果
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| 噪声比例/% | CD↓ | ECD↓ | NC↑ |
|---|
| HGTR | 0.354 | 4.867 | 0.934 |
| 1 | 0.360 | 4.961 | 0.929 |
| 3 | 0.374 | 5.099 | 0.919 |
| 5 | 0.385 | 5.154 | 0.913 |
| 8 | 0.420 | 5.506 | 0.907 |
| 10 | 0.482 | 6.113 | 0.896 |
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